Carbon Fiber

A special issue of C (ISSN 2311-5629).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2018) | Viewed by 8469

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Energy Academic Group, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943, USA
Interests: heterogeneous catalysts; carbon materials; plasma generated materials; dielectrics metal particle synthesis; material-radical interactions; energy storage; microcalorimetry; mossbauer spectroscopy; quantum mechanics; plasma physics
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Dear Colleagues,

My experiences with carbon fiber, over almost 40 years, can be described as exciting, rapidly developing and broad; these same words can be used to describe carbon fiber developments for the world through that period as well. My first experience (1977) was assisting in the study of the crystalline state of iron during the catalytic formation of carbon fibers from hydrocarbons. There were no commercial products of significance, but we were speculating about possibilities. My next significant work (1985) was the serendipitous discovery that carbon fibers can be catalytically grown very rapidly from homogenous radicals formed in combustion mixtures under specific conditions. This led, circuitously, to the discovery that carbon nanotubes can be created using a microwave plasma system (2003). During this period, I bought my first ‘carbon’ frame bicycle (1995), which I still use to commute to work. There was a hiatus in my own work for more than a decade, but not in the world. Carbon fiber based skis, tennis rackets, airframes, and automobiles were all on a curve to ‘common’ by the time I returned to study new methods to make carbon fiber foams (2016), carbon fiber strain gauges (2015), and multi-scale carbon fiber fabrics (2014).

We hope, with this Special Issue, to get a snapshot of some of the work taking place in the world on carbon fibers in 2017. In addition to the continuing developments of carbon fiber for physical devices, from bicycles to bridges, even a brief survey shows 2017 to be a year in which rapid progress is taking place in the development of carbon fiber for a host of newer applications, including selective chemical detectors, low loading CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic) with high electrical and thermal conductivity, conductor elements in integrated circuits, CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) and other logic circuits, radiation shielding, 3D printer feed, batteries, supercapacitors, prosthetics, implants, corrosion resistant composites, catalysts and perhaps a dozen other categories that this editor does not know about. Additionally, in the world the importance of carbon continues to gain recognition. Perhaps, “exemplary” is a world-wide ad campaign recognizing Millie Dresselhaus, “queen of carbon”, for her pioneering work in all aspects of carbon. Thus, please share your work with us as we endeavor to provide a snapshot of current work, and a roadmap into the future that forms as fast as our imaginations.

Prof. Dr. Jonathan Phillips
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • carbon fiber
  • properties
  • applications
  • growth mechanism
  • catalysis
  • surface chemistry

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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6894 KiB  
Article
Meltblown Solvated Mesophase Pitch-Based Carbon Fibers: Fiber Evolution and Characteristics
by Zhongren Yue, Chang Liu and Ahmad Vakili
C 2017, 3(3), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/c3030026 - 8 Aug 2017
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 7961
Abstract
Potentially low-cost continuous carbon fibers are produced from solvated mesophase pitch through a patented meltblowing process. The structural evolution and properties of the fibers are characterized by various analytical methods. The meltblown fibers are continuous fibers which are collected into a fibrous web [...] Read more.
Potentially low-cost continuous carbon fibers are produced from solvated mesophase pitch through a patented meltblowing process. The structural evolution and properties of the fibers are characterized by various analytical methods. The meltblown fibers are continuous fibers which are collected into a fibrous web form, and the diameter of the filaments is attenuated by the flow rate of air streams. The spun fibers can be rapidly stabilized in air due to the high melting mesogens and the removable solvent. The carbonized fibers show a high carbon yield of 75 wt % (or 86 wt % if the solvents are neglected) and a mean diameter of 8–22 μm with typical fiber diameter distribution and variation. The evolution of the fiber structure depends not only on the processing temperature but also on the fiber diameter. The processed carbon fibers retain the same form as the spun fibers and have a low packing density and reasonable mechanical properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbon Fiber)
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