Characterization of Antioxidants’ Physicochemical and Nutritional Properties and Their Applications in Food

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Physics and (Bio)Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2025 | Viewed by 1320

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Food Science, Valahia University of Targoviste, 130004 Targoviste, Romania
Interests: food science and technology; functional foods; bioactive compounds; circular bioeconomy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Antioxidants are currently of great interest in various research communities and the food industry. Oxidative stress, a consequence of a surplus of free radicals compared to the body's ability to neutralize them, is a significant challenge, often triggered by environmental factors and intricately associated with various pathological conditions, such as inflammation, cancer, and atherosclerosis.

Today’s lifestyles often lead to oxidative stress as people undergo exposure to external influences, such as ultraviolet radiation, pollutants (i.e., heavy metals and pesticides), medicines, drugs (i.e., tobacco and alcohol), and high-calorie diets. There is currently evidence indicating that nutritional status plays an essential role in anti-radical defense. Considering the growing social concern for dietary antioxidants, a manifest focus on the prevention and mitigation of oxidative stress has emerged, searching for natural sources of antioxidants and designing new foods enriched in bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties.

Incorporating natural antioxidants into food, including those produced by microorganisms or recovered from agri-food side-streams, although in its developmental stage due to some limitations, not only offers health benefits but can also align with principles of sustainable production. Understanding the properties, molecular mechanisms, and benefits of antioxidants is vital for facilitating their applications in food, ensuring healthier food, and reducing the risk of free radical-mediated diseases.

We invite researchers to submit original, innovative research articles and/or reviews that explore the characterization of antioxidant properties and their potential to be applied in the food sector.

Prof. Dr. Claudia Lavinia Buruleanu
Prof. Dr. Adriana Dabija
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • oxidative stress
  • antioxidant enzymes
  • natural antioxidants
  • bioactive compounds
  • molecular mechanisms
  • food by-products and waste
  • green extraction procedures
  • food formulation
  • bioavailability
  • better health

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 1412 KB  
Article
Arthrospira platensis var. toliarensis: A Local Sustainable Microalga for Food System Resilience
by Antonio Fidinirina Telesphore, Andreea Veronica Botezatu, Daniela Ionela Istrati, Bianca Furdui, Rodica Mihaela Dinica and Valérie Lalao Andriamanamisata Razafindratovo
Foods 2025, 14(15), 2634; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14152634 - 27 Jul 2025
Viewed by 565
Abstract
The intensifying global demand for sustainable and nutrient-dense food sources necessitates the exploration of underutilized local resources. Arthrospira platensis var. toliarensis, a cyanobacterium endemic to Madagascar, was evaluated for its nutritional, functional, and environmental potential under small-scale, low-input outdoor cultivation. The study [...] Read more.
The intensifying global demand for sustainable and nutrient-dense food sources necessitates the exploration of underutilized local resources. Arthrospira platensis var. toliarensis, a cyanobacterium endemic to Madagascar, was evaluated for its nutritional, functional, and environmental potential under small-scale, low-input outdoor cultivation. The study assessed growth kinetics, physicochemical parameters, and composition during two contrasting seasons. Biomass increased 7.5-fold in 10 days, reaching a productivity of 7.8 ± 0.58 g/m2/day and a protein yield of 4.68 ± 0.35 g/m2/day. The hot-season harvest showed significantly higher protein content (65.1% vs. 44.6%), enriched in essential amino acids. On a dry matter basis, mineral profiling revealed high levels of sodium (2140 ± 35.4 mg/100 g), potassium (1530 ± 21.8 mg/100 g), calcium (968 ± 15.1 mg/100 g), phosphorus (815 ± 13.2 mg/100 g), magnesium (389.28 ± 6.4 mg/100 g), and iron (235 ± 9.1 mg/100 g), underscoring its value as a micronutrient-rich supplement. The hydroethanolic extract had the highest polyphenol content (4.67 g GAE/100 g of dry extract), while the hexanic extract exhibited the strongest antioxidant capacity (IC50 = 101.03 ± 1.37 µg/mL), indicating fat-soluble antioxidants. Aflatoxin levels (B1, B2, G1, and G2) remained below EU safety thresholds. Compared to soy and beef, this strain showed superior protein productivity and water-use efficiency. These findings confirm A. platensis var. toliarensis as a promising, ecologically sound alternative for improving food and nutrition security, and its local production can offer substantial benefits to smallholder livelihoods. Full article
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20 pages, 1446 KB  
Article
Astaxanthin from Shrimp By-Products Enhances Oxidative Stability of Lard During Storage
by Olga Draghici
Foods 2025, 14(15), 2585; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14152585 - 23 Jul 2025
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Abstract
Previous research has primarily focused on the antioxidant effect of astaxanthin (AX) in various vegetable oils, with limited attention given to its behavior in lard. This study aimed to evaluate the degradation of AX during lard storage and to assess the physicochemical changes [...] Read more.
Previous research has primarily focused on the antioxidant effect of astaxanthin (AX) in various vegetable oils, with limited attention given to its behavior in lard. This study aimed to evaluate the degradation of AX during lard storage and to assess the physicochemical changes occurring in lard containing different AX concentrations over time. The variation in AX concentration was monitored using spectrophotometric analysis. To characterize the changes in lard, both thermal and chemical methods were employed: thermal analysis was used to determine the onset oxidation temperature (To) and activation energy (Ea), while chemical methods included peroxide value (PV) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBA) assays. Optimization of AX concentration and temporal evaluation of its antioxidant effect were performed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The results indicated a significant degradation of AX after 30 days of storage. An AX concentration of approximately 3 mg/g was identified as optimal, as it provided the highest thermal stability and the lowest levels of oxidation markers, offering a well-balanced compromise between technological performance and preservative effectiveness in lard during storage. Additionally, the color of the lard was found to be more strongly influenced by the presence of AX itself rather than by its specific concentration. Full article
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