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Remote Sensing Advancements in Sustaining Coastal Zones
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Remote Sensing Advancements in Sustaining Coastal Zones

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Coastal Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2021) | Viewed by 8689

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Majid Nazeer

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Digital Land and Resources, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
Interests: satellite calibration and validation; chlorophyll-a, suspended solids; remote sensing reflectance; red tides; water quality parameters; coastal water quality; atmospheric correction; shoreline change
Dr. Mohammad M. M. Alsahli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Geography, College of Social Sciences, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969 Kuwait, Safat 13060, Kuwait
Interests: marine and coastal remote sensing; spatial modelling; coastal water quality; climate change; remote sensing modelling; marine biogeography; physical geography

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The coastal areas are sensitive marine ecosystems and are of great significance for a country. Due to their aesthetic and economic importance, about 80% of the national population of the world’s coastal cities resides within 100 km of the coastline. Among these coastal cities, there are 15 mega-cities. The higher density of population around the coastal areas compels the overexploitation of natural resources that increases vulnerability of coastal zones to climate change and disturbs coastal ecosystems in different aspects, such as coastal water quality deterioration, shoreline change, and habitat destruction. To understand the dynamics of coastal regions, it is important to improve coastal management by reducing the anthropogenic factors operating over extensive areas of coasts. Satellite remote sensing has been playing an important role in monitoring such changes as it provides a synoptic viewpoint of areas of interest and revisit in a certain timeframe. With the advancements of satellite remote sensing during this decade, several space agencies are making their satellites data sets available to the public at no cost. This has led to the remote sensing of land, ocean and atmosphere at higher spatial resolutions with daily revisit.

This Special Issue is expected to advance our understanding on different factors affecting the coastal areas around the world by implying remote sensing and in situ data sets, i.e., proposing state-of-the-art methods for coastal water quality parameters estimation, shoreline change detection, and implementing new methods of oil spill detections, algal bloom monitoring and other natural/anthropogenic factors affecting the coastal areas. Submissions of recent progress in earth observation for the assessment of risk, vulnerability, and resilience in coastal megacities that apply advanced techniques to analyse the changing patterns in coastal areas are welcome.

Dr. Majid Nazeer
Dr. Mohammad M. M. Alsahli
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • coastal mega-cities
  • remote sensing
  • shoreline change
  • coastal water quality
  • algal blooms
  • oil spills
  • coast sustainability
  • sea level rise
  • coastal biogeography

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 60853 KiB  
Article
Satellite-Derived Topography and Morphological Evolution around Authie Macrotidal Estuary (France)
by Philippe Bagot, Nicolas Huybrechts and Philippe Sergent
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2021, 9(12), 1354; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9121354 - 30 Nov 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1842
Abstract
The wide spatial and temporal coverage of remotely sensing images is an essential asset to analyze the morphological behaviour of fast-changing coastal environments such as estuarine systems. This paper investigates the reliability of intertidal topography mapping around the Authie Bay, a macrotidal estuarine [...] Read more.
The wide spatial and temporal coverage of remotely sensing images is an essential asset to analyze the morphological behaviour of fast-changing coastal environments such as estuarine systems. This paper investigates the reliability of intertidal topography mapping around the Authie Bay, a macrotidal estuarine system located on the northern coast of France. A Satellite-Derived Topography technique is developed by relating the green band reflectance of Sentinel-2 images to rapid variations in topography. This method is well suited to small sedimentary structures of the coastal zone with a 0.30 to 0.35 m height accuracy of the constructed Digital Elevation Model (DEM). For the more complex estuarine configuration, the waterline method was applied and resulted in the construction of DEMs with a height accuracy of 0.35 to 0.38 m. Video animations and records of Authie meander positions along transects are created from Sentinel-2 and Landsat satellite archives (1984–2020). These materials allow to highlight a sedimentation phase at the east side of the spit since 2015. It constrains the main channel towards the eastern bank, thus promoting coastal erosion. The monitoring of a severe erosion phase throughout 2019 shows a 130 m retreat of the coastline. Topographic map differentiation led to the detection of a sedimentation anomaly upstream of the bay, probably linked to this erosion event. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing Advancements in Sustaining Coastal Zones)
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23 pages, 16909 KiB  
Article
Remote Sensing of Narrowing Barrier Islands along the Coast of Pakistan over Past 30 Years
by Shamsa Kanwal, Xiaoli Ding, Muhammad Sajjad, Majid Nazeer and Ibrahim Zia
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2021, 9(3), 295; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9030295 - 08 Mar 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2415
Abstract
Barrier islands (BIs) are the first line of defense against the sea/wave actions in coastal areas, and assessing their stability is crucial in the context of effective coastal planning. Therefore, this study evaluates the spatial–temporal shoreline changes of the BIs in Pakistan over [...] Read more.
Barrier islands (BIs) are the first line of defense against the sea/wave actions in coastal areas, and assessing their stability is crucial in the context of effective coastal planning. Therefore, this study evaluates the spatial–temporal shoreline changes of the BIs in Pakistan over the past three decades (1989–2018). Satellite data from Landsat missions are used to delineate the shorelines of 19 BIs in Pakistan. After delineating the shorelines from satellite observations, two well-known statistical methods (i.e., end point rate (EPR) and linear regression rate (LRR)) are used to capture the localized changes in the BIs. The results ascertain that nearly all of the BIs have experienced noteworthy erosion during the past three decades. While the mean erosion over all the BIs during the study period is estimated to be >6 m/y, significant spatial heterogeneities among the individual BIs exist. The interdecadal comparison indicates that the highest mean erosion of the BIs occurred during the period 1989–1999 (13.03 ± 0.62 m/y), which gradually reduced over the preceding decades (i.e., 7.76 ± 0.62 m/y during the period 1999–2009 and 3.8 ± 0.7 m/y during the period 2009–2018). Nevertheless, ~65% of the total BIs experienced high erosion (>2 m/y), ~15% experienced moderate (<2 m/y), and ~20% experienced low erosion (<1 m/y) during the period 1989-2018. This situation implies that while ~65% of these BIs need immediate interventions from the concerned authorities, the 15% BIs with moderate erosion might experience high erosion in the wake of rising sea levels and decreasing sediment influx in the near future without proper measures. This depletion of the BIs might not only affect Pakistan but also have regional consequences due to their various services. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing Advancements in Sustaining Coastal Zones)
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15 pages, 2340 KiB  
Article
Satellite-Based Monitoring of Annual Coastal Reclamation in Shenzhen and Hong Kong since the 21st Century: A Comparative Study
by Tanxin Feng and Nan Xu
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2021, 9(1), 48; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9010048 - 05 Jan 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3716
Abstract
To solve the shortage of land resources, many coastal cities have implemented coastal reclamation projects over the past few decades. Coastal reclamation can promote the economic development of coastal cities and improve human well-being in coastal zones. However, it can inevitably cause a [...] Read more.
To solve the shortage of land resources, many coastal cities have implemented coastal reclamation projects over the past few decades. Coastal reclamation can promote the economic development of coastal cities and improve human well-being in coastal zones. However, it can inevitably cause a series of ecological and environmental issues, such as coastal water pollution, ecosystem destruction, habitat loss, and land subsidence. Shenzhen and Hong Kong are two large neighboring Chinese coastal cities in southern China with different systems. As densely populated and economically developed cities, they face similar land shortage issues. However, recent coastal reclamation changes in Shenzhen and Hong Kong are unclear under different social and political systems. To fill this gap, this study aimed to monitor and compare recent annual coastal reclamation in Shenzhen and Hong Kong with totally different systems using free and open satellite products. Then, to compare the results of coastal reclamation between Shenzhen and Hong Kong. Large-scale coastal reclamation in Shenzhen and Hong Kong from 2000 to 2018 can be observed. The total area of coastal reclamation was 4140.7 hm2, of which the total coastal reclamation area in Shenzhen was 3409.8 hm2 and the total coastal reclamation area in Hong Kong was 730.9 hm2. Coastal reclamation in Shenzhen showed a temporal characteristic of “increasing slightly and then decreasing sharply”. Before and after 2010, the area of accumulated coastal reclamation were 3202.9 hm2 and 206.9 hm2. Comparatively, coastal reclamation in Hong Kong exhibited a temporal characteristic of “first decreasing and then increasing and then decreasing”. In 2002 and 2014, the scale of coastal reclamation was relatively large, with a total area of 501.8 hm2, accounting for 69.19% of its total area of coastal reclamation. The comparison between our produced coastal reclamation and the official area on coastal reclamation exhibited a good agreement based on correlation analysis (r = 0.99) and RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) (0.72). Since the 21st century, Shenzhen and Hong Kong have shown different, even opposite, policies on coastal reclamation. It will be necessary to continuously monitor future coastal reclamation driven by policies for better conducting sustainable coastal development in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing Advancements in Sustaining Coastal Zones)
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