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Maxillomandibular Growth, Reconstruction and Rehabilitation: Orthodontic, Prosthodontic and Surgical Interventions from Childhood to Adulthood

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A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Dentistry, Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2026 | Viewed by 2936

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Kamila Chęcińska

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National Medical Institute of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Wołoska 137, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: artificial intelligence; bone regeneration; temporomandibular joint disorders; maxillofacial radiology; oral and maxillofacial surgery; orthodontics and orthognathic surgery; dental prostheses and implants

Dr. Maciej Sikora

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Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of the Ministry of Interior, Wojska Polskiego 51, 25-375 Kielce, Poland
Interests: artificial intelligence; bone regeneration; temporomandibular joint disorders; maxillofacial radiology; oral and maxillofacial surgery; oral and maxillofacial infections
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue focuses on maxillomandibular growth, reconstruction, and rehabilitation, exploring orthodontic, prosthodontic, and surgical interventions from childhood to adulthood. It explores the normal and abnormal growth patterns of the maxilla and mandible, aiming to gain a deeper understanding of craniofacial development. Surgical techniques for reconstruction after trauma or disease, along with prosthodontic rehabilitation methods, are covered. By integrating these aspects, the issue provides comprehensive strategies to address maxillomandibular problems at different life stages, improving patients' oral function and quality of life.

Dr. Kamila Chęcińska
Dr. Maciej Sikora
Guest Editors

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Keywords

maxillomandibular growth
orthodontics
prosthodontics
surgical interventions
childhood
adulthood
reconstruction
rehabilitation

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 5344 KB

Open AccessArticle

CBCT Volumetric Changes in Combined Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses Following RAMPA-ROA Therapy: A Retrospective Cohort Study with Reference to Longitudinal Growth Data

by Yasushi Mitani, Yuko Okai-Kojima, Mohammad Moshfeghi, Tonogi Morio, Shouhei Ogisawa and Bumkyoo Choi

J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(7), 2605; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15072605 - 29 Mar 2026

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Abstract

Background: The interrelationship between craniofacial morphology and respiratory function is a central focus of orthodontic and dentofacial orthopedic research. This study aimed to evaluate the volumetric changes in the sinonasal complex (combined nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses) following Right Angle Maxillary Protraction Appliance (RAMPA) therapy using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to compare these outcomes with established longitudinal growth benchmarks. Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on 60 pediatric patients (24 males, 36 females; mean age: 86.60 ± 24.22 months) with radiologically clear paranasal sinuses at baseline (T1). Participants underwent RAMPA therapy for an average of 8.38 months. Volumetric quantification of the entire sinonasal complex—including the nasal cavity and all four paranasal sinuses (maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid, and frontal)—was performed to ensure methodological alignment with existing normative growth data. Results: Total sinonasal volume increased significantly from 27,741.63 ± 10,675.85 mm³ at T1 to 32,248.00 ± 10,084.07 mm³ at T2 (p < 0.001), representing a mean gain of 4506.37 mm³ (16.24%). Notably, the annualized growth velocity under RAMPA therapy (6453 mm³/year) exceeded the physiological increment of age-matched normative data (~5418 mm³/year) by approximately 1.2 times. Despite a constricted baseline at T1 compared to normative values, the treatment group demonstrated a rapid “catch-up” growth trajectory. Conclusions: RAMPA therapy induces rapid and significant volumetric expansion of the sinonasal complex in pediatric patients, demonstrating a potent “acceleration effect” that surpasses natural physiological maturation. These findings suggest that orthopedic midfacial remodeling can effectively restructure the upper respiratory environment, bridging the gap between pathological constriction and normative developmental benchmarks in patients with maxillary hypoplasia. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Maxillomandibular Growth, Reconstruction and Rehabilitation: Orthodontic, Prosthodontic and Surgical Interventions from Childhood to Adulthood)

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15 pages, 917 KB

Open AccessArticle

Longitudinal Skeletal and Dental Changes in Untreated Children with Angle Class I and III Malocclusions: A Retrospective Cephalometric Cohort Study

by Joud A. S. Aljabr and Nabeel Almotairy

J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(22), 8037; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14228037 - 13 Nov 2025

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1476

Abstract

Background: Class III malocclusion presents complex craniofacial growth patterns, yet longitudinal evidence remains limited compared with Class I malocclusion. This study compared skeletal and dental changes in children with untreated Angle Class I and Class III malocclusions. Methods: Forty-eight untreated children (24 Angle Class I and 24 Angle Class III) from the AAOF Craniofacial Growth Legacy Collections were included. Lateral cephalograms were taken at ages 4–5 (T0), 7–8 (T1), 10–11 (T2), and 13–14 (T3). Because the radiographs originated from heterogeneous mid-20th-century X-ray equipment with unknown magnification factors, only angular measurements were used. Cephalometric tracing was conducted using WebCeph™ software with good-to-excellent intra-examiner reliability (κ = 0.71–0.98). Growth changes were assessed using three-way repeated-measures ANOVA, with effect sizes (ηp²), mean differences (MDs), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) calculated. Results: Significant differences in growth patterns were observed between the groups. Class III children showed greater FMA (MD = 6.0°, 95% CI [2.3, 9.7], p < 0.05) and gonial angles (MD = 8.1°, 95% CI [3.4, 12.8], p < 0.01) at T3, alongside a progressive decrease in ANB (MD = −2.6°, 95% CI [−5.5, −0.3], p < 0.01) and A–B mandibular angles (MD = −9.5°, 95% CI [−13.1, −5.9], p < 0.05). Class III children also exhibited significant upper incisor proclination and lower incisor retroclination (p < 0.001) compared to Class I children. No sex-related differences were observed, except for an SNA angle increase among Class I males (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Distinct craniofacial growth trajectories were observed between malocclusion classes, with Class III children showing progressive sagittal and vertical divergence from normal growth. The results highlight the need for early detection and monitoring of those at risk for pronounced Class III patterns. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Maxillomandibular Growth, Reconstruction and Rehabilitation: Orthodontic, Prosthodontic and Surgical Interventions from Childhood to Adulthood)

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Review

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17 pages, 1344 KB

Open AccessReview

Virtual Surgical Planning (VSP) in Orthognathic Surgery for Non-Syndromic Cleft Patients: A Scoping Review of Trends and Clinical Outcomes

by Jacek Drążek, Filip Bliźniak, Karolina Lubecka, Joanna Wołoszyn, Mateusz Kęska, Maciej Chęciński, Mariusz Szuta and Maciej Sikora

J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(2), 911; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15020911 - 22 Jan 2026

Viewed by 670

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Isolated cleft lips and/or palates often require orthognathic treatment. Traditional planning based on 2D images and plaster models limits precision; therefore, virtual surgical planning (VSP) and Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technologies are increasingly being used. The aim of this scoping review was to analyze the techniques, outcomes, and gaps in research on VSP in orthognathics for patients with isolated (non-syndromic) clefts. Methods: Searches were conducted in July 2025 in seven databases (including PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane) without language restrictions, in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews. Of the 2836 records, 36 publications were eligible after deduplication and full-text screening, and their Level of Evidence (LoE) was assessed using the Oxford CEBM scale. A risk of bias assessment was also conducted according to JBI tools. Results: The identified studies primarily comprised LoE III and IV; there were no systematic reviews or randomized controlled trials (LoE I). Descriptions of bimaxillary procedures and LeFort I osteotomies dominated. The most commonly used software was ProPlan CMF, Dolphin 3D, and Rhinoceros, although other tools have emerged in recent years. The available studies suggest that VSP increases translational and rotational accuracy and facilitates individualized treatment, and bimaxillary procedures bring better functional and aesthetic outcomes in patients with severe maxillary hypoplasia. Conclusions: Despite the growing interest in VSP in orthognathics, the scientific evidence is limited and mostly of lower quality. Well-designed prospective studies are needed to assess the long-term stability, quality of life, and cost-effectiveness of modern technologies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Maxillomandibular Growth, Reconstruction and Rehabilitation: Orthodontic, Prosthodontic and Surgical Interventions from Childhood to Adulthood)

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