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Batteries
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Lithium-Ion Batteries: Latest Advances and Prospects II
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Lithium-Ion Batteries: Latest Advances and Prospects II

A special issue of Batteries (ISSN 2313-0105).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2022) | Viewed by 73415

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mohammad (Mim) Rahimi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Interests: electrochemical CO2 capture; waste heat conversion; thermal battery; lithium-ion battery; thermo-electrochemical cells; photocatalysis; membrane separation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), as a key part of the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, have become increasingly important in recent years, owing to their potential impact on building a more sustainable future. Compared with other developed batteries, LIBs offer high energy density, high discharge power, and long service life. These characteristics have facilitated a remarkable advance of LIBs in many frontiers, including electric vehicles, portable and flexible electronics, and stationary applications. Since the field of LIBs is advancing rapidly and attracting an increasing number of researchers, it is necessary to often provide the community with the latest updates. Therefore, this Special Issue was designed to focus on updating the electrochemical community with the latest advances and prospects on various aspects of LIBs. Researchers are invited to submit their original research as well as review/perspective articles for publication in this Special Issue. Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

  • Various types of LIBs: LCO, LMO, LFP, LNMC, LNCA, LTO, Li-S, Li-air;
  • Developing electrodes, electrolyte, and separators for LIBs;
  • Solid electrolyte interface (SEI);
  • Modeling of LIBs;
  • Battery management systems (BMS);
  • Battery life and safety;
  • Machine learning applications in LIBs;
  • Solid-state LIBs;
  • Wearable and flexible LIBs;
  • LIBs for electric vehicles.

Dr. Mohammad (Mim) Rahimi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Batteries is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • LCO, LMO, LFP, LNMC, LNCA, LTO, Li-S, Li-air
  • developing electrodes, electrolyte, and separators
  • solid electrolyte interface (SEI)
  • modeling of LIBs
  • battery management systems (BMS)
  • battery life and safety
  • machine learning applications
  • solid-state LIBs
  • wearable and flexible LIBs
  • electric vehicles

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3769 KiB  
Article
Discrimination of Poor Electrode Junctions within Lithium-Ion Batteries by Ultrasonic Measurement and Deep Learning
by Young-In Hwang, Jinhyun Park, Nauman Munir, Hak-Joon Kim, Sung-Jin Song and Ki-Bok Kim
Batteries 2022, 8(3), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries8030021 - 26 Feb 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4411
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries, which have high energy density, are the most suitable batteries for use in high-tech electromechanical applications requiring high performance. Because one of the important components that determines the efficiency of lithium-ion batteries is the electrode, the manufacturing process for this junction [...] Read more.
Lithium-ion batteries, which have high energy density, are the most suitable batteries for use in high-tech electromechanical applications requiring high performance. Because one of the important components that determines the efficiency of lithium-ion batteries is the electrode, the manufacturing process for this junction plays an important role in the entire production process. In particular, the process related to the resistance spot welding of the electrode is very important, directly affecting the safety of users, and greatly affecting the performance of the batteries. However, because the electrode tab is spot-welded onto the inner surface of the case, it is impossible to verify with visual testing (using the naked eye) whether the junction is well bonded. Therefore, it is very important to perform quality evaluation of the resistance welding of electrodes after completing the manufacturing process, using non-destructive testing methods. In this paper, a non-destructive ultrasonic testing technique was applied to examine the quality of lithium-ion batteries in which the negative electrode tabs were welded to the inner surface of the cell cans. The status of resistance spot welding between the electrode and the can was verified using deep-learning techniques with the experimentally acquired ultrasonic signal database. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lithium-Ion Batteries: Latest Advances and Prospects II)
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15 pages, 2400 KiB  
Article
Comparative Study of Equivalent Circuit Models Performance in Four Common Lithium-Ion Batteries: LFP, NMC, LMO, NCA
by Manh-Kien Tran, Andre DaCosta, Anosh Mevawalla, Satyam Panchal and Michael Fowler
Batteries 2021, 7(3), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries7030051 - 27 Jul 2021
Cited by 220 | Viewed by 34400
Abstract
Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are an important component of energy storage systems used in various applications such as electric vehicles and portable electronics. There are many chemistries of Li-ion battery, but LFP, NMC, LMO, and NCA are four commonly used types. In order for [...] Read more.
Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are an important component of energy storage systems used in various applications such as electric vehicles and portable electronics. There are many chemistries of Li-ion battery, but LFP, NMC, LMO, and NCA are four commonly used types. In order for the battery applications to operate safely and effectively, battery modeling is very important. The equivalent circuit model (ECM) is a battery model often used in the battery management system (BMS) to monitor and control Li-ion batteries. In this study, experiments were performed to investigate the performance of three different ECMs (1RC, 2RC, and 1RC with hysteresis) on four Li-ion battery chemistries (LFP, NMC, LMO, and NCA). The results indicated that all three models are usable for the four types of Li-ion chemistries, with low errors. It was also found that the ECMs tend to perform better in dynamic current profiles compared to non-dynamic ones. Overall, the best-performed model for LFP and NCA was the 1RC with hysteresis ECM, while the most suited model for NMC and LMO was the 1RC ECM. The results from this study showed that different ECMs would be suited for different Li-ion battery chemistries, which should be an important factor to be considered in real-world battery and BMS applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lithium-Ion Batteries: Latest Advances and Prospects II)
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14 pages, 3619 KiB  
Article
A Comparison of Lithium-Ion Cell Performance across Three Different Cell Formats
by Grace Bridgewater, Matthew J. Capener, James Brandon, Michael J. Lain, Mark Copley and Emma Kendrick
Batteries 2021, 7(2), 38; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries7020038 - 8 Jun 2021
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 9338
Abstract
To investigate the influence of cell formats during a cell development programme, lithium-ion cells have been prepared in three different formats. Coin cells, single layer pouch cells, and stacked pouch cells gave a range of scales of almost three orders of magnitude. The [...] Read more.
To investigate the influence of cell formats during a cell development programme, lithium-ion cells have been prepared in three different formats. Coin cells, single layer pouch cells, and stacked pouch cells gave a range of scales of almost three orders of magnitude. The cells used the same electrode coatings, electrolyte and separator. The performance of the different formats was compared in long term cycling tests and in measurements of resistance and discharge capacities at different rates. Some test results were common to all three formats. However, the stacked pouch cells had higher discharge capacities at higher rates. During cycling tests, there were indications of differences in the predominant degradation mechanism between the stacked cells and the other two cell formats. The stacked cells showed faster resistance increases, whereas the coin cells showed faster capacity loss. The difference in degradation mechanism can be linked to the different thermal and mechanical environments in the three cell formats. The correlation in the electrochemical performance between coin cells, single layer pouch cells, and stacked pouch cells shows that developments within a single cell format are likely to lead to improvements across all cell formats. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lithium-Ion Batteries: Latest Advances and Prospects II)
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15 pages, 4241 KiB  
Article
Electrical Characterization of Li-Ion Battery Modules for Second-Life Applications
by Daniel Kehl, Torben Jennert, Frank Lienesch and Michael Kurrat
Batteries 2021, 7(2), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries7020032 - 13 May 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 7087
Abstract
The reuse and repurposing of lithium-ion batteries for transportation in stationary energy systems improve the economic value of batteries. A precise suitability test at the beginning of the second life is therefore necessary. Common methods such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and current [...] Read more.
The reuse and repurposing of lithium-ion batteries for transportation in stationary energy systems improve the economic value of batteries. A precise suitability test at the beginning of the second life is therefore necessary. Common methods such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and current interrupt (CI) analysis, as well as capacity analysis, can be used for testing. In this paper, these methods are studied from the aspects of test duration, sensitivity and acquisition costs of the measuring instruments. For this purpose, tests are carried out on battery modules, which were used for transportation. It is shown that subtle differences are better detected with EIS and less accurately with the CI method. The test duration is fastest with the CI method, followed by EIS and the capacity test. Strongly aged modules are reliably detected with all methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lithium-Ion Batteries: Latest Advances and Prospects II)
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16 pages, 3398 KiB  
Article
State-of-Charge Monitoring and Battery Diagnosis of Different Lithium Ion Chemistries Using Impedance Spectroscopy
by Peter Kurzweil and Wolfgang Scheuerpflug
Batteries 2021, 7(1), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries7010017 - 4 Mar 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 7371
Abstract
For lithium iron phosphate batteries (LFP) in aerospace applications, impedance spectroscopy is applicable in the flat region of the voltage-charge curve. The frequency-dependent pseudocapacitance at 0.15 Hz is presented as useful state-of-charge (SOC) and state-of-health (SOH) indicator. For the same battery type, the [...] Read more.
For lithium iron phosphate batteries (LFP) in aerospace applications, impedance spectroscopy is applicable in the flat region of the voltage-charge curve. The frequency-dependent pseudocapacitance at 0.15 Hz is presented as useful state-of-charge (SOC) and state-of-health (SOH) indicator. For the same battery type, the prediction error of pseudocapacitance is better than 1% for a quadratic calibration curve, and less than 36% for a linear model. An approximately linear correlation between pseudocapacitance and Ah battery capacity is observed as long as overcharge and deep discharge are avoided. We verify the impedance method in comparison to the classical constant-current discharge measurements. In the case of five examined lithium-ion chemistries, the linear trend of impedance and SOC is lost if the slope of the discharge voltage curve versus SOC changes. With nickel manganese cobalt (NMC), high impedance modulus correlates with high SOC above 70%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lithium-Ion Batteries: Latest Advances and Prospects II)
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22 pages, 1879 KiB  
Article
Key Figure Based Incoming Inspection of Lithium-Ion Battery Cells
by Kerstin Ryll, Louisa Hoffmann, Oliver Landrath, Frank Lienesch and Michael Kurrat
Batteries 2021, 7(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries7010009 - 26 Jan 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4405
Abstract
The cell characterization in the incoming inspection is an important but time and cost intensive process step. In order to obtain reliable parameters to evaluate and classify the cells, it is essential to design the test procedures in such a way that the [...] Read more.
The cell characterization in the incoming inspection is an important but time and cost intensive process step. In order to obtain reliable parameters to evaluate and classify the cells, it is essential to design the test procedures in such a way that the parameters derived from the data allow the required statements about the cells. Before the focus is placed on the evaluation of cell properties, it is therefore necessary to design the test procedures appropriately. In the scope of the investigations two differently designed incoming inspection routines were carried out on 230 commercial lithium-ion battery cells (LIBs) with the aim of deriving recommendations for optimal test procedures. The derived parameters of the test strategies were compared and statistically evaluated. Subsequently, key figures for the classification were identified. As a conclusion, the capacity was confirmed as an already known important parameter and the average cell voltage was identified as a possibility to replace the usually used internal resistance. With regard to capacity, the integration of CV steps in the discharging processes enables the determination independently from the C-rate. For the average voltage cycles with high C-rates are particularly meaningful because of the significant higher scattering due to the overvoltage parts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lithium-Ion Batteries: Latest Advances and Prospects II)
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