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Economic and Social Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Energy Sector Ⅱ

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A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "C: Energy Economics and Policy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2024 | Viewed by 6726

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Tomasz Rokicki

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Guest Editor

Management Institute, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska St. 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: energy economy; micro- and macro-economy; economic geography; logistics (above all transport problems); management of information
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Piotr Bórawski

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Department of Agronomy and Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
Interests: agricultural economics; rural areas development; renewable energy sources; biomass production
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Dr. Sebastian Saniuk

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Department of Engineering Management and Logistic Systems, Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Zielona Góra, 65-417 Zielona Góra, Poland
Interests: management science, production engineering, logistics, production management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many sectors and areas of economic activity, including the energy sector and the entire energy market. The specific economic and social effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are evident; thus, they can be observed and carefully assessed because the pandemic has endured for over a year. The effects of a pandemic can be positive as well as negative. On the one hand, there have been changes in the energy enterprises themselves, including adaptation to the needs of consumers. On the other hand, there have been demand-related changes in the energy market. Models of the consumption and distribution of energy have changed due to, inter alia, the increase in time spent at home or working remotely. The nature of work in enterprises and trade has also changed and, as a result, the energy balance has changed. These changes could also affect energy prices and methods of energy distribution. The current circumstances could also have contributed to the increased speed of research on alternative energy sources and renewable energy usage. The pandemic led to innovation in many industries, which also indirectly influenced the directions of changes in the energy market and in the energy sector. Society’s attitudes towards energy issues have also changed. Under such difficult lockdown conditions, with this resource becoming so crucial, people have appreciated the innovations and the introduction of environmentally friendly and energy-saving changes.

The aim of this Special Issue is to highlight research on the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the broadly understood energy sector and on the energy market after one year.

Dr. Tomasz Rokicki
Dr. Piotr Bórawski
Dr. Sebastian Saniuk
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

changes in the energy sector as a result of COVID-19
the energy market during the pandemic
changes in energy balance as a result of COVID-19
retail and wholesale energy prices during the pandemic
adaptation measures in the energy sector during the pandemic
the energy consumption in the private and public sectors as a result of COVID-19
the energy consumption by individual consumers and businesses during the pandemic
innovation in the energy sector and the energy market during the pandemic
innovation in other sectors during the COVID-19 pandemic affecting energy consumption
renewable energy during the pandemic
alternative energy sources during the pandemic
shifting energy-related ecological and environmental patterns as a result of COVID-19
projected social consequences of COVID-19 on the energy market and the energy sector

Related Special Issue

Economic and Social Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Energy Sector in Energies (16 articles)

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 3523 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Perspectives of Electricity Production from Biogas in the European Union

by Piotr Bórawski, Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska, Zuzana Kapsdorferová, Tomasz Rokicki, Andrzej Parzonko and Lisa Holden

Energies 2024, 17(5), 1169; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17051169 - 01 Mar 2024

Viewed by 1115

Abstract

Biogas is a renewable energy source (RES). The aim of this research was to analyze the perspectives of electricity production from biogas in the European Union. The main source of information was data from Eurostat. We analyzed electricity production from biogas in the European Union (EU). The scope of this research was data from 2012 to 2021. First, we presented biogas production by feedstock type across the world. Then, we presented changes in electricity production from biogas in the EU. We used different methods to evaluate the changes in biogas production. First, we used the ARiMA (Autoregressive Moving Average) model to evaluate the stationarity of the time series. Our electricity production from biogas data proved to be stationary. Second, we elaborated on the prognosis of future changes in electricity production from biogas. The largest producer of biogas is the EU, and it is produced from crops, animal manure, and municipal solid waste. Our research found that the largest production from biogas in 2021 took place in Germany, Italy, and France. These countries have the greatest potential for electricity production from biogas, and they have spent significant funds on facilities and technology. Such countries as Ireland, Greece, Spain, France, Croatia, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Finland, and Sweden increased their electricity production from biogas in 2021 compared to 2020. According to our prognosis, the global production of biogas will increase from 62.300 TWh to 64.000 TWh in 2019–2026 (2.7% increase). In 2022–2026, such countries as Estonia (60.4%), Latvia (29.6%), Croatia (27.6%), Slovenia (10.9%), and Poland (8.2%) will increase their electricity production from biogas the most. In 2022–2026, such countries as Italy (0.68%), Portugal (1.1%), Greece (1.5%), Slovakia (2.3%), and Germany (2.6%) will increase their electricity production from biogas the least. Only Romania (−17.6%), Finland (−11.5%), Lithuania (−9.1%), and Malta (−1.06%) will decrease their production of electricity from biogas in 2022–2026. Such countries as Bulgaria (2344%), Denmark (590.9%), Croatia (449%), and France (183%) increased biogas consumption in 2013–2022. A decrease in the inland consumption of biogas in 2013–2022 was observed in Spain, Cyprus, Latvia, Luxembourg, Austria, and Slovenia. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic and Social Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Energy Sector Ⅱ)

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18 pages, 442 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Performance of the Polish Biofuel Industry after Accession to the European Union in the Area of Sustainable Development Concepts

by Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska

Energies 2023, 16(22), 7541; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16227541 - 12 Nov 2023

Viewed by 760

Abstract

Poland is an important producer of rapeseed used in the biofuel industry. The rate of production of the biofuel industry increased after Poland’s accession to the European Union (EU). The reasons for these changes are numerous, of which the European Union’s energy policy is the most important. This paper aims to analyze the performance of the biofuel industry in Poland in view of changes in the market. Moreover, I evaluated changes in the biofuel industry after Poland’s accession to the EU. In addition, I analyzed the fixed and current assets of the Polish biofuel. The hypothesis that the price of rapeseed oil is the key determinant of profitability in the biodiesel industry was formulated. A statistical analysis proved the second hypothesis stating that the net profit of biodiesel companies depends on biodiesel production to the greatest extent. The time range of the analysis was 2005–2021. To analyze the economic performance of the biofuel industry in Poland, these changes were used. A regression analysis to find factors influencing the economic performance of the biofuel industry was used. More and more oils are used for the production of first-generation biofuels. Refined rapeseed oil also increased from 386.5 thousand tons to 780.6 thousand tons. Such numbers demonstrate the development of biofuel markets. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic and Social Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Energy Sector Ⅱ)

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19 pages, 296 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Impact of Energy Consumption Costs on the Profitability of Production Companies in Poland in the Context of the Energy Crisis

by Beata Milewska and Dariusz Milewski

Energies 2023, 16(18), 6519; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16186519 - 10 Sep 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1304

Abstract

The paper presents the results of the authors’ research on the share of energy costs in revenues and their impact on the profitability of companies. This research was inspired by a large increase in energy prices in 2022. The authors analyzed the shares of energy consumption costs in production companies from various industries, using various sources: scientific literature, expert studies, and statistical data. Based on the results of these analyses, the authors simulated the impact of changes in energy prices on the profitability of companies. The research results are as follows: according to the authors, the share of these costs in the value of sales is much lower (several percent) than presented in various literature sources (a dozen or so, and even up to 30% in some cases). Despite this, however, the change in energy prices should significantly reduce profitability according to the simulations conducted by the authors. However, the financial reports analyzed by the authors show that profitability in many cases not only did not deteriorate, but revenues and profits increased in a large number of companies. In many cases, this can be explained by the actions taken by companies to reduce energy consumption costs and by increases in product prices. The authors’ research also shows that if factors such as the specificity of the industry or the size of the company have an impact on energy efficiency, it is only to a small extent. The share of energy costs in sales and financial results, even within a given industry and in companies of similar size, varies greatly. The authors therefore believe that the effectiveness of the management of a given company has the greatest impact. Therefore, the results of the analysis differ significantly from the results of studies presented in the literature. Energy consumption data were analyzed using various literature sources from different countries. However, the main analyses conducted by the authors focused on Poland. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic and Social Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Energy Sector Ⅱ)

10 pages, 678 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Unraveling the COVID-19 Pandemic’s Impact on South Korea’s Macroeconomy: Unearthing Novel Transmission Channels within the Energy Sector and Production Technologies

by Yugang He

Energies 2023, 16(9), 3691; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16093691 - 25 Apr 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1322

Abstract

As a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, Korea’s economy has experienced significant setbacks. Thus, this article examines the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on Korea’s key macroeconomic indicators via the transmission channels of oil prices and production technology. Using Bayesian estimation and impulse response functions for empirical investigation, the results suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has intensified the reduction in firm production, consumption of oil-based goods, employment, and investment. Increasingly, households rely on non-oil goods rather than oil-based ones. Similarly, the results suggest that the drop in production technology levels brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic has a stronger impact on business output and investment but a lesser influence on household employment. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a decline in household non-oil consumption as well as household and business consumption of oil-based goods. To sum up, the existing Korean literature on this issue might be improved by including the findings offered in this article. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic and Social Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Energy Sector Ⅱ)

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14 pages, 1577 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the World Energy and Food Commodity Prices: Implications for Global Economic Growth

by Szczepan Figiel, Zbigniew Floriańczyk and Marek Wigier

Energies 2023, 16(7), 3152; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16073152 - 31 Mar 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1311

Abstract

The negative socio-economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic are widely discussed. However, relatively less attention is paid to its impact on the world commodity price formation including energy and food prices. The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on world energy commodity prices and their interactions with world food commodity prices. Using the World Bank data on commodity prices we look for evidence of changes in energy and food prices caused by occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic, which was assumed to be a negative shock to the global economy in terms of both supply and demand. Based on data series analysis of indices of world energy and food commodity prices, it is evident that after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic the energy prices, especially oil prices, plummeted. Food prices followed the same direction; however, their plunge was much less extreme. In general, it can be concluded that the pandemic caused a severe energy price shock which clearly had a negative impact on global economic growth, but the scale of this impact differs depending on the type of economic sector and countries’ net export positions in energy and food trade. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Economic and Social Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Energy Sector Ⅱ)

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