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Computers
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Advances in High-Performance Switching and Routing
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Advances in High-Performance Switching and Routing

A special issue of Computers (ISSN 2073-431X). This special issue belongs to the section "Cloud Continuum and Enabled Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 8994

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Hossein Fotouhi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Mälardalen University, 721 23 Västerås, Sweden
Interests: wireless networks; intelligent wireless communication; sensor networks; mobile computing; edge computing; Internet of Things; software defined networking
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Morteza Biabani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14395-515, Iran
Interests: Internet of Things; wireless networking; computer networking; packet switching.

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are delighted to announce the forthcoming Special Issue on "Advances in High-Performance Switching and Routing".

This Special Issue is dedicated to showcasing cutting-edge research, highlighting the latest findings and addressing the ongoing challenges pertaining to high-performance switching and routing in next-generation networks and systems. In the face of escalating traffic demands, the imperative for high-performance switching and routing has never been greater. Effectively managing the burgeoning requirements for bandwidth and minimized latency in the realm of multimedia services and cloud computing applications, alongside the optimization of data center capabilities and enhancements in switching efficiency, underscores the critical challenges confronting today's digital landscape. As we navigate this terrain, achieving elevated energy efficiency in the realm of switching and routing equipment has emerged as an additional cornerstone in reshaping the future of the Internet.

The landscape of high-performance switching and routing is evolving rapidly, and this Special Issue seeks to capture the pulse of innovation in this dynamic field. We invite researchers, scholars, and practitioners to contribute their valuable insights to this discourse, fostering the development of smarter, more effective, and more resilient switching and routing capabilities.

Key topics of interest for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to:

  • Innovative paradigms in high-performance switching and routing;
  • QoS (Quality of Service) enhancement strategies for next-generation networks;
  • Scaling data center architectures for enhanced switching capabilities;
  • Latency reduction techniques in multimedia and cloud environments;
  • Energy-efficient designs for switching and routing;
  • Novel algorithms for routing optimization in high-traffic scenarios.

We are privileged to have the honor of serving as Guest Editors for this Special Issue; we eagerly anticipate the diverse array of contributions that will enrich the conversation surrounding the advancement of high-performance switching and routing.

Dr. Hossein Fotouhi
Dr. Morteza Biabani
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Computers is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • traffic engineering and network management
  • routing protocols
  • network and service management
  • network-enabled devices
  • cloud computing
  • smart networks
  • 5G networks and beyond
  • Internet of Things networking
  • edge computing and software defined networking
  • cloud networking

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 431 KiB  
Article
Application of Proximal Policy Optimization for Resource Orchestration in Serverless Edge Computing
by Mauro Femminella and Gianluca Reali
Computers 2024, 13(9), 224; https://doi.org/10.3390/computers13090224 - 6 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1604
Abstract
Serverless computing is a new cloud computing model suitable for providing services in both large cloud and edge clusters. In edge clusters, the autoscaling functions play a key role on serverless platforms as the dynamic scaling of function instances can lead to reduced [...] Read more.
Serverless computing is a new cloud computing model suitable for providing services in both large cloud and edge clusters. In edge clusters, the autoscaling functions play a key role on serverless platforms as the dynamic scaling of function instances can lead to reduced latency and efficient resource usage, both typical requirements of edge-hosted services. However, a badly configured scaling function can introduce unexpected latency due to so-called “cold start” events or service request losses. In this work, we focus on the optimization of resource-based autoscaling on OpenFaaS, the most-adopted open-source Kubernetes-based serverless platform, leveraging real-world serverless traffic traces. We resort to the reinforcement learning algorithm named Proximal Policy Optimization to dynamically configure the value of the Kubernetes Horizontal Pod Autoscaler, trained on real traffic. This was accomplished via a state space model able to take into account resource consumption, performance values, and time of day. In addition, the reward function definition promotes Service-Level Agreement (SLA) compliance. We evaluate the proposed agent, comparing its performance in terms of average latency, CPU usage, memory usage, and loss percentage with respect to the baseline system. The experimental results show the benefits provided by the proposed agent, obtaining a service time within the SLA while limiting resource consumption and service loss. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in High-Performance Switching and Routing)
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18 pages, 2365 KiB  
Article
6G-RUPA: A Flexible, Scalable, and Energy-Efficient User Plane Architecture for Next-Generation Mobile Networks
by Sergio Giménez-Antón, Eduard Grasa, Jordi Perelló and Andrés Cárdenas
Computers 2024, 13(8), 186; https://doi.org/10.3390/computers13080186 - 25 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1811
Abstract
As the global deployment of Fifth Generation (5G) is being well consolidated, the exploration of Sixth Generation (6G) wireless networks has intensified, focusing on novel Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and Key Value Indicators (KVIs) that extend beyond traditional metrics like throughput and latency. [...] Read more.
As the global deployment of Fifth Generation (5G) is being well consolidated, the exploration of Sixth Generation (6G) wireless networks has intensified, focusing on novel Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and Key Value Indicators (KVIs) that extend beyond traditional metrics like throughput and latency. As 5G begins transitioning to vertical-oriented applications, 6G aims go beyond, providing a ubiquitous communication experience by integrating diverse Radio Access Networks (RANs) and fixed-access networks to form a hyper-converged edge. This unified platform will enable seamless network federation, thus realizing the so-called network of networks vision. Emphasizing energy efficiency, the present paper discusses the importance of reducing telecommunications’ environmental impact, aligning with global sustainability goals. Central to this vision is the proposal of a novel user plane network protocol architecture, called 6G Recursive User Plane Architecture (6G-RUPA), designed to be scalable, flexible, and energy-efficient. Briefly, 6G-RUPA offers superior flexibility in network adaptation, federation, scalability, and mobility management, aiming to enhance overall network performance and sustainability. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of 6G’s potential, from its conceptual framework to the high-level design of 6G-RUPA, addressing current challenges and proposing actionable solutions for next-generation mobile networks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in High-Performance Switching and Routing)
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18 pages, 4553 KiB  
Article
Real-Time Network Video Data Streaming in Digital Medicine
by Miklos Vincze, Bela Molnar and Miklos Kozlovszky
Computers 2023, 12(11), 234; https://doi.org/10.3390/computers12110234 - 14 Nov 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2422
Abstract
Today, the use of digital medicine is becoming more and more common in medicine. With the use of digital medicine, health data can be shared, processed, and visualized using computer algorithms. One of the problems currently facing digital medicine is the rapid transmission [...] Read more.
Today, the use of digital medicine is becoming more and more common in medicine. With the use of digital medicine, health data can be shared, processed, and visualized using computer algorithms. One of the problems currently facing digital medicine is the rapid transmission of large amounts of data and their appropriate visualization, even in 3D. Advances in technology offer the possibility to use new image processing, networking, and visualization solutions for the evaluation of medical samples. Because of the resolution of the samples, it is not uncommon that it takes a long time for them to be analyzed, processed, and shared. This is no different for 3D visualization. In order to be able to display digitalized medical samples in 3D at high resolution, a computer with computing power that is not necessarily available to doctors and researchers is needed. COVID-19 has shown that everyday work must continue even when there is a physical distance between the participants. Real-time network streaming can provide a solution to this, by creating a 3D environment that can be shared between doctors/researchers in which the sample being examined can be visualized. In order for this 3D environment to be available to everyone, it must also be usable on devices that do not have high computing capacity. Our goal was to design a general-purpose solution that would allow users to visualize large amounts of medical imaging data in 3D, regardless of the computational capacity of the device they are using. With the solution presented in this paper, our goal was to create a 3D environment for physicians and researchers to collaboratively evaluate 3D medical samples in an interdisciplinary way. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in High-Performance Switching and Routing)
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25 pages, 2070 KiB  
Article
Developing a Novel Hierarchical VPLS Architecture Using Q-in-Q Tunneling in Router and Switch Design
by Morteza Biabani, Nasser Yazdani and Hossein Fotouhi
Computers 2023, 12(9), 180; https://doi.org/10.3390/computers12090180 - 7 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2528
Abstract
Virtual Private LAN Services (VPLS) is an ethernet-based Virtual Private Network (VPN) service that provides multipoint-to-multipoint Layer 2 VPN service, where each site is geographically dispersed across a Wide Area Network (WAN). The adaptability and scalability of VPLS are limited despite the fact [...] Read more.
Virtual Private LAN Services (VPLS) is an ethernet-based Virtual Private Network (VPN) service that provides multipoint-to-multipoint Layer 2 VPN service, where each site is geographically dispersed across a Wide Area Network (WAN). The adaptability and scalability of VPLS are limited despite the fact that they provide a flexible solution for connecting geographically dispersed sites. Furthermore, the construction of tunnels connecting customer locations that are separated by great distances adds a substantial amount of latency to the user traffic transportation. To address these issues, a novel Hierarchical VPLS (H-VPLS) architecture has been developed using 802.1Q tunneling (also known as Q-in-Q) on high-speed and commodity routers to satisfy the additional requirements of new VPLS applications. The Vector Packet Processing (VPP) performs as the router’s data plane, and FRRouting (FRR), an open-source network routing software suite, acts as the router’s control plane. The router is designed to seamlessly forward VPLS packets using the Request For Comments (RFCs) 4762, 4446, 4447, 4448, and 4385 from The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) integrated with VPP. In addition, the Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) is used for Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) Pseudo-Wire (PW) signaling in FRR. The proposed mechanism has been implemented on a software-based router in the Linux environment and tested for its functionality, signaling, and control plane processes. The router is also implemented on commodity hardware for testing the functionality of VPLS in the real world. Finally, the analysis of the results verifies the efficiency of the proposed mechanism in terms of throughput, latency, and packet loss ratio. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in High-Performance Switching and Routing)
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