Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: Dermatoscopic Diagnostic Clues in Mexican Individuals Based on Fitzpatrick Skin Phototypes
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methodology
2.1. Selection of Patients
2.2. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Limitations
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Total % (n = 53) | |
---|---|
Patient age (years) | 69.37 ± 14.18 |
Sex | |
Female | 45.3 (24) |
Male | 54.7 (29) |
Skin phototype | |
II | 15.1 (8) |
III | 60.4 (32) |
IV | 24.5 (13) |
Sun exposure history | 100 (53) |
Use of sun protection | 0 |
Duration of lesion (years) | 2.39 ± 1.57 |
Symptoms | |
Asymptomatic | 52.8 (28) |
Pruritus | 30.2 (16) |
Pain | 17.0 (9) |
Morphology type | |
Nodular | 26.6 (14) |
Ulcerated nodular | 5.7 (3) |
Nodular with telangiectasias | 1.9 (1) |
Papule | 5.7 (3) |
Pigmented papule | 1.9 (1) |
Patch shape | 11.3 (6) |
Warty appearance | 1.9 (1) |
Exulceration | 41.5 (22) |
Neoformation | 1.9 (1) |
Exophytic tumor mass | 1.9 (1) |
Ulcerated lesions | 32.1 (17) |
Non-ulcerated lesions | 56.6 (30) |
Partially ulcerated lesions | 11.3 (6) |
Pattern Analysis of Lesions Pigmented by Melanin | BCC % (n = 43) | SCC % (n = 9) | Ulcerate % (n = 28) | Non-Ulcerate % (n = 25) | Nodular % (n = 32) | Non-Nodular % (n = 21) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pigmented lesion | 60.5 (26) * | 0 | 50.0 (14) | 48.0 (12) | 65.6 (21) ** | 23.8 (5) |
Monomorphic | 30.2 (13) | 55.6 (5) | 28.6 (8) | 40.0 (10) | 31.3 (10) | 38.1 (8) |
Polymorphic | 67.4 (29) | 44.4 (4) | 71.4 (20) | 56.0 (14) | 65.6 (21) | 61.9 (13) |
Pigmented areas | 32.6 (14) | 33.3 (3) | 32.1 (9) | 32.0 (8) | 46.9 (15) | 28.6 (6) |
Clods (includes dots) | 7.0 (3) | 0 | 3.6 (1) | 8.0 (2) | 9.4 (3) | 0 |
Depigmented areas | 14.0 (6) | 0 | 10.7 (3) | 12.0 (3) | 6.3 (2) | 19.0 (4) |
White structures | 65.1 (28) | 66.7 (6) | 57.1 (16) | 72.0 (18) | 59.4 (19) | 71.4 (15) |
Ulcerated Tumors % (n = 28) | Non-Ulcerated Tumors % (n = 25) | pa | pa′ | pb | pb′ | pc | pc′ | pd | pd′ | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | BCC % (n = 24) | SCC % (n = 3) | BCC % (n = 19) | SCC % (n = 6) | ||||||||
Symptoms Associated | ||||||||||||
Asymptomatic | 58.3 (14) | 33.3 (1) | 57.9 (11) | 33.3 (2) | ||||||||
Pruritus | 25.0 (6) | 33.3 (1) | 36.8 (7) | 16.7 (1) | ||||||||
Pain | 16.7 (4) | 33.3 (1) | 5.3 (1) | 50.0 (3) | 0.009 | 0.03 | ||||||
Edges of the lesion | ||||||||||||
Well defined | 12.5 (3) | 0 | 52.6 (10) | 16.7 (1) | 0.004 | 0.007 | ||||||
Irregular | 37.5 (9) | 0 | 15.8 (3) | 16.7 (1) | 0.051 | |||||||
Poorly defined | 37.5 (9) | 100 (3) | 26.3 (5) | 66.7 (4) | 0.073 | |||||||
Melanin pigment | ||||||||||||
Monomorphous | 25.0 (6) | 66.7 (2) | 36.8 (7) | 50.0 (3) | ||||||||
Polymorphous | 75.0 (18) | 33.3 (1) | 57.9 (11) | 50.0 (3) | ||||||||
Pigmented areas | 37.5 (9) | 66.7 (2) | 42.1 (8) | 33.3 (2) | ||||||||
Gray or blue color | 8.3 (2) | 0 | 10.5 (2) | 0 | ||||||||
Dotted pigment | 79.2 (19) | 0 | 42.1 (8) | 83.3 (5) | 0.013 | 0.025 | 0.017 | 0.048 | 0.004 | 0.019 | ||
Peripheral black lumps | 8.3 (2) | 0 | 26.3 (5) | 16.7 (1) | ||||||||
Clods (includes dots) | 4.2 (1) | 0 | 10.5 (2) | 0 | ||||||||
Depigmented areas | 12.5 (3) | 0 | 15.8 (3) | 0 | ||||||||
Types of lines | ||||||||||||
Thick reticular lines | 83.3 (20) | 66.7 (2) | 36.8 (7) | 83.3 (5) | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.047 | 0.07 | ||||
Segmental radial lines | 25.0 (6) | 33.3 (1) | 15.8 (3) | 16.7 (1) | ||||||||
white lines | 58.3 (14) | 66.7 (2) | 66.7 (13) | 66.7 (4) | ||||||||
Angulated lines | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Lines parallel | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Melanin pigment distribution | ||||||||||||
Central | 16.7 (4) | 0 | 21.1 (4) | 0 | ||||||||
Peripheral | 12.5 (3) | 66.7 (2) | 21.1 (4) | 33.3 (2) | ||||||||
Peripheral and central | 8.3 (2) | 0 | 10.5 (2) | 0 | ||||||||
Not applicable | 62.5 (15) | 33.3 (1) | 47.4 (9) | 66.7 (4) | ||||||||
White structures presence | 54.2 (13) | 100 (3) | 78.9 (15) | 50.0 (3) | 0.09 | |||||||
Pattern of white structures | ||||||||||||
Amorphous | 25.0 (6) | 0 | 26.3 (5) | 33.3 (2) | ||||||||
Irregular | 25.0 (5) | 66.7 (2) | 26.3 (5) | 16.7 (1) | ||||||||
Dotted | 4.2 (1) | 0 | 5.3 (1) | 0 | ||||||||
Reticulated | 0 | 0 | 10.5 (2) | 0 | ||||||||
Linear | 0 | 33.3 (1) | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Homogeneous | 0 | 0 | 5.3 (1) | 0 | ||||||||
Radial | 0 | 0 | 5.3 (1) | 0 | ||||||||
Disrupted | 8.3 (2) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Ulcerated Tumors % (n = 28) | Non-Ulcerated Tumors % (n = 25) | pa | pa′ | pb | pb′ | pc | pc′ | pd | pd′ | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vascular Variables | BCC % (n = 24) | SCC % (n = 3) | BCC % (n = 19) | SCC % (n = 6) | ||||||||
Vessel Structures | ||||||||||||
No structure | 25.0 (6) | 66.7 (2) | 47.4 (9) | 50.0 (3) | ||||||||
Dott | 66.7 (16) | 0 | 47.4 (9) | 83.3 (5) | 0.018 | 0.048 | 0.027 | 0.057 | ||||
Clod | 4.2 (1) | 0 | 5.3 (1) | 0 | ||||||||
Linear | 25.0 (6) | 66.7 (2) | 42.1 (8) | 50.0 (3) | ||||||||
Linear vessel subtypes | ||||||||||||
No pattern | 8.3 (2) | 0 | 10.5 (2) | 50.0 (3) | ||||||||
Linear straight | 33.3 (8) | 0 | 42.1 (8) | 16.7 (1) | ||||||||
Linear looped | 12.5 (3) | 0 | 21.1 (4) | 0 | ||||||||
Linear curved | 29.2 (7) | 33.3 (1) | 21.1 (4) | 16.7 (1) | ||||||||
Linear serpentine | 54.2 (13) | 66.7 (2) | 31.6 (6) | 33.3 (2) | ||||||||
Linear helical | 12.5 (3) | 0 | 15.8 (3) | 0 | ||||||||
Linear coiled | 25.0 (6) | 33.3 (1) | 26.3 (5) | 0 | ||||||||
Arrangement of vessels and specific patterns | ||||||||||||
Random | 8.3 (2) | 33.3 (1) | 21.1 (4) | 0 | ||||||||
Clustered | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Serpinginous | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Radial | 70.8 (17) | 33.3 (1) | 57.9 (11) | 50.0 (3) | ||||||||
Reticular | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Branched | 0 | 0 | 5.3 (1) | 0 | ||||||||
Other variables | ||||||||||||
Maple Leaf Structure | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
Radiated Areas | 37.5 (9) | 66.7 (2) | 21.1 (4) | 16.7 (1) | ||||||||
Blue-Gray Ovoid Nests | 33.3 (8) | 33.3 (1) | 42.1 (8) | 50.0 (3) | ||||||||
Unstructured eccentric area | 0 | 33.3 (1) | 5.3 (1) | 0 | ||||||||
Millium pseudocysts and follicular pseudoapertures | 8.3 (2) | 0 | 10.5 (2) | 0 | ||||||||
Pigmented Reticulum, Aggregations of Black Dots and Whitish Veil | 12.5 (3) | 66.7 (2) | 26.3 (5) | 0 | 0.023 | 0.083 | 0.023 | 0.079 |
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Sánchez Moreno, E.C.; Machado Sulbaran, A.C.; Leal, L.R.; Ortiz García, Y.M.; Olivas Román, L.R.; Riera Leal, A. Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: Dermatoscopic Diagnostic Clues in Mexican Individuals Based on Fitzpatrick Skin Phototypes. J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14, 2966. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14092966
Sánchez Moreno EC, Machado Sulbaran AC, Leal LR, Ortiz García YM, Olivas Román LR, Riera Leal A. Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: Dermatoscopic Diagnostic Clues in Mexican Individuals Based on Fitzpatrick Skin Phototypes. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2025; 14(9):2966. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14092966
Chicago/Turabian StyleSánchez Moreno, Esli Camila, Andrea Carolina Machado Sulbaran, Lizbeth Riera Leal, Yveth Marlene Ortiz García, Luis Roberto Olivas Román, and Annie Riera Leal. 2025. "Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: Dermatoscopic Diagnostic Clues in Mexican Individuals Based on Fitzpatrick Skin Phototypes" Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 9: 2966. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14092966
APA StyleSánchez Moreno, E. C., Machado Sulbaran, A. C., Leal, L. R., Ortiz García, Y. M., Olivas Román, L. R., & Riera Leal, A. (2025). Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: Dermatoscopic Diagnostic Clues in Mexican Individuals Based on Fitzpatrick Skin Phototypes. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14(9), 2966. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14092966