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Advances in Power Converters and Inverters

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F: Electrical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 August 2026 | Viewed by 7706

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yufei Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
Interests: wide-bandgap power device applications; topology and control of high-power power conversion systems; artificial intelligence and machine learning methods for power electronics systems
Dr. Feng Guo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
Interests: pulse-width-modulation strategy; high-efficiency and high-power-density multilevel converters; wide-bandgap power device applications; fast-charging technology; high-speed motor drives; transportation electrification
Dr. Yonghui Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710048, China
Interests: modeling and control of converters; renewable energy integration;VSC-HVDC
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As society moves towards carbon neutrality, power converters and inverters have become ever-more important for enhancing energy efficiency, supporting renewable energy integration, ensuring grid stability, and advancing transportation electrification. Recently, power converters and inverters have undergone significant advancements driven by the demand for higher efficiency and greater reliability and the integration of renewable energy sources.

To this end, we invite you to submit original research articles, comprehensive review papers, and insightful case studies to this Special Issue titled “Advances in Power Converters and Inverters”, which will gather pioneering research and technological innovations focusing on the latest advancements in power converters and inverters. Topics of interest for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Innovative Converter and Inverter Designs: Novel topologies and architectures that enhance efficiency, performance, and reliability;
  • Wide-Bandgap Power Semiconductors and their applications: The use of silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN) in power electronics, emphasizing their advantages over traditional silicon-based devices;
  • Grid-Forming Converters and their Control: Advanced technologies and control strategies for grid-forming converters with energy storage, essential for maintaining grid stability and reliability;
  • Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in Power Electronics: Applications of AI and machine learning for predictive maintenance, control optimization, and performance enhancement in power electronics;
  • DC-DC Converters for AI Computing and Data Centers: Control, design, and stability analysis of high-efficiency, high-power-density DC-DC converters for AI computing and data centers;
  • Energy Storage Integration: Bidirectional power converters managing the power flow between storage systems and the grid/load, as well as their advanced control strategies and innovative designs;
  • High-Power Converters and Multilevel Converters: Developments in converters designed for high-power applications, including industrial and utility-scale systems, as well as innovations in multilevel converter designs and controls;
  • Transportation Electrification: Development and optimization of power converters and inverters for electrified transportation systems, including electric vehicles, electric trains, and electric aircraft;
  • Advanced Control Techniques: New control strategies for improved dynamic response, stability, and real-time monitoring of power converters and inverters;
  • Integration with Renewable Energy: Advanced converter and inverter technologies for the integration of solar, wind, and other renewable energy sources into the power grid.

Dr. Yufei Li
Dr. Feng Guo
Dr. Yonghui Liu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • converter topology
  • wide-bandgap power devices
  • grid-forming converter
  • machine learning
  • artificial intelligence
  • energy storage
  • transportation electrification
  • high-power multilevel converters
  • renewable energy

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 3999 KB  
Article
Model-Free Predictive Synthesis Performance Optimization of DAB Converters Based on an Ultra-Local Model
by Luan Wang, Guoqiang Qiu, Bowen Chi, Dejun Liu and Yanming Cheng
Energies 2026, 19(10), 2421; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19102421 - 18 May 2026
Viewed by 128
Abstract
The dual-active-bridge (DAB) converter is the core component of the DC micro-grid system; it has the advantages of topological structure symmetry, high efficiency, and high-power density. Model predictive control (MPC) is often employed to improve the dynamic response characteristics of the system, but [...] Read more.
The dual-active-bridge (DAB) converter is the core component of the DC micro-grid system; it has the advantages of topological structure symmetry, high efficiency, and high-power density. Model predictive control (MPC) is often employed to improve the dynamic response characteristics of the system, but its strong parameter dependence is a key factor limiting the development of MPC. Therefore, a model-free predictive control (MFPC) method combining an ultra-local model with model predictive control is proposed to solve the problem of strong dependence of traditional MPC on system model parameters. Firstly, establish the ultra-local mathematical model of the DAB converter. The system’s lumped disturbances are identified using the residual prediction method and substituted into the discrete model of the system at the next time step to achieve model-free prediction. Secondly, a minimum back-flow power constraint is added to the cost function to improve the steady-state performance of the converter. Thirdly, in the extended phase shift modulation, the Lagrange multiplier method (LMM) is proposed to reduce the current stress, ultimately achieving the collaborative optimization of the comprehensive performance of the DAB. Finally, a simulation model is built using MATLAB/Simulink, and compared with traditional control methods, the voltage ripple has been reduced by 51.3%, 89.1%, and 85.1%, respectively; the current stress significantly decreases both when the output voltage reference value changes and when the load resistance changes abruptly, and both can basically achieve zero back-flow power operation. The validity and superiority of the proposed strategy have been verified. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Power Converters and Inverters)
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20 pages, 3692 KB  
Article
Triple-Voltage Gain and Self-Balancing in a New Switched-Capacitor Seven-Level Inverter for Microgrid Integration
by Mohamed Salem, Mahmood Swadi, Anna Richelli, Yevgeniy Muralev and Faisal A. Mohamed
Energies 2026, 19(4), 1001; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19041001 - 13 Feb 2026
Viewed by 673
Abstract
In the context of power electronic interfaces in photovoltaic (PV), fuel cell, battery, and microgrid applications, the low output voltage of the DC source necessitates a voltage-boosting inverter. This paper proposes a single-source seven-level switched-capacitor boost inverter, particularly for low-voltage applications. The proposed [...] Read more.
In the context of power electronic interfaces in photovoltaic (PV), fuel cell, battery, and microgrid applications, the low output voltage of the DC source necessitates a voltage-boosting inverter. This paper proposes a single-source seven-level switched-capacitor boost inverter, particularly for low-voltage applications. The proposed inverter has the capability to produce seven different output voltage levels, i.e., intermediate boosted levels, with a total gain of three times the input voltage. The inverter has the advantage of a reduced number of power switches, diodes, and a switched-capacitor unit, which allows for single-stage operation without the need for a second DC-DC converter. The operating principle of the proposed inverter is explained in detail with a complete switching state analysis, conduction path analysis, and output voltage generation. The capacitor size is calculated using a charge balance-based equation. The self-balancing capability is validated for mismatched initial voltages with a bounded steady-state ripple. To evaluate the performance of the proposed inverter in a more realistic scenario, the effects of non-ideal device characteristics are considered, and the efficiency of the inverter is estimated using a loss model. A predictive current control technique is applied to control the output current under inductive load conditions. The simulation results obtained in MATLAB/Simulink software validate the proper seven-level operation of the inverter, the self-balancing capability of the capacitors, improved output waveform quality, and current control. The proposed inverter can be extended to grid-connected applications, where conventional output filters can be applied to meet the harmonic standards. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Power Converters and Inverters)
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29 pages, 10948 KB  
Article
A Grid-Forming Energy-Storage-Based Flexible Interconnection System for Microgrids in Remote Regions
by Zhenyu Zhao, Xinyue Chen, Yanlin Wu, Fengxin Diao, Xinyu Wang, Yuehang Zhao, Yonghui Liu and Yue Wang
Energies 2026, 19(4), 944; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19040944 - 11 Feb 2026
Viewed by 524
Abstract
Local renewable energy microgrids in remote regions are typically characterized by high renewable energy penetration and weak grid-interconnection channels. These features lead to insufficient inertia and poor stability in both the microgrid and the AC main grid, with a failure to meet the [...] Read more.
Local renewable energy microgrids in remote regions are typically characterized by high renewable energy penetration and weak grid-interconnection channels. These features lead to insufficient inertia and poor stability in both the microgrid and the AC main grid, with a failure to meet the power supply demands of microgrid loads. Conventional grid-forming converters or flexible interconnection devices have limited optional capabilities, making it challenging to comprehensively address these issues. This paper proposes a grid-forming energy-storage-based flexible interconnection system (GFM-ESFIS) which integrates the flexible interconnection converters with energy-storage units to fully meet the stability and power supply reliability requirements of the microgrid–main grid interconnection system in remote regions. Key steady-state and transient control strategies are analyzed and designed for the GFM-ESFIS. Simulations based on MATLAB/Simulink 2024a and hardware-in-the-loop experiments based on RT-LAB verify the effectiveness of the proposed system and control strategies. Compared with conventional schemes, the proposed system can operate flexibly in series or parallel modes, realizing multiple capabilities including dual-terminal grid-forming support, fault ride-through control, power flow regulation, operation mode transition, and black start. It holds significant application value in reducing grid investment costs and improving the power supply reliability of microgrids in remote regions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Power Converters and Inverters)
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27 pages, 3597 KB  
Article
Research on Characteristic Analysis and Identification Methods for DC-Side Grounding Faults in Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Inverters
by Wanli Feng, Lei Su, Cao Kan, Mingjiang Wei and Changlong Li
Energies 2025, 18(13), 3243; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18133243 - 20 Jun 2025
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1091
Abstract
The analysis and accurate identification of DC-side grounding faults in grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) inverters is a critical step in enhancing operation and maintenance capabilities and ensuring the safe operation of PV grid-connected systems. However, the characteristics of DC-side grounding faults remain unclear, and [...] Read more.
The analysis and accurate identification of DC-side grounding faults in grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) inverters is a critical step in enhancing operation and maintenance capabilities and ensuring the safe operation of PV grid-connected systems. However, the characteristics of DC-side grounding faults remain unclear, and effective methods for identifying such faults are lacking. To address the need for leakage characteristic analysis and fault identification of DC-side grounding faults in grid-connected PV inverters, this paper first establishes an equivalent analysis model for DC-side grounding faults in three-phase grid-connected inverters. The formation mechanism and frequency-domain characteristics of residual current under DC-side fault conditions are analyzed, and the specific causes of different frequency components in the residual current are identified. Based on the leakage current mechanisms and statistical characteristics of grid-connected PV inverters, a multi-type DC-side grounding fault identification method is proposed using the light gradient-boosting machine (LGBM) algorithm. In the simulation case study, the proposed fault identification method, which combines mechanism characteristics and statistical characteristics, achieved an accuracy rate of 99%, which was significantly superior to traditional methods based solely on statistical characteristics and other machine learning algorithms. Real-time simulation verification shows that introducing mechanism-based features into grid-connected photovoltaic inverters can significantly improve the accuracy of identifying grounding faults on the DC side. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Power Converters and Inverters)
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16 pages, 41500 KB  
Article
Junction Temperature Control of a Traction Inverter Based on Three-Level Active Neutral Point-Clamping
by Haitao Liu, Sen Wang, Liang Hu, Ling Feng and Yue Wang
Energies 2025, 18(9), 2241; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18092241 - 28 Apr 2025
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1748 | Correction
Abstract
In this study, we propose an active junction temperature control method specifically tailored for traction inverters based on active neutral point-clamped (ANPC) three-level topology. This approach not only enables real-time junction temperature equalization across switching devices, but also minimizes switching losses while preserving [...] Read more.
In this study, we propose an active junction temperature control method specifically tailored for traction inverters based on active neutral point-clamped (ANPC) three-level topology. This approach not only enables real-time junction temperature equalization across switching devices, but also minimizes switching losses while preserving synchronous modulation. The methodology begins with a detailed formulation of the loss quantification model for ANPC inverters, establishing the relationship between predicted losses and switching vectors. Building on this foundation, we develop a loss equalization modulation control strategy featuring closed-loop loss control. The effectiveness and practicality of the proposed control method are rigorously validated using simulations and low-power experimental testing, demonstrating its potential to enhance both the reliability and efficiency of traction inverters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Power Converters and Inverters)
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Review

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23 pages, 933 KB  
Review
Characterising Non-Intentional Supraharmonic Emissions from Inverters in Power Grids: Review and Challenges
by Kasun Peiris, Sean Elphick and Duane Robinson
Energies 2025, 18(11), 2980; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112980 - 5 Jun 2025
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2133
Abstract
Supraharmonic emissions, referred to as voltage/current waveform distortions in the 2–150 kHz range, have been identified as an emerging power quality concern. With the increased number of non-linear devices connected to the power grid, such as photovoltaic inverter systems, supraharmonic disturbances are expected [...] Read more.
Supraharmonic emissions, referred to as voltage/current waveform distortions in the 2–150 kHz range, have been identified as an emerging power quality concern. With the increased number of non-linear devices connected to the power grid, such as photovoltaic inverter systems, supraharmonic disturbances are expected to increase. Despite being a source of supraharmonic emissions, power electronic equipment has become a ubiquitous technology due to recent advancements. Similarly, researchers around the world have started studying these emissions; however, complete systematic knowledge concerning supraharmonic emissions is yet to be achieved. This paper uniquely delves into characterising emissions using existing knowledge, significantly improving the understanding of their complex micro-level interactions and highlighting emerging challenges. The paper presents a comprehensive summary integrating existing studies on supraharmonic emissions in five key areas: emissions, propagation and attenuation, measurement techniques, modelling and simulation, and mitigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Power Converters and Inverters)
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