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Fluid Flows at the Interface between the Environment, Technology and...
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Fluid Flows at the Interface between the Environment, Technology and Human Development

A special issue of Fluids (ISSN 2311-5521). This special issue belongs to the section "Geophysical and Environmental Fluid Mechanics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 June 2022) | Viewed by 7466

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Demetri Bouris

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece
Interests: environmental flows; particle dispersion and deposition; thermal environmental engineering; urban flows; computational fluid dynamics; wind tunnel studies of atmospheric flows

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Human development and technology are often closely linked to environmental fluid flows. Buildings and other structures are exposed to environmental flows of air and water; renewable energy technologies such as wind, solar and tidal depend on environmental flow characteristics for their operation, structural durability and life expectancy; air transport and even ground vehicles must take into account environmental flow conditions for their reliable and efficient operation; emissions from industrial processes are constantly under scrutiny and consideration of environmental conditions is necessary for design of pollution control technologies. Indeed, some of these will, in turn, affect the same environmental flows they depend upon. The interface these flows inhabit often includes multiple scales, forming one of the most significant challenges for both numerical methods and measurements.

For this Special Issue, we are inviting contributions across technological fields where interaction with environmental flows is a defining parameter. We strongly encourage studies that emphasize the multiscale character of the problem and we are eager to include interdisciplinary approaches and combinations of experimental and computational studies.

Dr. Demetri Bouris
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fluids is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • environmental fluid flows
  • renewable energy
  • industrial processes
  • buildings
  • air transport

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 9441 KiB  
Article
Numerical Simulation of the Effect of a Single Gust on the Flow Past a Square Cylinder
by Maria Kotsiopoulou and Demetri Bouris
Fluids 2022, 7(9), 303; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids7090303 - 15 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1751
Abstract
The flow past a square cylinder under the influence of a one dimensional gust was investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The effect of upstream wind gusts of the same amplitude but different duration was investigated with respect to their effect on the [...] Read more.
The flow past a square cylinder under the influence of a one dimensional gust was investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The effect of upstream wind gusts of the same amplitude but different duration was investigated with respect to their effect on the flow, the vortex-shedding, and the pressure distribution around the square cylinder. For the computations, a very large eddy simulation (VLES) model was implemented in an in-house code and validated against numerical and experimental results from the literature. The gusts of different duration were found to have a distinctly different effect. The short-duration gust causes a lock-on behavior with cessation of the alternating vortex shedding, and a symmetric pair-vortex was created above and below the square cylinder. It was observed that the pressure distribution on the lateral sides of the cylinder has the same magnitude and phase, which resulted in a zero total lift coefficient. In terms of a free-standing structures, such as a building, this would lead to zero instantaneous forces and pressure difference in the lateral direction with obvious implications for dynamic response and cross ventilation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluid Flows at the Interface between the Environment, Technology and Human Development)
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21 pages, 7178 KiB  
Article
Assessment of a Hybrid Eulerian–Lagrangian CFD Solver for Wind Turbine Applications and Comparison with the New MEXICO Experiment
by Nikos Spyropoulos, George Papadakis, John M. Prospathopoulos and Vasilis A. Riziotis
Fluids 2022, 7(9), 296; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids7090296 - 08 Sep 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1476
Abstract
In this paper, the hybrid Lagrangian–Eulerian solver HoPFlow is presented and evaluated against wind tunnel measurements from the New MEXICO experiment. In the paper, the distinct solvers that assemble the HoPFlow solver are presented, alongside with details on their mutual coupling and interaction. [...] Read more.
In this paper, the hybrid Lagrangian–Eulerian solver HoPFlow is presented and evaluated against wind tunnel measurements from the New MEXICO experiment. In the paper, the distinct solvers that assemble the HoPFlow solver are presented, alongside with details on their mutual coupling and interaction. The Eulerian solver, MaPFlow, solves the compressible Navier–Stokes equations under a cell-centered finite-volume discretization scheme, while the Lagrangian solver uses numerical particles that carry mass, pressure, dilatation and vorticity as flow markers in order to represent the flow-field by following their trajectories. The velocity field is calculated with the use of the decomposition theorem introduced by Helmholtz. Computational performance is enhanced by utilizing the particle mesh (PM) methodology in order to solve the Poisson equations for the scalar potential ϕ and the stream function ψ→. The hybrid solver is tested in 3-D unsteady simulations concerning the axial flow around the wind turbine (WT) model rotor tested in the New MEXICO experimental campaign. Simulation results are presented as integrated rotor loads, radial distribution of aerodynamic forces and moments and pressure distributions at various span-wise positions along the rotor blades. Comparison is made against experimental data and computational results produced by the pure Eulerian solver. A total of 5 PM nodes per chord length of the blade section at 75% have been found to be sufficient to predict the loading at the tip region of the blade with great accuracy. Discrepancies with respect to measurements, observed at the root and middle sections of the blade, are attributed to the omission of the spinner geometry in the simulations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluid Flows at the Interface between the Environment, Technology and Human Development)
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22 pages, 11945 KiB  
Article
Unsteady Flow Oscillations in a 3-D Ventilated Model Room with Convective Heat Transfer
by Jun Yao and Yufeng Yao
Fluids 2022, 7(6), 192; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids7060192 - 02 Jun 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1585
Abstract
Improving indoor air quality and energy consumption is one of the high demands in the building sector. In this study, unsteady flow oscillations in a 3-D ventilated model room with convective heat transfer have been studied for three configurations of an empty room [...] Read more.
Improving indoor air quality and energy consumption is one of the high demands in the building sector. In this study, unsteady flow oscillations in a 3-D ventilated model room with convective heat transfer have been studied for three configurations of an empty room (case 1), a room with an unheated box (case 2) and a room with a heated box (case 3). Computational results are validated against experimental data of airflow velocity, temperature and turbulence kinetic energy. For each case, flow unsteadiness is presented by the time history of airflow velocity and temperature at prescribed monitor points and further analyzed using the Fast Fourier Transform technique. For case 1, the flow oscillation is irregular and less dependent on the monitor points. For case 2, the flow oscillation is still irregular but with increased frequency, possibly due to enhanced flow recirculation around the corners of the unheated box. For case 3, a dominant frequency exists, and thermal energy oscillating is higher than flow kinetic energy. Among the three cases, case 3 has the highest dominant frequency in a range of 4.3–4.6 Hz, but the kinetic energy is the lowest at 1.25 m2⁄s. The unsteady flow oscillation is likely due to a high Grashof number and corner flow recirculation for cases 1 and 2, and a combination effect of a high Grashof number, corner flow recirculation and thermal instability (induced by the formation and movement of the thermal plume) for case 3. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluid Flows at the Interface between the Environment, Technology and Human Development)
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9 pages, 1419 KiB  
Article
Development of an Algorithm for Prediction of the Wind Speed in Renewable Energy Environments
by George Efthimiou, Fotios Barmpas, George Tsegas and Nicolas Moussiopoulos
Fluids 2021, 6(12), 461; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids6120461 - 16 Dec 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1935
Abstract
The aim of this work is to develop an algorithm that is able to provide predictions of wind speed statistics (WSS) in renewable energy environments. The subject is clearly interesting, as predictions of storms and extreme winds are important for decision makers and [...] Read more.
The aim of this work is to develop an algorithm that is able to provide predictions of wind speed statistics (WSS) in renewable energy environments. The subject is clearly interesting, as predictions of storms and extreme winds are important for decision makers and emergency response teams in renewable energy environments, e.g., in places where wind turbines could be located, including cities. The goal of the work is achieved through two phases: (a) During the preparation phase, the construction of a big WSS database based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is carried out, which includes flow fields of different wind directions in all grid numerical points; (b) In the second phase, the algorithm is used to find the records in the WSS database with the closest meteorological conditions to the meteorological conditions of interest. The evaluation of the CFD model (including both RANS and LES turbulence methodologies) is performed using the experimental data of the MUST (Mock Urban Setting Test) wind tunnel experiment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluid Flows at the Interface between the Environment, Technology and Human Development)
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