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Marine Biota Distribution and Biodiversity
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Marine Biota Distribution and Biodiversity

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 4050

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Kosmas Kevrekidis

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Guest Editor
Decentralised Administration of Macedonia-Thrace, Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: fisheries; Crustacea; reproductive biology; marine ecology; fisheries biology; marine biodiversity; population dynamics; invasive species; marine invertebrate biology; taxonomy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Chryssa Anastasiadou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Fisheries Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization—Demeter, Nea Peramos, 64007 Kavala, Greece
Interests: crustacea decapoda; biodiversity; taxonomy; eco-morphology; artificial reefs; decapod fisheries
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Giorgio Mancinelli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies–DiSTeBA, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
Interests: community ecology; food web ecology; invasion ecology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Marine biodiversity plays an important role in providing the ecosystem functions and services which humans derive from the oceans and seas. However, in our era, marine biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are facing a series of unprecedented pressures as a result of human activities. These may have immediate consequences for patterns of biodiversity and, consequently, for the critical ecosystem services they provide. The human impact is substantial and adversely affects marine life and marine habitats through habitat destruction, overexploitation, ocean pollution and especially plastic pollution, ocean acidification, ocean warming and the introduction of invasive species. Marine biota distribution is largely dependent on environmental variables, climate, trophic interactions and dispersal limitations. In particular, climate change is expected to alter both the distribution and the abundance of marine species; nowadays, a considerable number of species appear outside of their well-known distributional limits. However, for species that are less adaptive to environmental changes, this may lead them to possible extinction. Therefore, climate change and biodiversity loss pose new challenges for marine biota worldwide. The purpose of this Special Issue is to publish the novel and high-quality research that contributes to our knowledge on:

a. marine biodiversity structure and functioning at all levels of biological organization from genes, species and populations to ecosystems;

b. marine biota distribution;

c. changes related to natural and anthropogenic environmental pressures that affect marine biota distribution.

Dr. Kosmas Kevrekidis
Dr. Chryssa Anastasiadou
Dr. Giorgio Mancinelli
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • marine biodiversity
  • marine biota distribution
  • marine ecosystems dynamics
  • natural and anthropogenic environmental pressures
  • climate change

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3606 KiB  
Article
DNA Barcoding and Intronic-ORF Structure Analyses of Cultivated Pyropia yezoensis in China: The Genetic Impact under Climate Change
by Guihua Huang, Cuicui Tian, Liangdi Wei, Chuanming Hu, Guangping Xu, Wei Zhou and Yinyin Deng
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1551; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091551 - 5 Sep 2024
Abstract
Pyropia yezoensis is the most widely cultivated and economically important alga. Affected by climate change, the cultivation of P. yezoensis has gradually migrated to the northern coast of China, increasing from 6.8% in 2019 to 19.5% in 2023. To date, the genetic impact [...] Read more.
Pyropia yezoensis is the most widely cultivated and economically important alga. Affected by climate change, the cultivation of P. yezoensis has gradually migrated to the northern coast of China, increasing from 6.8% in 2019 to 19.5% in 2023. To date, the genetic impact of northern migration on cultivation resources has not been assessed and analyzed extensively. Here, DNA barcoding (rbcL and cox1) and the presence/absence of intronic-ORFs in mitochondrial regions (rnl and cox1) were applied to investigate genetic diversity in 44 P. yezoensis specimens from 17 aquaculture farms in China, with comparisons to Korean and Japanese cultivated resources. The lower intraspecific variation was 0.31% for the cox1 gene and 0.14% for the rbcL gene, with three haplotypes, indicating that intensive selection and breeding during cultivation had narrowed the germplasm genetic variation. The intron structure of mitochondrial regions showed that the cultivated resources had 17 phenotypes, and the northern specimens shared 35.3% of genotypes with the southern specimens, indicating that the cultivated P. yezoensis is expanding its cultivation ranges through north migration. Even with lower genetic diversity, the northern area of cultivation had already developed 17.6% site-specific specimens. The genetic diversity of cultivated P. yezoensis from the Northwest Pacific is also discussed. Our work provides a preliminary framework for P. yezoensis breeding and cultivation under climate change. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Biota Distribution and Biodiversity)
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10 pages, 2398 KiB  
Article
Population Characteristics and Habitat Management of the Useful Seaweed Silvetia siliquosa
by Chang Geun Choi, Young Jae Choi, Seong Jae Hong, Jae Ho Lee and Seung Wook Jung
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(9), 1471; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12091471 - 23 Aug 2024
Viewed by 343
Abstract
We aimed to analyze the natural population characteristics and habitat growth conditions of the valuable seaweed Silvetia siliquosa. Its population characteristics and habitat conditions were assessed monthly from May 2022 to April 2023 and April to August 2022, respectively, on selected habitats. [...] Read more.
We aimed to analyze the natural population characteristics and habitat growth conditions of the valuable seaweed Silvetia siliquosa. Its population characteristics and habitat conditions were assessed monthly from May 2022 to April 2023 and April to August 2022, respectively, on selected habitats. The average population density, coverage, and frequency of S. siliquosa were 579 ± 94.18 ind./m2, 27.82 ± 6.92%/m2, and 78.37 ± 5.98/m2, respectively. The average thallus length and width were 47.53 ± 4.35 and 46.33 ± 4.17 mm, respectively, while the branch width, thickness, and frequency were 2.35 ± 0.03 mm, 0.59 ± 0.12 mm, and 2.8 ± 0.2 times, with a receptacle length and width of 24.13 ± 2.07 and 2.81 ± 0.19 mm, respectively. Among the 40 previously known natural habitats of S. siliquosa, growth was confirmed only in Sepo, Sebang, and Bangpo. The causes for the declining S. siliquosa populations could be attributed to habitat changes due to construction, coastal road maintenance projects, habitat disturbances, and increased pollutants. Habitat substrate disturbances and changes were the main causes of the decrease in S. siliquosa growth. Studies on environmental factors and habitat degradation, growth related to environmental factors, mass cultivation, and the marine ecosystem restoration of S. siliquosa are needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Biota Distribution and Biodiversity)
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12 pages, 1162 KiB  
Article
Soft-Shell Production of the Invasive Atlantic Blue Crab Callinectes sapidus in the Lesina Lagoon (SE Italy): A First Assessment
by Lucrezia Cilenti, Nicola Lago, Antonio Oscar Lillo, Daniel Li Veli, Tommaso Scirocco and Giorgio Mancinelli
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(2), 310; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12020310 - 9 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1225
Abstract
The current invasion of the Mediterranean Sea by the Atlantic blue crab Callinectes sapidus requires the implementation of effective strategies of control and management. In native areas, the species is highly appreciated as a hard- and soft-shell seafood, and hard-shell fisheries are developing [...] Read more.
The current invasion of the Mediterranean Sea by the Atlantic blue crab Callinectes sapidus requires the implementation of effective strategies of control and management. In native areas, the species is highly appreciated as a hard- and soft-shell seafood, and hard-shell fisheries are developing in a number of invaded countries. Here, to verify alternative approaches for enhancing the commercial value of the species, we carried out a pilot experiment to test a flow-through system for the production of soft-shell blue crabs. Fifty crabs were collected in the Lesina lagoon (Adriatic Sea, Italy) and inspected for the coloration of the line on the distal edge of the fifth pereiopod. Accordingly, they were grouped into three groups showing no, white, and red lines, symptomatic of the progression of the pre-molt phase, and maintained for 31 days in a flow-through pond system. The overall mortality rate determined during the trial was similar across the three groups and ranged between 10 and 20%, indicating that the flow-through system was effective for rearing the crabs. In addition, the molting rate was 10%, 65%, and 85% for individuals at an early, intermediate, and advanced pre-molt stage, confirming that the line coloration can be used as an effective indicator of the advancement of the molting process. Our study provides the first contribution towards the introduction in the Mediterranean fishery sector of novel procedures and practices for the production of soft-shell blue crabs, which may represent a cost-effective strategy to enhance the capture and commercialization of this invasive species as a high-quality and valuable shellfish product. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Biota Distribution and Biodiversity)
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10 pages, 1463 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Population Genetic Features of the Rhopilema nomadica Jellyfish from the Israeli Mediterranean Coasts
by Jacob Douek, Giovanni Giallongo, Zoya Harbuzov, Bella S. Galil and Baruch Rinkevich
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(1), 171; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12010171 - 16 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1463
Abstract
The rhizostomatid scyphozoan Rhopilema nomadica is one of the most notorious marine invasive species established in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Using seven microsatellite loci, here, we examined the population genetic structures on 587 individual tissue samples collected from 21 sites along the Mediterranean [...] Read more.
The rhizostomatid scyphozoan Rhopilema nomadica is one of the most notorious marine invasive species established in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Using seven microsatellite loci, here, we examined the population genetic structures on 587 individual tissue samples collected from 21 sites along the Mediterranean coast of Israel over a period of 16 years. The results indicate unique microsatellite landscapes for all samples, which belong to a single unstructured population. The >20 alleles found in most loci, low fixation index (F) values (average 0.106), and high heterozygosity (average 0.667) suggest random or assortative mating. Additionally, the low overall differentiation (Fst) values (0.043) and pairwise Fst values between the samples collected in different years indicated gene flow and random mating over the years, potentially due to the long-lasting podocytes, scyphistomae, and adults causing a population overlap between the sampled months/years. Likewise, analyses were conducted between seasons, sites, and early/intermediate/late periods of collecting years. These results support the previous analyses performed on the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences, altogether indicating a highly polymorphic single unstructured R. nomadica population in the Levant, possibly backed by independent introductions. The results hint to the existence of highly functional connectivity with a genetically highly diverse source population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Biota Distribution and Biodiversity)
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