Endodontics and Restorative Sciences: 2nd Edition

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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Currently, the trends in dentistry tend to direct dental treatments towards more conservative and minimally invasive procedures. That said, endodontics and restorative sciences play major roles in the treatment plans and dental care currently provided to patients. These two areas have always complemented each other and should continue to do so in the future. In the field of endodontics, improvements in dental materials, such as reparative biomaterials or sealers, associated with new instruments, such as files manufactured using nickel–titanium heat treatments or new-generation ultrasonic tips or microscopes, and complemented with digital clinical and research techniques and tools, such as endodontics dynamic navigation, finite elements analysis or computer fluid dynamics, have given rise to improved treatment quality and outcomes. Similarly, multiple advancements have been made in restorative fields in the past decade. The introduction of new restorative materials and the incorporation of digital technologies, such as intra and extra-oral scanners or CAD/CAM technologies, have changed clinicians’ workflows and improved the standard of care provided to patients.

This Special Issue intends to give an overview of the latest advancements, tendencies and applications in multiple areas of endodontics and restorative fields. It is my pleasure to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue, in which both research papers and reviews with a focus on the following potential topics are welcome.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Novel dental applications;
  • Advancements in endodontics and restorative technical procedures;
  • New digital technologies and recent developments in dental care;
  • Recent improvements in materials science with applications to both endodontics and oral rehabilitation;
  • New concepts and historical and future perspectives in endodontics and restorative fields.

Dr. Jorge N. R. Martins
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • endodontics
  • oral rehabilitation
  • dentistry
  • restorative

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 6452 KiB  
Article
Influence of Continuous Rotation and Optimal Torque Reverse Kinematics on the Cyclic Fatigue Strength of Endodontic NiTi Clockwise Cutting Rotary Instruments
by Jorge N. R. Martins, Emmanuel J. N. L. Silva, Duarte Marques and Marco A. Versiani
Dent. J. 2024, 12(10), 317; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12100317 - 30 Sep 2024
Viewed by 798
Abstract
Objectives: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the cyclic fatigue strength of clockwise cutting rotary endodontic instruments when subjected to two different kinematics: continuous clockwise rotation and clockwise reciprocation movement under optimum torque reverse (OTR) motion. Methods: New ProTaper Next [...] Read more.
Objectives: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the cyclic fatigue strength of clockwise cutting rotary endodontic instruments when subjected to two different kinematics: continuous clockwise rotation and clockwise reciprocation movement under optimum torque reverse (OTR) motion. Methods: New ProTaper Next X1 (n = 20) and X2 (n = 20) instruments were randomly divided into two subgroups (n = 10) based on kinematics (continuous rotation or OTR). The specimens were tested using a custom-made device with a non-tapered stainless-steel artificial canal measuring 19 mm in length, featuring a 6 mm radius and an 86-degree curvature. All instruments were tested with a lubricant at room temperature until a fracture occurred. The time to fracture and the length of the separated fragment were recorded. Subsequently, the fractured instruments were inspected under a scanning electron microscope for signs of cyclic fatigue failure, plastic deformation, and/or crack propagation. The subgroup comparisons for time to fracture and instrument length were performed using the independent samples t-test, with the level of statistical significance set at 0.05. Results: When using OTR movement, the ProTaper Next X1 increased the time to fracture from 52.9 to 125.8 s (p < 0.001), while the ProTaper Next X2 increased from 45.4 to 66.0 s (p < 0.001). No subgroup exhibited plastic deformations, but both showed dimpling marks indicative of cyclic fatigue as the primary mode of failure. Additionally, OTR movement resulted in more metal alloy microcracks. Conclusions: The use of OTR motion extended the lifespan of the tested instruments and resulted in a higher number of metal microcracks. This suggests that OTR motion helped to distribute the mechanical stress more evenly across the instrument, thereby relieving localized tension. As a result, it delayed the formation of a single catastrophic crack, enhancing the overall performance of the instruments during the experimental procedures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Endodontics and Restorative Sciences: 2nd Edition)
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10 pages, 1440 KiB  
Article
Photothermal Effect of 970 nm Diode Laser Irradiation on Enterococcus faecalis Biofilms in Single-Rooted Teeth Ex Vivo
by Soraya Tanner, Anna Thibault, Julian Grégoire Leprince and Serge Bouillaguet
Dent. J. 2024, 12(10), 308; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12100308 - 27 Sep 2024
Viewed by 883
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the photothermal effect of a 970 nm diode laser on Enterococcus faecalis biofilms. Methods: 72 extracted human single-rooted teeth were prepared, sterilized, and inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis to establish a two-week-old biofilm. [...] Read more.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the photothermal effect of a 970 nm diode laser on Enterococcus faecalis biofilms. Methods: 72 extracted human single-rooted teeth were prepared, sterilized, and inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis to establish a two-week-old biofilm. The specimens were divided into six groups (n = 12): Group 1 (G1)—negative control (PBS—no laser), Group 2 (G2)—positive control (1% NaOCl rinse—no laser), Group 3 (G3)—a 970 nm laser in 1.5 W pulse mode, Group 4 (G4)—a 970 nm laser in 2 W pulse mode, Group 5 (G5)—a 970 nm laser in 1.5 W continuous mode, Group 6 (G6)—a 970 nm laser in 2 W continuous mode. Bacterial viability was evaluated using the LIVE/DEAD BacLight kit and analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Temperature changes on the root surface during irradiation were analyzed using a K-type thermocouple. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test (α = 0.05). Results: Bacterial viability was significantly reduced after laser irradiation in continuous mode using 1.5 W (21% of live bacteria) and 2 W (14% of live bacteria). When the pulsed mode was applied, the reduction in bacterial viability was less, with a mean survival of 53% (1.5 PF, whereas 29% of bacteria survived after 2 W irradiation). Conclusions: The 970 nm diode laser at 2 W continuous mode effectively reduced the viability of E. faecalis biofilms in root canals without causing unacceptable temperature rises at the root surface. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Endodontics and Restorative Sciences: 2nd Edition)
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Review

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11 pages, 234 KiB  
Review
Evaluating Treatment Modalities for Reducing Recurrence in Central Giant Cell Granuloma: A Narrative Review
by Flamur Aliu, Donika Bajrami Shabani, Iliriana Aliu, Etleva Droboniku Qeli, Gerta Kaçani, Luca Fiorillo and Aida Meto
Dent. J. 2024, 12(9), 295; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12090295 - 19 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1038
Abstract
Treating central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is challenging due to high recurrence rates and variable therapy responses. This study examines the efficacy of various treatments in reducing CGCG recurrence. A literature review explored outcomes of surgical excision, curettage, intralesional corticosteroid injection, and adjuvant [...] Read more.
Treating central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is challenging due to high recurrence rates and variable therapy responses. This study examines the efficacy of various treatments in reducing CGCG recurrence. A literature review explored outcomes of surgical excision, curettage, intralesional corticosteroid injection, and adjuvant therapy, considering factors like lesion location, size, and histological features. Aggressive surgical techniques such as en bloc resection were found to potentially lower recurrence rates compared to conservative approaches. However, treatment should be tailored to individual patient needs. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and improve treatment strategies. A concise literature review was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar, focusing on papers published from 1986 to 2024. Search terms included “central giant cell granuloma”, “recurrence”, “treatment modalities”, and “surgical excision”. Studies reporting recurrence rates and treatment outcomes for CGCG were analyzed. Twenty-nine studies were reviewed, including six studies on surgical excision and curettage, eight studies on intralesional corticosteroid injections, six studies on calcitonin therapy, five studies on interferon-alpha therapy, and four studies on the therapy with denosumab. Analysis indicated that aggressive surgical treatments like en bloc resection were associated with lower recurrence rates compared to conservative methods. Predictors of recurrence included lesion size (>3 cm), location (mandible), and aggressive histopathological features. Aggressive surgical excision combined with nonsurgical methods may lower recurrence rates, while conservative techniques remain viable in some cases. Further prospective research is needed to validate these findings and enhance CGCG treatment options. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Endodontics and Restorative Sciences: 2nd Edition)
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