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Advances in Antifungal Drugs, 2nd Edition
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Advances in Antifungal Drugs, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X). This special issue belongs to the section "Fungal Pathogenesis and Disease Control".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 November 2025 | Viewed by 2963

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Antonella Lupetti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Translational Research and of New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, via San Zeno, 37, 56127, Pisa, Italy
Interests: new antifungal drugs; antifungal resistance; antifungal therapy; Candida spp. infections; Aspergillus spp. infections ;fungal infections ;antifungal compounds
Dr. Iacopo Franconi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Translational Research and of New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, via San Zeno, 37, 56127 Pisa, Italy
Interests: Antifungal drugs; antifungal resistance; fungal diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Fungal infections cause milions of death world wide each year. Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. are among the two principal opportunistic fungi associated with high mortality rates and detrimental impacts on healthcare resources. The population at risk of acquiring an invasive fungal infection is increasing at an alarming pace as the rates of antifungal resistance rise. This is primarily true in Candida spp., especially for azole resistance in Candida parapsilosis and echinocandin resistance in Candida glabrata, but also for azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus. In order to better highlight the magnitude of the problem, the WHO has recently released the fungal pathogen priority list to point out the direction future research should pursue. To this point, scholars should aim for the discovery of new molecules. The optimization of existing therapeutic strategies and the clinical evaluation of the potential and effectiveness of the new antifungal molecules recently introduced in the antifungal pipeline are of outmost importance and therefore will constitute the primary focus of this Special Issue.  

Dr. Antonella Lupetti
Dr. Iacopo Franconi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Fungi is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • new antifungal drugs
  • antifungal resistance
  • antifungal therapy
  • Candida spp. infections
  • Aspergillus spp. infections
  • fungal infections
  • antifungal compounds

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 449 KiB  
Article
Efficacy and Safety Assessment of Antifungal Prophylaxis with Posaconazole Using Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Pediatric Patients with Oncohematological Disorders—A Single-Centre Study
by Karolina Liszka, Paweł Marschollek, Dawid Przystupski, Jowita Frączkiewicz, Monika Mielcarek-Siedziuk, Igor Olejnik, Zuzanna Gamrot, Natalia Haze, Agnieszka Kwella, Paulina Zalewska, Matylda Resztak, Marek Ussowicz and Krzysztof Kałwak
J. Fungi 2025, 11(1), 38; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof11010038 - 6 Jan 2025
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Abstract
Introduction: Posaconazole is recommended for prophylaxis in pediatric immunocompromised patients. Due to its variability in bioavailability and drug-to-drug interactions, EBMT recommends regimens based on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Materials and methods: In total, 171 oncohematological pediatric patients on posaconazole prophylaxis were included. Full [...] Read more.
Introduction: Posaconazole is recommended for prophylaxis in pediatric immunocompromised patients. Due to its variability in bioavailability and drug-to-drug interactions, EBMT recommends regimens based on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Materials and methods: In total, 171 oncohematological pediatric patients on posaconazole prophylaxis were included. Full pharmacokinetic posaconazole profiles were assessed in 51 children. The efficacy and safety of posaconazole was evaluated by measuring the drug concentration, with dose modification attempted in patients with suboptimal results. The influence of modifying factors on the posaconazole plasma concentration (PPC) was investigated. Results: An insufficient PPC was the main issue, but no significant increase in prophylaxis failure was reported. The modification of the dosage resulted in the optimization of PPC in 50% of patients. No significant correlation between age, gender, diagnosis or the posaconazole dosage and the PPC was found. HCT, total parenteral nutrition and diarrhea were associated with a lower PPC. Hypoalbuminemia was related to both higher and lower PPC. The concomitant administration of specified drugs significantly impacted the PPC. Conclusions: TDM allows the identification of patients receiving non-optimal treatment and offers an opportunity to improve the efficacy and safety of the therapy. However, further research involving larger patient groups and longer observation periods are needed to determine the optimal dosing and target PPC in pediatric patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Antifungal Drugs, 2nd Edition)
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Review

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35 pages, 17152 KiB  
Review
Review and Current Perspectives on DNA Topoisomerase I and II Enzymes of Fungi as Study Models for the Development of New Antifungal Drugs
by Dulce Andrade-Pavón, Omar Gómez-García and Lourdes Villa-Tanaca
J. Fungi 2024, 10(9), 629; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10090629 - 3 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1585
Abstract
Fungal infections represent a growing public health problem, mainly stemming from two phenomena. Firstly, certain diseases (e.g., AIDS and COVID-19) have emerged that weaken the immune system, leaving patients susceptible to opportunistic pathogens. Secondly, an increasing number of pathogenic fungi are developing multi-drug [...] Read more.
Fungal infections represent a growing public health problem, mainly stemming from two phenomena. Firstly, certain diseases (e.g., AIDS and COVID-19) have emerged that weaken the immune system, leaving patients susceptible to opportunistic pathogens. Secondly, an increasing number of pathogenic fungi are developing multi-drug resistance. Consequently, there is a need for new antifungal drugs with novel therapeutic targets, such as type I and II DNA topoisomerase enzymes of fungal organisms. This contribution summarizes the available information in the literature on the biology, topology, structural characteristics, and genes of topoisomerase (Topo) I and II enzymes in humans, two other mammals, and 29 fungi (including Basidiomycetes and Ascomycetes). The evidence of these enzymes as alternative targets for antifungal therapy is presented, as is a broad spectrum of Topo I and II inhibitors. Research has revealed the genes responsible for encoding the Topo I and II enzymes of fungal organisms and the amino acid residues and nucleotide residues at the active sites of the enzymes that are involved in the binding mode of topoisomerase inhibitors. Such residues are highly conserved. According to molecular docking studies, antifungal Topo I and II inhibitors have good affinity for the active site of the respective enzymes. The evidence presented in the current review supports the proposal of the suitability of Topo I and II enzymes as molecular targets for new antifungal drugs, which may be used in the future in combined therapies for the treatment of infections caused by fungal organisms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Antifungal Drugs, 2nd Edition)
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