Plant Essential Oils: Extraction, Characterization, Biological Activities, and Their Applications in Foods

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutraceuticals, Functional Foods, and Novel Foods".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 February 2026) | Viewed by 2978

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12/V, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
Interests: extraction; chromatography; natural product chemistry; food chemistry; mass spectrometry; antioxidant activity; pharmaceutics and pharmaceutical technology; antioxidants; phytochemicals; analytical chemistry
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Guest Editor
Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin” Zrenjanin, University of Novi Sad, 23000 Zrenjanin, Serbia
Interests: essential oil

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Essential oils are considered as the most frequently used of all natural products for complementary and alternative medicines. Their medical applications are vast and can vary from dermatological uses (example infection, wound healing, anti-inflammatory etc.) to respiratory inhalation (including immunomodulatory effects, antiviral, antibacterial and even antihistamine responses). Furthermore, essential oils are used in various medical facilities for infection control and to achieve holistic healing. The aromatic nature of essential oils lends itself to an improved mind/body connection. Essential oils have not only been used in the medical application but also use extends to preservation of foods and in veterinary science. Additionally, machine learning methods can be used for classification and prediction of essential oil chemical components properties.

With these applications in mind, this Special Issue invites you to present your novel research within the field of aromatic plants and essential oils with the purpose of putting together a collection of high-quality outputs that can enhance the field of essential oil research.

Potential topics include but are not limited to:

  • extraction
  • characterization
  • biological activity
  • veterinary use
  • toxicology
  • interactive studies
  • food formulation studies
  • studies on essential oil compounds
  • machine learning applications

Dr. Saša Đurović
Dr. Snežana Filip
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Foods is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • essential oils
  • terpenes
  • extraction
  • characterization
  • biological activity
  • application
  • food formulation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 1637 KB  
Article
Supercritical Fluid CO2 Extraction of Essential Oil from Spearmint Leaves Dried by Vacuum Drying with a Desiccant
by Rustam Tokpayev, Zair Ibraimov, Khavaza Tamina, Bauyrzhan Bukenov, Bagashar Zhaksybay, Amina Abdullanova, Yekaterina Chshendrygina, Kanagat Kishibayev and Luca Fiori
Foods 2026, 15(2), 213; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15020213 - 7 Jan 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1064
Abstract
The essential oil (EO) of Mentha spicata L. (spearmint) exhibits pronounced biological activity, making it valuable for applications in agrochemistry as an insecticidal agent, in perfumery and cosmetics, and as a natural preservative in the food industry. However, maintaining the integrity and yield [...] Read more.
The essential oil (EO) of Mentha spicata L. (spearmint) exhibits pronounced biological activity, making it valuable for applications in agrochemistry as an insecticidal agent, in perfumery and cosmetics, and as a natural preservative in the food industry. However, maintaining the integrity and yield of EO during post-harvest processing and extraction remains a key technological challenge. This study aimed to enhance the vacuum-drying (VD) process of spearmint using calcium chloride as a desiccant and to optimize the conditions of supercritical CO2 extraction (SC-CO2), including EO separation and the evaluation of its solubility under dynamic extraction conditions. The incorporation of calcium chloride into the VD process reduced drying duration by 21.1% and processing costs by 31.0%, while increasing EO yield by 11%. A decrease in separator pressure from 70 to 10 bar during SC-CO2 extraction resulted in nearly a threefold increase in EO yield by minimizing the loss of volatile constituents. The solubility of spearmint EO in supercritical CO2 was successfully described by the Chrastil model and correlated with carvone solubility. The maximum total phenolic content (72.3 ± 2.2 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram) was observed at a CO2 density of 353.91 kg/m3. The solubility of EO was studied directly using the plant matrix under dynamic conditions. Full article
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Review

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23 pages, 5469 KB  
Review
Rosemary Essential Oil as a Natural Additive in Food Industry: Recent Developments in Encapsulation Techniques
by Pavle Simić and Nataša Poklar Ulrih
Foods 2026, 15(5), 893; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15050893 - 5 Mar 2026
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 984
Abstract
Rosemary essential oil (REO) is a complex mixture of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), predominantly oxygenated monoterpenes such as 1,8-cineole, camphor, and borneol, which together exhibit antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. These properties make REO a promising natural alternative to synthetic food additives; however, its [...] Read more.
Rosemary essential oil (REO) is a complex mixture of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), predominantly oxygenated monoterpenes such as 1,8-cineole, camphor, and borneol, which together exhibit antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. These properties make REO a promising natural alternative to synthetic food additives; however, its high volatility, low water solubility, chemical instability, and intense aroma significantly limit its direct application in food systems. Encapsulation has therefore emerged as a key strategy to enhance REO stability, preserve bioactivity, and enable controlled release while reducing sensory impact. This review critically examines conventional and advanced techniques for REO encapsulation. These techniques are comparatively evaluated by addressing their advantages and limitations, with particular emphasis on wall material selection and its role in controlling release behaviour and functional performance in real food matrices. In addition to summarising current applications in food preservation, functional ingredients, and active packaging, this review highlights a key research gap: the limited post-encapsulation characterisation of REO chemical composition, especially minor VOCs responsible for synergistic biological effects. Addressing this gap is essential for the design of encapsulation systems that effectively integrate aroma, preservation, and functionality in clean-label food products. Full article
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