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JMMP
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Spark Plasma Sintering: Mechanisms, Materials, and Technology Developments
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Spark Plasma Sintering: Mechanisms, Materials, and Technology Developments

A special issue of Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing (ISSN 2504-4494).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 9505

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Charles Manière

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, CRISMAT, 14000 Caen, France
Interests: sintering; ceramic additive manufacturing; spark plasma sintering; microwave sintering; sintering modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Mattia Biesuz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
Interests: sintering; field assisted sintering; flash sintering; spark plasma sintering; high entropy; porous ceramics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the last decade, spark plasma sintering (SPS) has emerged to be a very efficient way to fast processing of advanced materials. This led to an evolution in the development of the process through flash spark plasma sintering, high-pressure configurations, low temperature sintering, complex shapes, etc. Nevertheless, these evolutions highlight the challenges of SPS, namely, temperature, pressure, and electrical current homogeneity; scalability; development of complex shapes; and productivity. This Special Issue of JMMP is dedicated to SPS and to new developments of this process. Special attention will be given to studies addressing the main challenges of SPS technology via modeling of the multiphysics fields, understanding the sintering mechanism, the electrical current’s effect on sintering, and the development of innovative SPS approaches. The following topics are encouraged in this Issue:

  • specific sintering mechanisms study;
  • multiphysics/multiscale modeling of SPS;
  • flash sintering;
  • high-pressure SPS;
  • low temperature SPS;
  • complex shapes;
  • SPS potential for production and scalability.

Dr. Charles Manière
Dr. Mattia Biesuz
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 2178 KiB  
Communication
Boronizing of CoCrFeMnNi High-Entropy Alloys Using Spark Plasma Sintering
by Hiroaki Nakajo and Akio Nishimoto
J. Manuf. Mater. Process. 2022, 6(2), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6020029 - 27 Feb 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3186
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the formation of a protective coating on a face-centered cubic high-entropy alloy (HEA). The coating was formed by a diffusion coating method. In the conventional diffusion coating method, the degradation of the mechanical properties of the base material [...] Read more.
In this study, we investigated the formation of a protective coating on a face-centered cubic high-entropy alloy (HEA). The coating was formed by a diffusion coating method. In the conventional diffusion coating method, the degradation of the mechanical properties of the base material owing to prolonged high-temperature treatment is a major issue. Therefore, we formed a ceramic layer using spark plasma sintering (SPS), which suppresses grain growth with rapid heating and enables fast, low-temperature processing. The objective of this study was to form borides on the surface of CoCrFeMnNi HEAs using the SPS method and to investigate their properties. A CoCrFeMnNi HEA prepared by the casting method was used as the base material, and a powdered mixture of B4C and KBF4 was used as the boron source. The analysis of the surfaces of the SPS-treated samples revealed the formation of M2B, MB, and Mn3B4-type borides on the HEA surface. The surface hardness was 2000–2500 HV owing to the formation of a ceramic layer on the HEA surface, and elemental analysis showed that certain elements exhibited characteristic diffusion behaviors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spark Plasma Sintering: Mechanisms, Materials, and Technology Developments)
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16 pages, 9620 KiB  
Article
Spark Plasma Sintering of Electric Discharge Machinable 1.5Yb-1.5Sm-TZP-WC Composites
by Ella Walter, Maximilian Rapp and Frank Kern
J. Manuf. Mater. Process. 2022, 6(2), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6020028 - 24 Feb 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2568
Abstract
Electrically conductive zirconia tungsten carbide composites are attractive materials for manufacturing precision components by electrical discharge machining due to their high strength, toughness and electrical conductivity. In this study, nanocomposite ceramics with a ytterbia samaria co-stabilized zirconia 1.5Yb-1.5Sm-TZP matrix and 24–32 vol.% tungsten [...] Read more.
Electrically conductive zirconia tungsten carbide composites are attractive materials for manufacturing precision components by electrical discharge machining due to their high strength, toughness and electrical conductivity. In this study, nanocomposite ceramics with a ytterbia samaria co-stabilized zirconia 1.5Yb-1.5Sm-TZP matrix and 24–32 vol.% tungsten carbide dispersion were manufactured by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 1400 °C for 15 min at 60 MPa pressure. The materials exhibited high strengths of 1300–1600 MPa, a moderate fracture resistance of 6 MPa√m and an ultrafine microstructure with grain sizes in the 150 nm range. Scanning electron microscopy and RAMAN spectroscopy revealed the in situ formation of carbon during the SPS process and carbon formation scales with tungsten carbide content, and this apparently impedes bending strength. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spark Plasma Sintering: Mechanisms, Materials, and Technology Developments)
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13 pages, 4467 KiB  
Article
Effect of Electric Current on SPS Densification of Spherical Copper Powder
by Romaric Collet, Sophie Le Gallet, Frédéric Charlot, Sabine Lay, Jean-Marc Chaix and Frédéric Bernard
J. Manuf. Mater. Process. 2021, 5(4), 119; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp5040119 - 5 Nov 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2655
Abstract
When a current is involved, as in spark plasma sintering, metallic powders are heated by the Joule effect through both tool and specimen. Other mechanisms might occur, but it is difficult to separate the role of the temperature from the role of the [...] Read more.
When a current is involved, as in spark plasma sintering, metallic powders are heated by the Joule effect through both tool and specimen. Other mechanisms might occur, but it is difficult to separate the role of the temperature from the role of the current inside the sample as, in most cases, the two parameters are not controlled independently. In this paper, the consolidation and the densification of a pure copper powder were studied in three configurations for obtaining different electric current paths: (i) current flowing through both the powder and the die, (ii) current forced into the powder and (iii) no current allowed in the powder. Electrical conductivity measurements showed that even low-density samples displayed higher conductivities than graphite by several orders of magnitude. FEM simulations confirmed that these copper specimens were mainly heated by the graphite punches. No modification of the microstructure by the flow of current could be observed. However, the absence of current in the specimen led to a decrease in densification. No significant temperature difference was modeled between the configurations, suggesting that differences are not linked to a thermal cause but rather to a current effect. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spark Plasma Sintering: Mechanisms, Materials, and Technology Developments)
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