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Energy Consumption in the EU Countries: 4th Edition
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Energy Consumption in the EU Countries: 4th Edition

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "C: Energy Economics and Policy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2026 | Viewed by 4954

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Tomasz Rokicki

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Institute of Economics and Finance, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: energy economy; (micro- and macro-economy); economic geography; logistics (above all transport problems); management of information
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Bogdan Klepacki

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Economics and Finance, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warszawa, Poland
Interests: energy economy; (micro and macro economy); economic geography; logistics (above all transport problems); management of information
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agrotechnology and Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Michała Oczapowskiego 8, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
Interests: energy consumption; energy economic; energy market
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Energy is a basic good necessary to fulfill demand for the electricity used in heating systems, cooling systems, and others. Particular attention is paid to renewable energy sources, which provide clean energy, yet the use of traditional fossil fuels is rising because of the increasing demands for energy. Moreover, GHG emissions and other emissions created by greenhouse gasses threaten the environment and have caused a worldwide increase in temperatures, have polluted water resources, and have decreased food security.

The only way to solve the problem and reduce GHG emissions is through the production and consumption of clean energy. The above are the possible topics for this Special Issue; however, we encourage authors to send other related works for possible publication. The scope can be extended for other works contributing to energy consumption in general.

Dr. Tomasz Rokicki
Prof. Dr. Bogdan Klepacki
Dr. Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • energy consumption
  • energy production
  • energy consumers and producers
  • clean energy
  • renewable energy
  • energy markets
  • energy
  • energy efficiency
  • circular economy
  • environmental impact of energy consumption
  • social and economic aspects of energy
  • directions of energy development

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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24 pages, 671 KB  
Article
Poland’s Renewable Energy Transition (2010–2023): A Fuzzy Time Series and Multi-Criteria Assessment of Transition Quality in Electricity Production
by Bożena Gajdzik, Radosław Wolniak and Wiesław-Wes Grebski
Energies 2026, 19(5), 1248; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19051248 - 2 Mar 2026
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 808
Abstract
This study evaluates the quality and dynamics of the renewable energy transition in Poland’s electricity sector during the years 2010–2023 through an integrated Fuzzy Time Series (FTS) and Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Evaluation (FMCE) methodology. The evaluation is based on five production-related criteria: the production [...] Read more.
This study evaluates the quality and dynamics of the renewable energy transition in Poland’s electricity sector during the years 2010–2023 through an integrated Fuzzy Time Series (FTS) and Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Evaluation (FMCE) methodology. The evaluation is based on five production-related criteria: the production of renewable electricity, the capacity of installed renewable energy sources, investment costs, innovation costs, and total electricity production. Contrary to trend projection and elasticity ratio methods, the new approach determines qualitative transition states (Low, Medium, High) and their transitions over time in the presence of non-linearities and partial progress. The outcome shows a protracted pre-transformational period from 2010 to 2014, with features of perpetual Low → Low transitions and high system inertia. The first qualitatively detectable transition takes place in 2015, where the renewable electricity output regime shifts from Low to Medium, symbolizing the beginning of the moderate transition phase. The Medium regime continues until 2021, with little innovation expenditure, signifying a consolidation rather than acceleration phase. The most significant transition regime shift takes place in 2022, where the system advances from Medium to High, fueled by the cumulative growth of renewable electricity output, capacity, and total electricity production. The High regime is maintained in 2023, indicating a systemic rather than a temporary transition. The results show that the transition of Poland towards renewable energy sources has been following a non-linear and regime-dependent path, with turning points marking observable qualitative state transitions rather than the beginning of trends. The FTS-FMCE approach is a powerful method for separating growth from transformation, and it has been shown to be useful for coal-dependent economies that experience a delayed but accelerating energy transition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Consumption in the EU Countries: 4th Edition)
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19 pages, 1953 KB  
Article
Coal Consumption Efficiency in the European Union—Trends and Challenges
by Aneta Masternak-Janus
Energies 2025, 18(16), 4273; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18164273 - 11 Aug 2025
Viewed by 937
Abstract
Coal plays a significant role in the economies of many countries and serves as an energy source for numerous societies. However, its combustion causes various environmental problems and contributes to climate change. This article examines the efficiency of coal consumption in 26 European [...] Read more.
Coal plays a significant role in the economies of many countries and serves as an energy source for numerous societies. However, its combustion causes various environmental problems and contributes to climate change. This article examines the efficiency of coal consumption in 26 European Union countries and its changes from 2014 to 2022. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology was applied to measure the extent of overall technical, pure technical, and scale technical efficiency, based on data concerning three production factors (labour, fixed assets, and energy), with GDP as a desirable output and CO2 emissions as an undesirable output. The empirical findings revealed that Cyprus, Denmark, Luxembourg, and Poland were efficiency leaders throughout the entire study period. France, Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands managed energy and non-energy resources efficiently but were found inefficient in terms of operational scale. Countries that do not use their resources at optimal levels in the production of goods and services should provide greater technical and financial support to their production processes and improve the organisation and structure of labour. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Consumption in the EU Countries: 4th Edition)
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21 pages, 569 KB  
Article
Optimization of Electricity Consumption-Associated Costs in a Medium-Sized Logistics Company
by Martins Tisenkopfs, Leo Jansons, Ineta Geipele, Sanda Lapuke and Andris Backurs
Energies 2025, 18(12), 3206; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18123206 - 18 Jun 2025
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1492
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to investigate the possibilities of electricity consumption-associated cost reduction in buildings owned by a medium-sized logistics company in Latvia (A_LV), which is a part of the larger international business ecosystem (A). The company is not using all [...] Read more.
The purpose of this research is to investigate the possibilities of electricity consumption-associated cost reduction in buildings owned by a medium-sized logistics company in Latvia (A_LV), which is a part of the larger international business ecosystem (A). The company is not using all of its facilities for its own business needs, some of them are rented out, and therefore the possibility of impacting electricity consumption in rented out buildings is limited. During the research, mixed-type approaches combining qualitative and quantitative research methods and data analysis were employed, where the quantitative methods helped to analyze the company’s electricity consumption and cost changes in different time periods, while the qualitative methods were used in a literature review. As primary data sources, A_LV’s internal electricity consumption reports and invoices for electricity payments were used, along with publicly available data on electricity consumption in Latvia and wholesale market price fluctuations. Although A_LV has numerous areas of electricity consumption optimization, this research is limited to few of them—lighting system optimization, energy management and automation applications, forklift charging regime adjustments, and choice of electricity retailer and tariff plan. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Consumption in the EU Countries: 4th Edition)
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Other

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49 pages, 2914 KB  
Systematic Review
Energy Consumption Prediction in Battery Electric Vehicles: A Systematic Literature Review
by Jairo Castillo-Calderón and Emilio Larrodé-Pellicer
Energies 2026, 19(2), 371; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19020371 - 12 Jan 2026
Viewed by 1103
Abstract
Predicting energy consumption in battery electric vehicles (BEVs) is a complex task due to the large number of influencing factors and their interdependencies. Nevertheless, reliable energy consumption estimation is essential to reduce range anxiety, facilitate route planning, manage charging infrastructure, and support more [...] Read more.
Predicting energy consumption in battery electric vehicles (BEVs) is a complex task due to the large number of influencing factors and their interdependencies. Nevertheless, reliable energy consumption estimation is essential to reduce range anxiety, facilitate route planning, manage charging infrastructure, and support more effective travel decisions that lower operational risks in transportation, thereby fostering wider BEV adoption. In this context, the present study examines the existing literature on methodologies for predicting BEV energy consumption through a systematic literature review (SLR) following the Denyer and Tranfield protocol and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The analysis covers modelling approaches, computational tools, model accuracy metrics, variable topology, sampling frequency and analysis period, modelling scale, and data sources. In addition, this review incorporates a structured assessment of the methodological quality of the included studies and a systematic evaluation of risk of bias, enabling a critical appraisal of the reliability and generalisability of reported findings. A comprehensive classification of modelling methodologies and variables is proposed, providing an integrative reference framework for future research. Overall, this study addresses existing research gaps, identifies current methodological limitations, and outlines directions for future work on BEV energy consumption prediction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Consumption in the EU Countries: 4th Edition)
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