Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Methods for Diamond and Graphene-Based Materials Synthesis for Nanoelectronics, Biomedical and Mechanical Applications

Dear Colleagues,

Carbon, with its ubiquity in the makeup of all living beings, holds a special place in the field of materials processing and pushes the frontier of technological innovations. This can be traced as far back as the incremental addition of carbon to iron to form steel, introducing the Iron Age, and all the way up to the far more recent discovery of graphene, which has rekindled interest in novel carbon-based materials. In this issue, the first focus is materials synthesis, i.e., processing pathways leading to the fabrication of nanomaterials. Given the structural complexity and metastability of these nanomaterials, it is not possible to fabricate most carbon nanostructures, such as doped and undoped nanodiamonds (NDs), reduced graphene oxide in pristine nature by employing bulk equilibrium-based pathways, leading to nonequilibrium approaches such as rapid thermal processing, laser annealing, and detonation and ion irradiations. The dual focus is on exploring the new functionalities in these carbon nanomaterials in the areas of electronics, by virtue of the ultrawide bandgap in diamond and record electron mobility in graphene. The biocompatibility of these nanomaterials complimented with drug delivery and catalytic applications provides a tremendous opportunity to harness ND and graphene in biomedical applications. Additionally, diamond is the hardest substance known to humankind, with graphene providing efficient lubrication and the constituents providing a good framework for nanocomposite fabrication in advanced industrial tooling.

Dr. Siddharth Gupta
Guest Editor

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