Journal of Clinical Medicine

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Dr. Athanassios A. Kyrgidis

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Guest Editor

Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, R.G.H. "George Papanikolaou", Exohi, Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: skin cancer; head and neck cancer; melanoma; clinical pharmacology; patient-reported-outcome-measures; clinical biomarkers; prognostic factors; epidemiology; oral and maxillofacial surgery
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Dr. Aimilios Lallas

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Guest Editor

First Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: melanoma; skin cancer; basal cell carcinoma; squamous cell carcinoma; dermoscopy; dermatoscopy; diagnosis; nevi
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Skin cancer incidence is increasing. Different forms of skin cancer include melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma, each with varying degrees of severity and treatment requirements. The economic impact of skin cancer is substantial, as it involves not only the direct expenses associated with diagnosis and treatment, but also the long-term management of survivors and the prevention efforts required to reduce its incidence. Consequently, healthcare systems require considerable financial resources, specialized personnel, and infrastructure to meet the growing demand for skin cancer care and mitigate its profound impact on patients and society as a whole.

Skin cancer can significantly impact the quality of life of individuals, as it may lead to physical discomfort, disfigurement, emotional distress, and limitations in daily activities due to the disease itself or the necessary treatments. The treatment outcomes are important as new treatments emerge that need to be administered to patients on the grounds of sufficient evidence.

Accordingly, a Special Issue called “Skin Cancer: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment” is announced. This Special Issue calls for original research and systematic reviews that investigate clinical, dermoscopic, diagnostic, or therapeutic features of skin cancers and their impact on the quality of life of affected patients.

Dr. Athanassios A. Kyrgidis
Dr. Aimilios Lallas
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

skin cancer
melanoma
squamous cell carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma
clinical biomarkers
dermoscopy
quality of life

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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25 pages, 1300 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Primary Cutaneous Melanoma—Management in 2024

by Anthony Joseph Dixon, Michael Sladden, Christos C. Zouboulis, Catalin M. Popescu, Alexander Nirenberg, Howard K. Steinman, Caterina Longo, Zoe Lee Dixon and Joseph Meirion Thomas

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(6), 1607; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13061607 - 11 Mar 2024

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Abstract

Background: Maximizing survival for patients with primary cutaneous melanomas (melanomas) depends on an early diagnosis and appropriate management. Several new drugs have been shown to improve survival in high-risk melanoma patients. Despite well-documented guidelines, many patients do not receive optimal management, particularly when considering patient age. Objective: to provide an update on melanoma management from the time of the decision to biopsy a suspicious skin lesion. Methods: We reviewed melanoma-management research published between 2018 and 2023 and identified where such findings impact and update the management of confirmed melanomas. Pubmed, Google Scholar, Ovid and Cochrane Library were used as search tools. Results: We identified 81 publications since 2017 that have changed melanoma management; 11 in 2018, 12 in 2019, 10 in 2020, 12 in 2021, 17 in 2022 and 18 in 2023. Discussion: Delayed or inaccurate diagnosis is more likely to occur when a partial shave or punch biopsy is used to obtain the histopathology. Wherever feasible, a local excision with a narrow margin should be the biopsy method of choice for a suspected melanoma. The Breslow thickness of the melanoma remains the single most important predictor of outcome, followed by patient age and then ulceration. The BAUSSS biomarker, (Breslow thickness, Age, Ulceration, Subtype, Sex and Site) provides a more accurate method of determining mortality risk than older currently employed approaches, including sentinel lymph node biopsy. Patients with metastatic melanomas and/or nodal disease should be considered for adjuvant drug therapy (ADT). Further, high-risk melanoma patients are increasingly considered for ADT, even without disease spread. Invasive melanomas less than 1 mm thick are usually managed with a radial excision margin of 10 mms of normal skin. If the thickness is 1 to 2 mm, select a radial margin of 10 to 20 mm. When the Breslow thickness is over 2 mm, a 20 mm clinical margin is usually undertaken. In situ melanomas are usually managed with a 5 to 10 mm margin or Mohs margin control surgery. Such wide excisions around a given melanoma is the only surgery that can be regarded as therapeutic and required. Patients who have had one melanoma are at increased risk of another melanoma. Ideal ongoing management includes regular lifelong skin checks. Total body photography should be considered if the patient has many naevi, especially when atypical/dysplastic naevi are identified. Targeted approaches to improve occupational or lifestyle exposure to ultraviolet light are important. Management also needs to include the consideration of vitamin D supplementary therapy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Skin Cancer: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment)

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Other

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14 pages, 6602 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Dermoscopy of Umbilical Lesions—A Systematic Review

by Jakub Żółkiewicz, Martyna Sławińska, Urszula Maińska, Roman J. Nowicki, Michał Sobjanek and Luc Thomas

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(6), 1790; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13061790 - 20 Mar 2024

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Abstract

Background: The umbilicus is a fibrous remnant located in the centre of the abdomen. Various entities may be encountered in this special anatomical location; however, little is known about their dermoscopic presentation. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive summary of existing evidence on dermoscopic features of umbilical lesions. Methods: Studies assessing dermoscopic images of umbilical lesions were included in this study. No age, ethnicity or skin phototype restrictions were applied. Papers assessing lesions outside of the umbilical area, lacking dermoscopic images and/or dermoscopic description and not related to the topic were excluded. Embase, Medline and Cochrane Library were searched from inception to the end of May 2023. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools were used to evaluate the risk of bias of the selected studies. The quality and the level of evidence of included studies were assessed according to the Oxford 2011 Levels of Evidence. Thirty-four studies reporting a total of 39 lesions met the inclusion criteria and were included in qualitative analysis. Results: A qualitative synthesis of the following entities was performed: melanoma, nevi, basal cell carcinoma, fibroepithelioma of Pinkus, Sister Mary Joseph nodule, mycosis fungoides, dermatofibroma, endometriosis, epidermal cyst, granuloma, intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia, lichen planus, omphalolith, seborrheic keratosis, and syringoma. Conclusions: Dermoscopy is a non-invasive technique that may be useful in the differential diagnosis of umbilical lesions. The main limitations of this study were lack of a high level of evidence in the studies and the lack of uniformity in applied dermoscopic terminology between included studies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Skin Cancer: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment)

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