Mechanisms and Biomarkers of Neurotoxicity: From Molecular Pathways to Therapeutic Interventions

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Neuroscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2026 | Viewed by 1448

Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA
Interests: epilepsy; neurobehavior; neuroinflammation; neurotoxicity; nitro-oxidative stress; organophosphate nerve agents

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Guest Editor
Translational Neuroscience, Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Detroit, MI 48038, USA
Interests: neurotoxicology; polyfluoroalkyl substances; heavy metals; Alzheimer's disease; Parkinson’s disease; organophosphate pesticides; neuroscience
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
Interests: RNA biology; alternative splicing; circular RNAs; epilepsy; organophosphate nerve agent; neurotoxicity; molecular and translational neuroscience

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Neurotoxicity arises from diverse environmental, chemical, pharmacological, and endogenous insults that disrupt neural homeostasis across molecular, cellular, and systems levels. This Special Issue, “Mechanisms and Biomarkers of Neurotoxicity: From Molecular Pathways to Therapeutic Interventions,” aims to integrate emerging discoveries that elucidate how neurotoxic exposures reshape brain structure and function, and how these alterations can be detected, monitored, and ultimately mitigated. We welcome contributions that explore mechanistic pathways, including neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, and glial dysregulation, as drivers of acute and chronic neural injury. Particular emphasis will be placed on the identification and validation of multimodal biomarkers spanning molecular, imaging, electrophysiological, and behavioral domains that enhance early detection, prognostic assessment, and therapeutic monitoring. 

This Special Issue also seeks studies that bridge experimental and translational gaps, highlighting innovative therapeutic strategies targeting key molecular and cellular pathways to prevent or reverse neurotoxic damage. Submissions addressing life-stage vulnerability, sex-dependent effects, and long-term neuropsychiatric consequences are especially encouraged. By integrating mechanistic insights with biomarker discovery and intervention strategies, this Special Issue aims to advance precision approaches for diagnosing, monitoring, and treating neurotoxicity across diverse exposure contexts.

Dr. Nyzil Massey
Dr. Shreesh Raj Sammi
Dr. Diou Luo
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • neurotoxicity mechanisms
  • neuroinflammation
  • oxidative stress
  • biomarkers
  • neuroimaging
  • electrophysiology
  • glial activation
  • neurodegeneration
  • translational therapeutics
  • environmental neurotoxicology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

28 pages, 614 KB  
Review
Microglia in Epilepsy: From Molecular Mechanism to Therapeutic Strategy
by Yam Nath Paudel, Efthalia Angelopoulou, Sai Kulkarni, Robert E. Blair and Laxmikant S. Deshpande
Cells 2026, 15(9), 835; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells15090835 - 2 May 2026
Viewed by 966
Abstract
The limit of disease-modifying therapeutic strategies against epilepsy has prompted mainstream epilepsy research toward understanding the pathways contributing to epileptic seizures. Microglia, the powerhouse of the brain’s innate immune system, is known for its role in epileptic seizures, contributing via neuroinflammation, neuronal death, [...] Read more.
The limit of disease-modifying therapeutic strategies against epilepsy has prompted mainstream epilepsy research toward understanding the pathways contributing to epileptic seizures. Microglia, the powerhouse of the brain’s innate immune system, is known for its role in epileptic seizures, contributing via neuroinflammation, neuronal death, and neurogenesis. Therapeutic targeting of microglia with its inhibitor and therapeutic compounds modulating its activation reduces the development of spontaneous recurrent seizure after status epilepticus in a pre-clinical model. Herein, we review various aspects of microglia in epilepsy, including their contribution to seizure-induced neuronal death and neurogenesis, the outcome of depleting microglia (both pharmacologically and genetically), the aspects of microglia–astrocyte interaction, and promising therapeutic outcomes achieved by targeting microglia. Full article
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