Key Enabling Technologies for Beyond 5G Networks—2nd Edition

A special issue of Future Internet (ISSN 1999-5903). This special issue belongs to the section "Internet of Things".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2026 | Viewed by 1000

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Department of Information Engineering, University of Firenze, Via S. Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy
Interests: wireless communications; wireless resource management; heterogeneous networks; transmission techniques
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Our society is increasingly digitized, hyper-connected, and data-driven; hence, new systems and technologies are emerging and introducing paradigm shifts in wireless communication.

Spectrum utilization will be improved and extended towards the THz, thus requiring new transceiver architectures, modulation schemes, and new paradigms for facing challenging propagation conditions. At such high frequencies, communications will be based on very narrow and pencil-beam signal propagation with the help of intelligent reflecting surfaces. Energy resources must be efficiently managed on a network-wide scale, also integrating self-sustainable solutions, and new access methods will be needed for truly massive machine-type communication. In addition, machine learning and artificial intelligence technologies will strongly impact the design of communication systems across all the layers of the communication architecture, operating both at the link and system levels. These technologies will further accelerate the trends in cognition and self-organization, smart spectrum access, physical and medium access layer operation up to resource allocation, and network organization. New communication systems will also constitute a framework for providing services thanks to new computing architectures and the intelligence that spreads across the network. New applications will be provided integrating communication capabilities with sensing, positioning, imaging, and mobility. In such a scenario, security should be provided at all levels for a network with embedded trust, also providing protection at the physical layer.

This Special Issue aims at investigating emerging and future key technologies for wireless communication systems in the 5G-and-beyond era.

Dr. Dania Marabissi
Dr. Lorenzo Mucchi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • THz and visible light communications
  • intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS)
  • cognitive and dynamic spectrum access
  • machine learning and artificial intelligence for wireless communications systems
  • energy-efficient wireless communications and networking
  • network softwarization and virtualization
  • network security
  • physical layer security
  • zero-touch networks
  • massive IoT communication
  • quantum communication and cryptography
  • joint communication and sensing
  • massive MIMO
  • advanced wearable technologies and body area networks
  • edge computing
  • 3D networking

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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21 pages, 653 KB  
Article
A Stateful Extension to P4THLS for Advanced Telemetry and Flow Control
by Mostafa Abbasmollaei, Tarek Ould-Bachir and Yvon Savaria
Future Internet 2025, 17(11), 530; https://doi.org/10.3390/fi17110530 - 20 Nov 2025
Viewed by 231
Abstract
Programmable data planes are increasingly essential for enabling In-band Network Telemetry (INT), fine-grained monitoring, and congestion-aware packet processing. Although the P4 language provides a high-level abstraction to describe such behaviors, implementing them efficiently on FPGA-based platforms remains challenging due to hardware constraints and [...] Read more.
Programmable data planes are increasingly essential for enabling In-band Network Telemetry (INT), fine-grained monitoring, and congestion-aware packet processing. Although the P4 language provides a high-level abstraction to describe such behaviors, implementing them efficiently on FPGA-based platforms remains challenging due to hardware constraints and limited compiler support. Building on P4THLS framework, which leverages HLS for FPGA data-plane programmability, this paper extends the approach by introducing support for P4-style stateful objects and a structured metadata propagation mechanism throughout the processing pipeline. These extensions enrich pipeline logic with real-time context and flow-level state, thereby facilitating advanced applications while preserving programmability. The generated codebase remains extensible and customizable, allowing developers to adapt the design to various scenarios. We implement two representative use cases to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach: an INT-enabled forwarding engine that embeds hop-by-hop telemetry into packets and a congestion-aware switch that dynamically adapts to queue conditions. Evaluation of an AMD Alveo U280 FPGA implementation reveals that incorporating INT support adds roughly 900 LUTs and 1000 Flip-Flops relative to the baseline switch. Furthermore, the proposed meter maintains rate measurement errors below 3% at 700 Mbps and achieves up to a 5× reduction in LUT and 2× reduction in Flip-Flop usage compared to existing FPGA-based stateful designs, substantially expanding the applicability of P4THLS for complex and performance-critical network functions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Key Enabling Technologies for Beyond 5G Networks—2nd Edition)
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26 pages, 1076 KB  
Article
NL-COMM: Enabling High-Performing Next-Generation Networks via Advanced Non-Linear Processing
by Chathura Jayawardena, George Ntavazlis Katsaros and Konstantinos Nikitopoulos
Future Internet 2025, 17(10), 447; https://doi.org/10.3390/fi17100447 - 30 Sep 2025
Viewed by 406
Abstract
Future wireless networks are expected to deliver enhanced spectral efficiency while being energy efficient. MIMO and other non-orthogonal transmission schemes, such as non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), offer substantial theoretical spectral efficiency gains. However, these gains have yet to translate into practical deployments, largely [...] Read more.
Future wireless networks are expected to deliver enhanced spectral efficiency while being energy efficient. MIMO and other non-orthogonal transmission schemes, such as non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), offer substantial theoretical spectral efficiency gains. However, these gains have yet to translate into practical deployments, largely due to limitations in current signal processing methods. Linear transceiver processing, though widely adopted, fails to fully exploit non-orthogonal transmissions, forcing massive MIMO systems to use a disproportionately large number of RF chains for relatively few streams, increasing power consumption. Non-linear processing can unlock the full potential of non-orthogonal schemes but is hindered by high computational complexity and integration challenges. Moreover, existing message-passing receivers for NOMA depend on specially designed sparse signals, limiting resource allocation flexibility and efficiency. This work presents NL-COMM, an efficient non-linear processing framework that translates the theoretical gains of non-orthogonal transmissions into practical benefits for both the uplink and downlink. NL-COMM delivers over 200% spectral efficiency gains, enables 50% reductions in antennas and RF chains (and thus base station power consumption), and increases concurrently supported users by 450%. In distributed MIMO deployments, the antenna reduction halves fronthaul bandwidth requirements, mitigating a key system bottleneck. Furthermore, NL-COMM offers the flexibility to unlock new NOMA schemes. Finally, we present both hardware and software architectures for NL-COMM that support massively parallel execution, demonstrating how advanced non-linear processing can be realized in practice to meet the demands of next-generation networks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Key Enabling Technologies for Beyond 5G Networks—2nd Edition)
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