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Crystals
Special Issues
Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Steels
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Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Steels

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Crystalline Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2025 | Viewed by 2269

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Lei Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Interests: welding; additive manufacturing; microstructure; mechanical Properties; numerical simulation
Prof. Dr. Kehong Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Interests: additive manufacturing; microstructure; mechanical properties; welding; crystal growth
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Steel has a very long history, dating back to 4,000 years ago. In recent times, with the continuous development of science and technology, the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of steel have gradually become one of the hot research topics in materials science. Scholars use many characterization techniques to observe and analyze the microstructure of steel, analyze the mechanism of its formation and evolution, and establish the relationship between microstructures and mechanical properties. In addition, scholars also regulate the microstructure of steel through some methods, such as heat treatment, adding alloying elements, processing deformation, etc., to obtain steel with better properties. Of course, there are many processing methods for steel, including but not limited to traditional casting, welding, and emerging additive manufacturing technology. These processing methods make steel widely used in petrochemical, aerospace, military, and other fields. It also requires a deeper study of steel's microstructure and mechanical properties, such as its high-temperature mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, and microstructure evolution. This Special Issue on Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Steels is dedicated to further enriching and perfecting the data and theories in this field.

Dr. Lei Wang
Prof. Dr. Kehong Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • steel
  • microstructure
  • materials characterization
  • mechanical Properties
  • additive manufacturing
  • welding
  • casting
  • numerical simulation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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10 pages, 7079 KiB  
Article
Revealing the Role of Pre-Strain on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a High-Mn Austenitic Steel
by Chao Sun, Bin Xu, Xuqiang Yan, Yufei Zhu, Jieru Yu, Bin Hu, Yishuang Yu, Shilong Liu and Xuejun Jin
Crystals 2024, 14(12), 1054; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14121054 - 4 Dec 2024
Viewed by 847
Abstract
The effects of different pre-strain levels on the dislocation density, twinning behavior, resultant tensile properties, and cryogenic impact toughness of a high-manganese austenitic steel for low-temperature service were investigated. The results indicate that the dislocation density and volume fraction of twins are sharply [...] Read more.
The effects of different pre-strain levels on the dislocation density, twinning behavior, resultant tensile properties, and cryogenic impact toughness of a high-manganese austenitic steel for low-temperature service were investigated. The results indicate that the dislocation density and volume fraction of twins are sharply increased when the pre-strain exceeds 15%, leading to an increase in yield strength and a decrease in impact toughness. At a 5% pre-strain level, few mechanical twins are observed while the dislocation density increases, resulting in enhanced yield strength whilst maintaining the toughness. The dislocation and grain refinement strengthening effects dominate the yield strength at various pre-strain levels. The initial mechanical twins and increased dislocations induced by pre-straining adversely affect the impact toughness. These findings validate the potential of controlling the mechanical twins and dislocations via pre-strain treatment as an effective approach to tailoring the mechanical properties of high-manganese austenitic steel. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Steels)
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14 pages, 12901 KiB  
Article
Effect of Trace Rare Earth Element Cerium (Ce) on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High Strength Marine Engineering Steel
by Ruifeng Dong, Peiying Zhou, Jiquan Chen, Yuansu Lei, Xiong Yang, Yanjie Wu, Jing Guo and Qingling Cui
Crystals 2024, 14(10), 863; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14100863 - 30 Sep 2024
Viewed by 956
Abstract
In this paper, FH460 special steel with rare earth element cerium (Ce) was selected, and the control group without Ce was set up. By changing the content of Ce, the microstructure, phase transition point, and mechanical properties of the test steel were observed [...] Read more.
In this paper, FH460 special steel with rare earth element cerium (Ce) was selected, and the control group without Ce was set up. By changing the content of Ce, the microstructure, phase transition point, and mechanical properties of the test steel were observed to study the effect of trace rare earth element Ce on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high-strength marine engineering steel. The morphology and energy spectrum of inclusions in three kinds of test steels were observed by SEM, and the morphological changes in inclusions in FH460 high-strength marine engineering steel after adding Ce were investigated. The fracture morphology and energy spectrum analysis were carried out by combining the tensile test at room temperature and the gradient low temperature impact toughness test, and the effect of trace Ce on the mechanical properties of the test steel was comprehensively analyzed. The results show that the addition of Ce changes the phase transformation temperature of Ac1 and Ac3, and refines the original microstructure of the test steel. SEM observation showed that the addition of Ce changed the long strip MnS and polygonal irregular Al2O3 inclusions into ellipsoids, which reduced the size of inclusions. The gradient low temperature impact test shows that with the decrease in temperature, the fracture dimple depth of the three test sheets of steel decreases, and the Ce-containing test steel forms a deep dimple centered on rare earth inclusions, which hinders the crack propagation and significantly improves the low temperature impact toughness of the test steel. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Steels)
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