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J. Intell.
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Intelligence, Where to Look, Where to Go?
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Intelligence, Where to Look, Where to Go?

A special issue of Journal of Intelligence (ISSN 2079-3200).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2014) | Viewed by 147321

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Paul De Boeck

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, KU Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
Interests: item response theory; mixed models; intelligence; personality; individual differences
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The first issue of the Journal of Intelligence was devoted to a discussion based on the following two questions:

  1. What are the most important scientific issues in the domain of human intelligence?
  2. What are the most promising new ideas and approaches in the study of human intelligence?

To begin this discussion, members of the editorial board of our journal have sent their answers to the above questions. Next, the same two questions, and the various answers to them, have served as input for two invited articles published in this issue, one by Wendy Johnson, and another by Earl Hunt and Susanne Jaeggi. These were the first steps in a discussion on scientific issues and approaches in the study of human intelligence. Two more steps were planned, the first of which is already realized. Members of the editorial board and prominent scholars from the field of intelligence have submitted commentaries with their own answers to the two questions or with conderations inspired by the two articles. As a final step, we are glad to invite now all reseachers from the field and from neighboring fields to submit such commentaries. All comments will be reviewed by two external reviewers.

Paul De Boeck

Submission

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. Papers will be published continuously (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are refereed through a peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on theInstructions for Authors page. Journal of Intelligence is an international peer-reviewed Open Access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (15 papers)

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Editorial

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880 KiB  
Editorial
Intelligence, Where to Look, Where to Go?
by Paul De Boeck
J. Intell. 2013, 1(1), 5-24; https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence1010005 - 23 Oct 2013
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 8231
Abstract
The first issue of the Journal of Intelligence is devoted to a discussion based on the following two questions: 1. What are the most important scientific issues in the domain of human intelligence? 2. What are the most promising new ideas and approaches [...] Read more.
The first issue of the Journal of Intelligence is devoted to a discussion based on the following two questions: 1. What are the most important scientific issues in the domain of human intelligence? 2. What are the most promising new ideas and approaches in the study of human intelligence? [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligence, Where to Look, Where to Go?)

Other

Jump to: Editorial

93 KiB  
Commentary
Zeroing in on the Genetics of Intelligence
by Ruben C. Arslan and Lars Penke
J. Intell. 2015, 3(2), 41-45; https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence3020041 - 20 Apr 2015
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 10891
Abstract
Despite the high heritability of intelligence in the normal range, molecular genetic studies have so far yielded many null findings. However, large samples and self-imposed stringent standards have prevented false positives and gradually narrowed down where effects can still be expected. Rare variants [...] Read more.
Despite the high heritability of intelligence in the normal range, molecular genetic studies have so far yielded many null findings. However, large samples and self-imposed stringent standards have prevented false positives and gradually narrowed down where effects can still be expected. Rare variants and mutations of large effect do not appear to play a main role beyond intellectual disability. Common variants can account for about half the heritability of intelligence and show promise that collaborative efforts will identify more causal genetic variants. Gene–gene interactions may explain some of the remainder, but are only starting to be tapped. Evolutionarily, stabilizing selection and selective (near)-neutrality are consistent with the facts known so far. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligence, Where to Look, Where to Go?)
159 KiB  
Comment
Are Humans the Most Intelligent Species?
by Robert P. Erickson
J. Intell. 2014, 2(3), 119-121; https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence2030119 - 22 Sep 2014
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 16750
Abstract
Hunt and Jaeggi [1] nicely summarize the point that within the academic field of intelligence, we do not have a commonly understandable definition of what intelligence is. Still the term is used extensively and with consensus to the effect that humans are the [...] Read more.
Hunt and Jaeggi [1] nicely summarize the point that within the academic field of intelligence, we do not have a commonly understandable definition of what intelligence is. Still the term is used extensively and with consensus to the effect that humans are the most intelligent species. An example is given of this problem, and a definition and solution are suggested. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligence, Where to Look, Where to Go?)
156 KiB  
Comment
A New Era of Intelligence Research
by Andrew R. A. Conway
J. Intell. 2014, 2(2), 33-35; https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence2020033 - 8 Apr 2014
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 7218
Abstract
A consensus definition of intelligence remains elusive but there are many reasons to believe that the field of intelligence is entering a new era of significant progress. The convergence of recent advances in psychometrics, cognitive psychology, and neuroscience has set the stage for [...] Read more.
A consensus definition of intelligence remains elusive but there are many reasons to believe that the field of intelligence is entering a new era of significant progress. The convergence of recent advances in psychometrics, cognitive psychology, and neuroscience has set the stage for the development of stronger theories and more sophisticated models. The establishment of a new open access journal as an outlet for new intelligence research is evidence that the new era has begun. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligence, Where to Look, Where to Go?)
171 KiB  
Comment
Assessing and Revising the Plan for Intelligence Testing
by Evie Vergauwe and Nelson Cowan
J. Intell. 2014, 2(2), 29-32; https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence2020029 - 4 Apr 2014
Viewed by 7053
Abstract
This brief commentary suggests that the usefulness of the concept of intelligence might depend on how one defines intelligence and on whether one is using it for scientific or practical purposes. Furthermore, it is suggested that the concept of working memory must not [...] Read more.
This brief commentary suggests that the usefulness of the concept of intelligence might depend on how one defines intelligence and on whether one is using it for scientific or practical purposes. Furthermore, it is suggested that the concept of working memory must not be overlooked when considering individual differences in intelligence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligence, Where to Look, Where to Go?)
164 KiB  
Comment
All We Need Is Brain (and Technology)
by Roberto Colom
J. Intell. 2014, 2(1), 26-28; https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence2010026 - 14 Mar 2014
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 6530
Abstract
Here, I suggest we must invest our scientific resources in brain research. Scientists interested in human (and non-human) intelligence should frame their key questions regarding where to look and where to go around technical advances related to the fascinating, general purpose, highly dynamic [...] Read more.
Here, I suggest we must invest our scientific resources in brain research. Scientists interested in human (and non-human) intelligence should frame their key questions regarding where to look and where to go around technical advances related to the fascinating, general purpose, highly dynamic device we call the ‘brain’. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligence, Where to Look, Where to Go?)
283 KiB  
Comment
Predictive Validity of Non-g Residuals of Tests: More Than g
by Thomas R. Coyle
J. Intell. 2014, 2(1), 21-25; https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence2010021 - 11 Mar 2014
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 7759
Abstract
This comment argues that an important issue in intelligence research is to identify constructs with validity beyond g, and that non-g residuals of tests represent a promising target. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligence, Where to Look, Where to Go?)
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182 KiB  
Comment
New Directions in Intelligence Research: Avoiding the Mistakes of the Past
by Zuowei Wang, Benjamin Katz and Priti Shah
J. Intell. 2014, 2(1), 16-20; https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence2010016 - 7 Mar 2014
Viewed by 6636
Abstract
This brief commentary considers the potential for new directions in intelligence research, as well as possible pitfalls associated with these approaches. Specifically, this commentary focuses on the use of big data in intelligence research, the study of genes and gene-environment interactions, the interpretation [...] Read more.
This brief commentary considers the potential for new directions in intelligence research, as well as possible pitfalls associated with these approaches. Specifically, this commentary focuses on the use of big data in intelligence research, the study of genes and gene-environment interactions, the interpretation of neuroscience evidence, and the effectiveness of intelligence interventions. The major pitfalls identified include methodological and data analytic limitations, as well as concerns regarding the communication of findings to other scientists and the lay public. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligence, Where to Look, Where to Go?)
180 KiB  
Comment
Intelligence Is What the Intelligence Test Measures. Seriously
by Han L. J. Van der Maas, Kees-Jan Kan and Denny Borsboom
J. Intell. 2014, 2(1), 12-15; https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence2010012 - 28 Feb 2014
Cited by 68 | Viewed by 29954
Abstract
The mutualism model, an alternative for the g-factor model of intelligence, implies a formative measurement model in which “g” is an index variable without a causal role. If this model is accurate, the search for a genetic of brain instantiation [...] Read more.
The mutualism model, an alternative for the g-factor model of intelligence, implies a formative measurement model in which “g” is an index variable without a causal role. If this model is accurate, the search for a genetic of brain instantiation of “g” is deemed useless. This also implies that the (weighted) sum score of items of an intelligence test is just what it is: a weighted sum score. Preference for one index above the other is a pragmatic issue that rests mainly on predictive value. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligence, Where to Look, Where to Go?)
172 KiB  
Comment
Assessing Cognitive Abilities: Intelligence and More
by Keith E. Stanovich
J. Intell. 2014, 2(1), 8-11; https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence2010008 - 12 Feb 2014
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 7394
Abstract
In modern cognitive science, rationality and intelligence are measured using different tasks and operations. Furthermore, in several contemporary dual process theories of cognition, rationality is a more encompassing construct than intelligence. Researchers need to continue to develop measures of rational thought without regard [...] Read more.
In modern cognitive science, rationality and intelligence are measured using different tasks and operations. Furthermore, in several contemporary dual process theories of cognition, rationality is a more encompassing construct than intelligence. Researchers need to continue to develop measures of rational thought without regard to empirical correlations with intelligence. The measurement of individual differences in rationality should not be subsumed by the intelligence concept. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligence, Where to Look, Where to Go?)
164 KiB  
Comment
Intelligence: Pre-Theory and Post-Theory
by James R. Flynn
J. Intell. 2014, 2(1), 6-7; https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence2010006 - 12 Feb 2014
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 6762
Abstract
Defining “intelligence” exemplifies a mistake that has historical precedent: confusing the role of pre-theory and post-theory definitions. In every area, pre-theory concepts give broad directions for investigation: are the movements of heavenly bodies affected by the existence of other heavenly bodies? Post-theory concepts [...] Read more.
Defining “intelligence” exemplifies a mistake that has historical precedent: confusing the role of pre-theory and post-theory definitions. In every area, pre-theory concepts give broad directions for investigation: are the movements of heavenly bodies affected by the existence of other heavenly bodies? Post-theory concepts add precision and predictability. The mistake occurs when a successful theory like Newton’s demands that its peculiar and precise theory-imbedded concept forbids competing theories: Einstein was impossible (warping of space) so long as it was assumed that all theories must be in accord with Newton’s concept (attraction across space). In psychology, Arthur Jensen made the same mistake. He gave his theory-embedded concept of g the role of executioner: the significance of every phenomenon had to be interpreted by its compatibility with g; and thus trivialized the significance of IQ gains over time. This is only one instance of a perennial demand: give us a precise definition of “intelligence” to guide our research. However, precision comes after research has generated a theory and its very precision stifles competing research. Be happy with a broad definition on the pre-theory level that lets many competing theories bloom: pre-theory precision equals post-theory poverty. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligence, Where to Look, Where to Go?)
157 KiB  
Comment
Intelligence as Trait—and State?
by Robert J. Sternberg
J. Intell. 2014, 2(1), 4-5; https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence2010004 - 11 Feb 2014
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 6372
Abstract
We tend to think of intelligence as trait-like. However, with increasing use of psychoactive drugs that enhance performance on psychometric tests of intelligence, investigators need to think of intelligence also as having state-like properties. Questions of the ethics of such drug use will [...] Read more.
We tend to think of intelligence as trait-like. However, with increasing use of psychoactive drugs that enhance performance on psychometric tests of intelligence, investigators need to think of intelligence also as having state-like properties. Questions of the ethics of such drug use will need to be faced in the field of high-stakes psychometric testing as they now are being faced in professional athletics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligence, Where to Look, Where to Go?)
35 KiB  
Comment
Looking at Intelligence from So-Called Noncognitive Traits: Be Open to Change
by Matthias Ziegler
J. Intell. 2014, 2(1), 1-3; https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence2010001 - 22 Jan 2014
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 6179
Abstract
Within this commentary, I will try to extend the views presented in Johnson’s, as well as Hunt and Jaeggi’s, commentaries. Both commentaries address the issue of intelligence development. I will try to broaden the discussion by including noncognitive traits as predictors of cognitive [...] Read more.
Within this commentary, I will try to extend the views presented in Johnson’s, as well as Hunt and Jaeggi’s, commentaries. Both commentaries address the issue of intelligence development. I will try to broaden the discussion by including noncognitive traits as predictors of cognitive development. These ideas are founded within the environmental enrichment hypothesis and the Openness-Fluid-Crystallized-Intelligence (OFCI) model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligence, Where to Look, Where to Go?)
258 KiB  
Commentary
Challenges for Research on Intelligence
by Earl Hunt and Susanne M. Jaeggi
J. Intell. 2013, 1(1), 36-54; https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence1010036 - 23 Oct 2013
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 10911
Abstract
After 100 years of research, the definition of the field is still inadequate. The biggest challenge we see is moving away from a de-factor definition of intelligence in terms of test scores, but at the same time making clear what the boundaries of [...] Read more.
After 100 years of research, the definition of the field is still inadequate. The biggest challenge we see is moving away from a de-factor definition of intelligence in terms of test scores, but at the same time making clear what the boundaries of the field are. We then present four challenges for the field, two within a biological and two within a social context. These revolve around the issues of the malleability of intelligence and its display in everyday life, outside of a formal testing context. We conclude that developments in cognitive neuroscience and increases in the feasibility of monitoring behavior outside of the context of a testing session offer considerable hope for expansion of our both the biological and social aspects of individual differences in cognition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligence, Where to Look, Where to Go?)
209 KiB  
Commentary
Whither Intelligence Research?
by Wendy Johnson
J. Intell. 2013, 1(1), 25-35; https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence1010025 - 23 Oct 2013
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 7603
Abstract
Today we have many exciting new technological tools that allow us to observe the brain and genome and lure us into new kinds of studies. I believe, however, that we will not be able to make truly effective use of these tools until [...] Read more.
Today we have many exciting new technological tools that allow us to observe the brain and genome and lure us into new kinds of studies. I believe, however, that we will not be able to make truly effective use of these tools until we understand better what it is we mean to measure when we measure intelligence, how it develops, and the impact of the clear presence of gene-environment correlation on its development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligence, Where to Look, Where to Go?)
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