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The Information Bottleneck Method: Theory and Applications

A special issue of Entropy (ISSN 1099-4300). This special issue belongs to the section "Information Theory, Probability and Statistics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2026 | Viewed by 1017

Special Issue Editors

Department of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Interests: information theory of deep neural network; explainable/interpretable AI; machine learning in non-stationary environments; time series analysis; brain network analysis
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Guest Editor
UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
Interests: machine learning; information theoretic learning; kernel methods; deep learning; health data analytics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Deep learning models continue to face two fundamental challenges: limited generalization to out-of-distribution (OOD) data and a lack of interpretability. The information bottleneck (IB) principle, introduced by Tishby et al., offers a mathematically grounded framework to address both problems by learning data representations that are minimal yet sufficient. Over the past decade, IB has become increasingly relevant to deep learning theory, providing tools to analyze generalization, optimize training, and enhance interpretability.

This Special Issue will explore both the theoretical foundations and practical applications of the IB principle. On the theoretical side, we invite works that deepen the understanding of IB in relation to generalization, optimization, and its connections to rate–distortion theory. On the methodological side, we welcome contributions that leverage IB for loss function design, training algorithms, and architecture development, highlighting its ability to improve both robustness and explainability of deep learning models.

Finally, we particularly encourage submissions showcasing applications of IB in emerging areas such as deep reinforcement learning, self-supervised learning, multimodal learning, and learning on graph data, while also welcoming broader applications in machine learning, signal processing, and other engineering domains. By consolidating the latest ideas across disciplines, this Special Issue aims to advance the state of knowledge on the information bottleneck method and inspire new directions at the interface of information theory and artificial intelligence.

Dr. Shujian Yu
Prof. Dr. Robert Jenssen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • information bottleneck
  • neural networks
  • deep learning generalization
  • explainable neural networks
  • deep reinforcement learning
  • multimodal learning
  • self-supervised learning
  • graph neural networks

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 918 KB  
Article
MVIB-Lip: Multi-View Information Bottleneck for Visual Speech Recognition via Time Series Modeling
by Yuzhe Li, Haocheng Sun, Jiayi Cai and Jin Wu
Entropy 2025, 27(11), 1121; https://doi.org/10.3390/e27111121 - 31 Oct 2025
Viewed by 709
Abstract
Lipreading, or visual speech recognition, is the task of interpreting utterances solely from visual cues of lip movements. While early approaches relied on Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) and handcrafted spatiotemporal descriptors, recent advances in deep learning have enabled end-to-end recognition using large-scale datasets. [...] Read more.
Lipreading, or visual speech recognition, is the task of interpreting utterances solely from visual cues of lip movements. While early approaches relied on Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) and handcrafted spatiotemporal descriptors, recent advances in deep learning have enabled end-to-end recognition using large-scale datasets. However, such methods often require millions of labeled or pretraining samples and struggle to generalize under low-resource or speaker-independent conditions. In this work, we revisit lipreading from a multi-view learning perspective. We introduce MVIB-Lip, a framework that integrates two complementary representations of lip movements: (i) raw landmark trajectories modeled as multivariate time series, and (ii) recurrence plot (RP) images that encode structural dynamics in a texture form. A Transformer encoder processes the temporal sequences, while a ResNet-18 extracts features from RPs; the two views are fused via a product-of-experts posterior regularized by the multi-view information bottleneck. Experiments on the OuluVS and a self-collected dataset demonstrate that MVIB-Lip consistently outperforms handcrafted baselines and improves generalization to speaker-independent recognition. Our results suggest that recurrence plots, when coupled with deep multi-view learning, offer a principled and data-efficient path forward for robust visual speech recognition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Information Bottleneck Method: Theory and Applications)
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