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Pediatric Cardiology: Clinical Insights, Diagnostic Advances, and Therapeutic Challenges

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Pediatrics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 October 2026 | Viewed by 231

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pediatric cardiology continues to evolve rapidly, integrating advanced diagnostic modalities, innovative interventional techniques, and translational research to improve outcomes for children with congenital and acquired heart disease. This Special Issue will provide a comprehensive overview of current clinical challenges and emerging solutions in pediatric cardiovascular medicine. We welcome original research articles and reviews addressing congenital heart defects, cardiomyopathies, arrhythmias, cardiac imaging, interventional cardiology, heart failure, preventive cardiology, and long-term follow-up in pediatric cardiac patients.

An emphasis will be placed on multidisciplinary management strategies, early diagnosis, precision medicine, and the transition of care into adulthood. By bringing together contributions from clinicians and researchers worldwide, this Special Issue will bridge the gap between bench and bedside, fostering innovation and improving evidence-based practice in pediatric cardiology.

Dr. Corina Maria Vasile
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pediatric cardiology
  • congenital heart disease
  • cardiac imaging
  • pediatric arrhythmias
  • interventional cardiology
  • cardiomyopathy
  • heart failure in children
  • precision medicine
  • long-term outcomes
  • transition of care

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

17 pages, 5176 KB  
Review
The Autophagy–Inflammation Axis in Kawasaki Disease: Pathogenic Mechanisms and Translational Opportunities
by Qian Xu, Yali Wu and Yan Ding
J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(10), 3918; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15103918 - 19 May 2026
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) represents the foremost cause of acquired pediatric heart disease, with coronary artery injury being the principal factor contributing to adverse prognoses. A significant clinical challenge is that 20–30% of patients demonstrate resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), which markedly elevates the [...] Read more.
Kawasaki disease (KD) represents the foremost cause of acquired pediatric heart disease, with coronary artery injury being the principal factor contributing to adverse prognoses. A significant clinical challenge is that 20–30% of patients demonstrate resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), which markedly elevates the risk of coronary artery lesions and long-term cardiovascular sequelae. Consequently, there is an urgent need to investigate novel pathogenic mechanisms beyond the conventional cytokine storm theory and to identify effective therapeutic targets. This review systematically summarizes the key role of the autophagy–inflammation axis in KD vasculopathy. Current evidence indicates that defective mitophagy and lysosomal dysfunction induce mitochondrial DNA release, resulting in overactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and cGAS-STING pathways, which amplify inflammatory responses and aggravate endothelial damage. The regulation of this axis is dynamic during both the acute and recovery phases and is influenced by metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic modifications, which may partially explain the lack of response to IVIG. Pharmacological agents, such as rapamycin and metformin, as well as natural compounds, such as resveratrol and urolithin A, have demonstrated beneficial anti-inflammatory effects in preclinical studies. Targeting the autophagy–inflammation axis represents a significant research direction with the potential to evolve into a promising therapeutic strategy. Mechanistically, restoring the balance of the autophagy–inflammation axis holds promise for mitigating coronary complications and improving long-term cardiovascular outcomes in children with KD; however, this prospect requires validation through prospective clinical studies. Full article
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