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Energies
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New Solutions in Electric Machines and Motor Drives: 2nd Edition
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New Solutions in Electric Machines and Motor Drives: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "E: Electric Vehicles".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 September 2025) | Viewed by 9383

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Natalia Radwan-Pragłowska

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
Interests: PM machines; electromechanical energy conversion
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Tomasz Wegiel

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
Interests: PM machines; variable speed generation; small hydropower plants
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Maciej Sułowicz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
Interests: data acquisition; fault diagnosis of electrical machines and drives; time-frequency analysis; wavelet transforms; artificial intelligence; neural networks; fuzzy logic; measurements and data analysis; diagnostics of industrial process; industry application diagnostic methods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the coming years, global trends will continue to reduce carbon emissions from engines and fuel consumption, and hence the development of electric machines will surely continue. The aim of this Special Issue is to encourage scientists to publish their theoretical, simulation and experimental research related to a wide range of topics connected to electric machines and motor drives. We invite authors to submit articles connected with new trends in the field of electric machine and motor drives, for example renewable energy systems (including permanent magnet machines) and solutions for vehicle systems, which are also currently growing rapidly. Experts in this field are encouraged to share their latest discoveries in the form of original research papers. The works presented in this Special Issue should concern issues related to the design, operation and optimization of electric machines and motor drives, as well as descriptions of the newest solutions in this topic.

In the case of simulation studies, we particularly encourage authors to present the results of calculation-based analysis using FEM tools as well as methods based on equivalent circuit models and others as an alternative to FEM research.

The focuses of this Special Issue include, without being limited to, the following themes:

  • New trends and solutions in electric machines and motor drives;
  • Renewable energy generators;
  • Vehicle systems;
  • Industry applications;
  • Automotive applications;
  • Diagnostics of electrical machines.

It is our pleasure to invite you to submit your original work to our Special Issue. We look forward to receiving your outstanding research.

Dr. Natalia Radwan-Pragłowska
Prof. Dr. Tomasz Wegiel
Prof. Dr. Maciej Sułowicz
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • renewable energy systems
  • new solutions in electric machines
  • electric vehicle
  • permanent magnet generator
  • permanent magnet motor
  • numerical analysis of electric machines
  • FEM analysis of electric machines
  • modelling of electric machines

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Related Special Issues

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

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4 pages, 165 KB  
Editorial
New Solutions in Electric Machines and Motor Drives: 2nd Edition
by Natalia Radwan-Pragłowska and Tomasz Węgiel
Energies 2026, 19(11), 2639; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19112639 - 29 May 2026
Viewed by 161
Abstract
Researchers are constantly seeking new solutions for electric machines and drives [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Solutions in Electric Machines and Motor Drives: 2nd Edition)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

30 pages, 1247 KB  
Article
Impact of the Deadlock Handling Method on the Energy Efficiency of a System of Multiple Automated Guided Vehicles in a Production Environment Described as a Square Topology
by Waldemar Małopolski, Jerzy Zając, Wojciech Klein and Rafał Cupek
Energies 2025, 18(23), 6321; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18236321 - 1 Dec 2025
Viewed by 1032
Abstract
Efficient control a system of multiple Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) is crucial for modern intralogistics given the growing importance of energy consumption and operating costs. This study investigates the impact of two deadlock handling methods: Chain Of Reservations (COR) and Structural On-line Control [...] Read more.
Efficient control a system of multiple Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) is crucial for modern intralogistics given the growing importance of energy consumption and operating costs. This study investigates the impact of two deadlock handling methods: Chain Of Reservations (COR) and Structural On-line Control Policy (SOCP), on the energy efficiency and performance of AGV systems operating in a production environment described as square topology. A simulation model developed in FlexSim implemented both methods using real AGV data on electricity consumption during various tasks. The analysis also discusses the adopted battery charging strategy. Simulation experiments combined each deadlock handling method with two path-planning strategies: shortest path and fastest path. Pseudocode algorithms for determining these paths in an environment described as square topology are provided. System performance was evaluated across a wide range of AGV fleet sizes, focusing on key indicators such as total energy consumption, time to complete transportation tasks, and AGV utilization rate. Multi-criteria optimization reduced the problem to two conflicting objectives: energy consumption and completion time, with Pareto fronts generated for each configuration studied. The results demonstrate that both the deadlock handling strategy and the selected pathfinding algorithm significantly influence the evaluation criteria. This original research integrates solving the deadlock problem with controlling energy efficiency and task completion time in structured transportation environments that are not deadlock-free by design. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Solutions in Electric Machines and Motor Drives: 2nd Edition)
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16 pages, 4299 KB  
Article
Investigation of Torque Enhancement in PMSMs for LEV Propulsion Using Magnet Segmentation
by Ali Sinan Cabuk and Ozgur Ustun
Energies 2025, 18(23), 6317; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18236317 - 30 Nov 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 625
Abstract
In this paper, the effect of eddy-current losses of permanent magnets (PMs) is studied by conducting analyses and experiments. PM segmentation is used to reduce eddy-current losses. Nowadays, many researchers are focusing on improving the efficiency and torque of permanent magnet synchronous motors [...] Read more.
In this paper, the effect of eddy-current losses of permanent magnets (PMs) is studied by conducting analyses and experiments. PM segmentation is used to reduce eddy-current losses. Nowadays, many researchers are focusing on improving the efficiency and torque of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), particularly in electric vehicle applications. This study evaluates PM eddy-current losses of an in-wheel-type PMSM designed for light electric vehicle (LEV) propulsion. Improving output torque and efficiency is essential in this type of direct-drive application. The eddy-current losses of PMs can be reduced by forming PMs as electrically isolated magnet segments. PM segmentation leads to shorter paths and reduces the values of eddy-currents, creating reduced magnetic losses. The improvement in torque production capability also implies an improvement in efficiency. To investigate the validity of PM segmentation, a three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA) software is used for non-segmented (monolithic) and segmented cases. The experimental study is conducted using monolithic PM and segmented PM rotor assemblies. This study demonstrates the contribution of PM segmentation to torque production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Solutions in Electric Machines and Motor Drives: 2nd Edition)
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21 pages, 9791 KB  
Article
Impact of Electric Motor Selection on the Efficiency and Reliability of Level Crossing Gate Drives in Polish Railway Infrastructure
by Zbigniew Goryca, Paweł Strączyński, Sebastian Różowicz, Karol Suchenia and Bartosz Woszczyna
Energies 2025, 18(22), 6050; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18226050 - 19 Nov 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 565
Abstract
Railway barrier drives are key components of railway infrastructure and have a direct impact on traffic safety. Many of the commonly used drives are mechanical EEG-type barrier drives. EEG is a commercial designation of level-crossing gate drives produced by one of the Polish [...] Read more.
Railway barrier drives are key components of railway infrastructure and have a direct impact on traffic safety. Many of the commonly used drives are mechanical EEG-type barrier drives. EEG is a commercial designation of level-crossing gate drives produced by one of the Polish railway signalling equipment manufacturers, currently known as Alstom ZWUS Polska Sp. z o.o. (Katowice, Poland). These drives are characterized by their simple design and low cost, but limited efficiency and durability. Operational experience shows particular problems with the operation of this type of drive in winter conditions. This article presents an analysis of the impact of the selection of electric motors on the efficiency and reliability of level crossing drives. In addition to discussing the classic design with a PRMOa90-90 motor, commonly used in EEG drives, two proprietary solutions are presented: a commutator motor with rectangular neodymium magnets and a brushless DC motor (BLDC). Key operating parameters such as energy efficiency, starting torque, durability, maintenance requirements, and costs were compared. The results of the analyses indicate that the use of motors with neodymium magnets and BLDC solutions can significantly increase the efficiency and reliability of barrier drives, with each variant presenting a different profile of advantages and limitations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Solutions in Electric Machines and Motor Drives: 2nd Edition)
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22 pages, 7584 KB  
Article
Diagnostics of Interior PM Machine Rotor Faults Based on EMF Harmonics
by Natalia Radwan-Pragłowska and Tomasz Wegiel
Energies 2024, 17(9), 2198; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17092198 - 3 May 2024
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1824
Abstract
This article presents a detailed study on the diagnosis of rotor faults in an Interior Permanent Magnet Machine based on a mathematical model. The authors provided a wide literature review, mentioning the fault diagnosis methods used for Permanent Magnet Machines. The research emphasizes [...] Read more.
This article presents a detailed study on the diagnosis of rotor faults in an Interior Permanent Magnet Machine based on a mathematical model. The authors provided a wide literature review, mentioning the fault diagnosis methods used for Permanent Magnet Machines. The research emphasizes the necessity of precise assumptions regarding winding construction to accurately analyze the additional harmonics appearing in rotor faults caused by electromotive force (EMF), i.e., rotor eccentricity and magnet damage. The article also discusses specific features appearing in the spectrum of air gap permeance functions and the impact of rotor eccentricity and magnet damage on PM flux density distribution and as a consequence on EMF stator windings. The novelty of the presented content is the analysis of induced EMFs for cases of the simultaneous occurrence of rotor eccentricity and PM damage. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for the diagnosis and understanding of internal asymmetries in Interior PM Machines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Solutions in Electric Machines and Motor Drives: 2nd Edition)
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18 pages, 5800 KB  
Article
Research on Analysis and Suppression Methods of the Bearing Current for Electric Vehicle Motor Driven by SiC Inverter
by Mingliang Yang, Yuan Cheng, Bochao Du, Yukuan Li, Sibo Wang and Shumei Cui
Energies 2024, 17(5), 1109; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17051109 - 26 Feb 2024
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3800
Abstract
The silicon carbide (SiC) inverter brings great advantages to the motor drive systems of new energy vehicles; however, severe challenges to the bearings also happen. The high dc bus voltage and switching frequency of SiC inverter can increase the discharge frequency and energy [...] Read more.
The silicon carbide (SiC) inverter brings great advantages to the motor drive systems of new energy vehicles; however, severe challenges to the bearings also happen. The high dc bus voltage and switching frequency of SiC inverter can increase the discharge frequency and energy when the bearing grease film collapses. As a result, the bearing suffers severe electric corrosion, and the service life of the motor drive system can be shortened. In this paper, the characteristics of common-mode voltage and bearing voltage are analyzed, firstly under space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM). After that, the common-mode equivalent circuit model of the motor drive system is established. The frequency characteristics of bearing voltage are revealed, and the safe working area is determined. Then, the frequency characteristics of bearing voltage and current are verified based on IGBT and SiC inverters in experiments. After that, by designing a common-mode filter, the bearing voltage and current are significantly attenuated. Furthermore, the active zero state PWM (AZSPWM) is adopted to reduce the common-mode voltage from the inverter. At the same time, combined with the common-mode filter, the bearing voltage and current are further reduced. The experimental results show that the switching frequency has a decisive effect on the amplitude of bearing voltage and current. The bearing voltage can be attenuated to around half of the reference bearing voltage by using the common-mode filter and AZSPWM strategy, respectively. The combination of the common-mode filter and AZSPWM strategy can reduce the bearing voltage to around one-fourth of the reference bearing voltage, which can effectively reduce the breakdown time and discharge energy of the grease oil film. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Solutions in Electric Machines and Motor Drives: 2nd Edition)
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