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Anti-Cancer, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidation Active Substances: 3rd Edition
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Anti-Cancer, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidation Active Substances: 3rd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2026 | Viewed by 2773

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ming-Ju Hsieh

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
Interests: apoptosis; autophagy; metastasis; anti-cancer; nature compound; cell biochemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

An increasing amount of anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory active substances are being discovered and applied to cancer and inflammation treatment, and there is also increased focus on basic research into antivirals and antibacterials, playing an important role in the molecular activity and biotechnology innovations of food and cosmetics.

In this Special Issue, we aim to collate papers focused on the role and molecular mechanisms of active substances in anti-inflammation and anti-cancer treatment, food, and cosmetics. We welcome research articles and review papers focused on anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory active substances in cancer, from basic, translational science studies to clinical research.

Volume I of this Special Issue “Latest Research on Anti-cancer, Anti-inflammatory, and Antioxidation Active Substances”
Volume II of this Special Issue “Anti-Cancer, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidation Active Substances: 2nd Edition”

Dr. Ming-Ju Hsieh
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • anti-inflammatory
  • anti-cancer
  • antioxidants
  • antiproliferative
  • antiviral
  • antibacterial
  • antibodies
  • molecular mechanism
  • chemoresistance
  • molecular biology

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Related Special Issues

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 1041 KiB  
Article
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Helianthus Tuberosus L. Polysaccharide and Its Limited Gene Expression Profile
by Evgenii Generalov, Leonid Yakovenko, Arkady Sinitsyn, Alexander Alekseev, Olga Sinitsyna, Khurshed Abduvosidov, Vladislav Minaichev and Liubov Generalova
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(16), 7885; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26167885 - 15 Aug 2025
Viewed by 245
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that Helianthus tuberosus L. polysaccharide (HTLP) exhibits potent immunomodulating activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying this activity and explore its potential applications in various anti-inflammatory models. We examined the anti-inflammatory potential of [...] Read more.
Previous studies have demonstrated that Helianthus tuberosus L. polysaccharide (HTLP) exhibits potent immunomodulating activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying this activity and explore its potential applications in various anti-inflammatory models. We examined the anti-inflammatory potential of HTLP using in vitro and in vivo models. In vitro, we assessed the impact of HTLP on the expression of key inflammatory genes (TNFA, IL1B, IL6, IL12B, IL23, CD40, CD80, CD274, CSF1, and NAMPT) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated THP-1 cells. In vivo, we employed rat pocket granuloma and formalin- and carrageenan-induced oedema models. HTLP significantly reduced oedema volume in the in vivo models. In the carrageenan-induced oedema model, HTLP exhibited efficacy significantly higher than that of ibuprofen, reducing oedema by 76% at 8 h (p < 0.01). In the air pouch granuloma model, HTLP showed comparable anti-inflammatory activity to ibuprofen. In the formalin-induced oedema model, HTLP reduced oedema, demonstrating less efficacy than ibuprofen, with a reduction of 58% versus ibuprofen’s 65% (p < 0.001). The anti-inflammatory mechanism of HTLP involves not only the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression (TNFA, IL1B, IL6, IL12B, IL23, CD40, CD80, CD274, and CSF1) but also the activation of cell survival and cellular defence mechanisms (NAMPT) and the upregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL10). The observed biological activity of HTLP suggests its potential as a valuable therapeutic agent for inflammatory conditions. The combination of functional and molecular evidence demonstrates HTLP’s potent anti-inflammatory properties across multiple models, with efficacy approaching or exceeding that of ibuprofen in certain models. However, further studies are necessary to fully elucidate its mechanism of action and to evaluate its long-term efficacy and safety. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Cancer, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidation Active Substances: 3rd Edition)
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17 pages, 2521 KiB  
Article
Nutrient-Enriched Germinated Brown Rice Alters the Intestinal Ecological Network by Regulating Lipid Metabolism in Rats
by Chuanying Ren, Shuwen Lu, Shan Shan, Shan Zhang, Bin Hong, Di Yuan, Jingyi Zhang, Shiwei Gao, Qing Liu and Xiaobing Fan
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(16), 7693; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26167693 - 8 Aug 2025
Viewed by 250
Abstract
Metabolic diseases such as high blood lipids, high blood sugar, and disrupted gut microbiota pose a serious threat to people’s physical health. The occurrence of these diseases is closely related to the lack of nutrients in daily rice staple foods, but there is [...] Read more.
Metabolic diseases such as high blood lipids, high blood sugar, and disrupted gut microbiota pose a serious threat to people’s physical health. The occurrence of these diseases is closely related to the lack of nutrients in daily rice staple foods, but there is a lack of comprehensive analysis of the underlying mechanisms. This study used fully nutritious brown rice as raw material, and after germination under various stress conditions, it significantly increased the levels of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA, four carbon non protein amino acid), resistant starch, flavonoids, and other components that regulate metabolic diseases. Using rats as experimental subjects, a model of hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia was constructed, with rice consumption as the control. The experimental period was 8 weeks. Research has found that feeding sprouted brown rice can significantly improve the accumulation of white fat in the liver caused by a high-fat diet, significantly reduce TC, TG, LDL-C, apoB, HL, LPL, and LCAT, significantly increase HDL-C and apoA1, and significantly reduce the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α. Therefore, consuming sprouted brown rice can reduce the risk of hyperlipidemia, inflammation, and tumor occurrence by promoting fat breakdown, and can also increase the abundance of metabolic-promoting microorganisms (especially Euryarchaeota and Lactobacillus) in the intestine, improving the entire metabolic ecological network of rats. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Cancer, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidation Active Substances: 3rd Edition)
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12 pages, 1070 KiB  
Article
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Solanum tuberosum L. Polysaccharide and Its Limited Gene Expression Profile
by Evgenii Generalov, Ilya Grigoryan, Vladislav Minaichev, Olga Sinitsyna, Leonid Yakovenko, Arkady Sinitsyn and Liubov Generalova
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(12), 5562; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26125562 - 10 Jun 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 583
Abstract
Previous studies showed a potent anti-inflammatory activity of Solanum tuberosum L. polysaccharide (STP), which inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines and stimulated anti-inflammatory ones in peptic ulcer models. Thus, the main goal of this study was to find out the molecular background of such activity and [...] Read more.
Previous studies showed a potent anti-inflammatory activity of Solanum tuberosum L. polysaccharide (STP), which inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines and stimulated anti-inflammatory ones in peptic ulcer models. Thus, the main goal of this study was to find out the molecular background of such activity and possible applications in different anti-inflammatory models. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory potential of the polysaccharide STP using model of LPS-induced inflammation in THP-1 macrophage-like cells (on the expression of IL1B, IL6, IL10, TNF, NFKB1, BCL2, NRF2, and BAX—genes involved in the regulation of inflammatory processes and oxidative stress), rat pocket granuloma, and carrageenan-induced oedema models. STP significantly reduced oedema volume, exhibiting a comparable anti-exudative effect to ibuprofen and surpassing the control group. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of STP extends beyond suppression of proinflammatory cytokine (IL1B, IL6, TNF) expression, as it also activates cellular defence mechanisms (NRF2, BCL2, BAX) and expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL10). This complex, multifactorial action suggests that STP may possess significant therapeutic value for inflammatory conditions. The combined functional and molecular findings underscore STP’s potent anti-inflammatory properties, comparable to ibuprofen. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Cancer, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidation Active Substances: 3rd Edition)
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21 pages, 10277 KiB  
Article
Tephrosia purpurea, with (-)-Pseudosemiglabrin as the Major Constituent, Alleviates Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Mediated Acute Lung Injury by Modulating HMGB1 and IL-22
by Gamal A. Soliman, Mohammed A. Alamri, Rehab F. Abdel-Rahman, Marawan A. Elbaset, Hanan A. Ogaly and Maged S. Abdel-Kader
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(6), 2572; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26062572 - 13 Mar 2025
Viewed by 835
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a major cause of multiple organ failure. The purpose of this study was to look into the role of Tephrosia purpurea (TEP) and its active constituent pseudosemiglabrin (PS) in alleviating severe acute pancreatitis and its associated acute lung injury. [...] Read more.
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a major cause of multiple organ failure. The purpose of this study was to look into the role of Tephrosia purpurea (TEP) and its active constituent pseudosemiglabrin (PS) in alleviating severe acute pancreatitis and its associated acute lung injury. We established a rat pancreatic IR model, and the rats were treated with TEP (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) and PS (20 and 40 mg/kg), in addition to the IR control and sham groups. The results showed that the respiratory parameters, including inspiratory time (Ti), expiratory time (Te), duration (Dr), and respiratory rate (RR), were comparable among all groups, while peak inspiratory flow (PIF), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume at 0.1 s (FEV0.1) were significantly impaired. Notably, PS at 40 mg/kg showed normal PIF, FVC, and FEV0.1/FVC compared to the IR group, indicating an improved lung function. Additionally, TEP and PS showed protective effects on pancreatic and lung tissues compared to the IR control group, with the following effects: alleviating pathological damage; reducing serum levels of trypsinogen activation peptide (TAP), lipase, and amylase; decreasing oxidative stress markers such as MDA and MPO; restoring antioxidant enzyme activity (GPx); suppressing inflammatory markers TNF-α, IL-6, and NF-κB; downregulating HMGB1 gene in pancreatic tissue; and upregulating the IL-22 gene in lung tissues. In conclusion, the obtained findings demonstrate that oral supplementation of TEP and PS to rats with pancreatic IR alleviates pancreatic and lung injuries by reducing oxidative stress and modulating inflammatory processes, which offers an attractive therapeutic option for severe acute pancreatitis and its associated acute lung injury. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Cancer, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidation Active Substances: 3rd Edition)
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Review

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18 pages, 506 KiB  
Review
Targeting Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 1A: How Small-Molecule Inhibitors Suppress Tumor Growth via Diverse Pathways
by Han Zhang, Siqi Yu, Ying Wang, Shanmei Wu, Changliang Shan and Weicheng Zhang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(15), 7331; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26157331 - 29 Jul 2025
Viewed by 377
Abstract
Eukaryotic elongation factor 1A (eEF1A), the second most abundant intracellular protein, not only plays a key role in peptide elongation, but is also capable of numerous moonlighting functions. Within malignant cells, eEF1A is by no means a neutral bystander but instead actively participates [...] Read more.
Eukaryotic elongation factor 1A (eEF1A), the second most abundant intracellular protein, not only plays a key role in peptide elongation, but is also capable of numerous moonlighting functions. Within malignant cells, eEF1A is by no means a neutral bystander but instead actively participates in oncogenic transformations via a myriad of molecular pathways. Thus far, a broad range of small-molecule inhibitors have been identified, which, despite their structural diversity, suppress tumor growth by targeting eEF1A. Interestingly, just as eEF1A enables its oncogenic potential far beyond boosting protein translation, these targeted agents disrupt this oncoprotein via multiple axes distinct from mere protein synthesis inhibition. Whereas the oncogenic mechanisms of eEF1A has been well documented, there lacks a systemic survey of the eEF1A-targeting agents in terms of their mechanisms. Accordingly, the present work aims to examine their multifaceted modes of action more than just blocking protein synthesis. By unveiling these insights, our deepened knowledge of these eEF1A-binding inhibitors will inform the development of future eEF1A-targeted drugs for cancer treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Cancer, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidation Active Substances: 3rd Edition)
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