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Innovative Cereal and Legume-Based Food: Functional and Nutritional Benefits

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Grain".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 January 2026) | Viewed by 5168

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
Interests: prebiotics; gut health; fermented foods; functional foods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
Interests: prebiotics; grains; fermented foods; functional foods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cereals and legumes—foundational to global food security—possess untapped potential as functional food ingredients. This Special Issue seeks cutting-edge research on redefining these staples through technological and nutritional advancements. We invite studies focusing on novel processing techniques (extrusion, fermentation, bioprocessing, and so on) that enhance the bioavailability of bioactive compounds (phenolics, β-glucans, dietary fibre) while mitigating antinutrients. Contributions should address health mechanisms linking cereal and legume to chronic disease prevention—particularly gut health modulation, glycemic control, and cardiovascular protection. Submissions may also explore sustainable applications, such as plant-based meat analogues, gluten-free formulations, and precision-fortified foods targeting malnutrition. This Special Issue aims to catalyze the transition from traditional consumption to science-driven functional food systems, ultimately bridging agricultural sustainability with public health imperatives.

We invite contributions on the following topics:

  • Bioactive enhancementthrough novel processing: extrusion, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation.
  • Health mechanism validation: gut–microbiota crosstalk and metabolic regulation.
  • Sustainable product innovation: plant-based analogues and nutrient-dense formulations.

We seek studies that bridge food chemistry, nutrition, and engineering in order to redefine cereal/legume applications.

Dr. Ying Zhu
Dr. Jiayan Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Foods is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bioactive enhancement
  • antinutrient reduction
  • bioavailability of bioactive compounds
  • gut health modulation
  • plant-based food design
  • nutrient delivery

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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23 pages, 1371 KB  
Article
Impact of Whole Cereal–Pulse Flours on the Functionality and Antioxidant Properties of Gluten-Free Extruded Flours
by Franz J. Chuqui-Paulino, Davy W. Hidalgo Chávez, José L. Ramírez Ascheri, Caroline Grassi Mellinger, Jhony W. Vargas-Solorzano and Carlos W. Piler Carvalho
Foods 2025, 14(20), 3515; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14203515 - 15 Oct 2025
Viewed by 1510
Abstract
Extruded whole flours from blends of cereals and pulses have great potential to be key ingredients in the development of more innovative gluten-free products, both from a technological and nutritional perspective. The objective of this work was to obtain pre-cooked flours from four [...] Read more.
Extruded whole flours from blends of cereals and pulses have great potential to be key ingredients in the development of more innovative gluten-free products, both from a technological and nutritional perspective. The objective of this work was to obtain pre-cooked flours from four formulations based on blends of whole cereals (PR: parboiled brown rice; PM: pearl millet) and pulses (CP: chickpea; CB: common bean). CB was fixed at 10%, and the other components (PR-PM-CP) were set at 60-15-15 (F1), 15-60-15 (F2), 15-15-60 (F3), and 30-30-30 (F4), which were extruded at two combined conditions of feed moisture and screw speed: mild E1 (30% and 300 rpm) and severe E2 (18% and 600 rpm). The temperature profile was kept constant from 25 to 130 °C (from feed to output). The protein, dietary fiber, and ash contents in the raw formulations varied from 11.2 to 17.4%, 9.8 to 15.0%, and 2.2 to 3.3%, respectively, according to the low or high pulse content in the blend. As more mechanical energy was delivered to the raw formulations (W·h/kg, 63.7 for E1 and 179.4 for E2), the extruded particles had increased water absorption (g/g) from 1.7 to 4.5 (E1) or 3.8 (E2), increased water solubility due to E2 from 10.9 to 20.9%, and decreased oil absorption (g/g) from 1.5 to 0.9 (E1 and E2). The peak viscosity (PV, cP) was noticeable only in the raw formulation F2 (355), which decreased 10.3% due to E1. In the other formulations, PV appeared due to E1 in F1 (528), F3 (420), and F4 (371), while it disappeared due to E2 in all formulations. However, at the E2 condition, they did show cold viscosity in the initial stage (222 to 394 cP). The final viscosity (FV, cP) decreased from 795 to 390 (E1) or 123 (E2). In F2, the contents of phenolic compounds (285 µg GAE/g) and ABTS+ (13.2 μmol TE/g) were more than twice that in the other formulations, and their respective degradations were low due to E1 (4.2 and 12%) and high due to E2 (16 and 17%). Extrusion cooking did not cause significant changes in the luminosity (81) and redness (0.9) of particles, while yellowness increased from 15.7 to 18.2 (E1) or 18.7 (E2). Based on these findings, it is concluded that both extrusion conditions improved the technological and functional properties. Regarding the formulations, F2 stood out for being rich in antioxidant capacity, which poorly degraded under the conditions studied. Further work is needed to contribute to understanding the optimization of formulas and processes that would improve the nutritional, sensorial, and functional properties while still preserving the bioactive value of the final products. Full article
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Review

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23 pages, 1746 KB  
Review
Advanced Modification Strategies of Plant-Sourced Dietary Fibers and Their Applications in Functional Foods
by Yansheng Zhao, Ying Shao, Songtao Fan, Juan Bai, Lin Zhu, Ying Zhu and Xiang Xiao
Foods 2025, 14(15), 2710; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14152710 - 1 Aug 2025
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2936
Abstract
Plant-sourced Dietary Fibers (PDFs) have garnered significant attention due to their multifaceted health benefits, particularly in glycemic control, lipid metabolism regulation, and gut microbiota modulation. This review systematically investigates advanced modification strategies, including physical, chemical, bioengineering, and hybrid approaches, to improve the physicochemical [...] Read more.
Plant-sourced Dietary Fibers (PDFs) have garnered significant attention due to their multifaceted health benefits, particularly in glycemic control, lipid metabolism regulation, and gut microbiota modulation. This review systematically investigates advanced modification strategies, including physical, chemical, bioengineering, and hybrid approaches, to improve the physicochemical properties and bioactivity of PDFs from legumes, cereals, and other sources. Key modifications such as steam explosion, enzymatic hydrolysis, and carboxymethylation significantly improve solubility, porosity, and functional group exposure, thereby optimizing the health-promoting effects of legume-sourced dietary fiber. The review further elucidates critical structure–function relationships, highlighting PDF’s prebiotic potential, synergistic interactions with polyphenols and proteins, and responsive designs for targeted nutrient delivery. In functional food applications, cereal-sourced dietary fibers serve as a versatile functional ingredient in engineered foods including 3D-printed gels and low-glycemic energy bars, addressing specific metabolic disorders and personalized dietary requirements. By integrating state-of-the-art modification techniques with innovative applications, this review provides comprehensive insights into PDF’s transformative role in advancing functional foods and personalized nutrition solutions. Full article
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