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Batteries
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Emerging Materials and Technologies for Post-Lithium-Ion Batteries—2nd Edition
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Emerging Materials and Technologies for Post-Lithium-Ion Batteries—2nd Edition

A special issue of Batteries (ISSN 2313-0105). This special issue belongs to the section "Battery Materials and Interfaces: Anode, Cathode, Separators and Electrolytes or Others".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 3299

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Hao Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
Interests: electrochemistry and energy storage; nanostructured materials and their applications in the fields of rechargeable lithium batteries, supercapacitors, gas sensors and fuel cells
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Currently, the rechargeable lithium-ion battery is generally considered to be the best battery for EVs, as a compromise between the advantages and drawbacks among various traditional battery candidates (e.g., fuel cells, solar cells, lead-acid, Ni-Cd and Ni-MH batteries). However, the application of lithium-ion battery is limited owing to some practical challenges such as high cost (e.g., lithium and cobalt raw resources), low energy/power density for high rate application, and intrinsic safety risk using organic electrolyte. Therefore, it is crucial to develop novel materials and technologies beyond the lithium-ion batteries with low price, high energy/power density, and reliable safety.

In this Special Issue, potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Sodium ion batteries;
  • Lithium sulfur batteries;
  • Metal air batteries;
  • Solid state batteries;
  • Supercapacitors;
  • Fuel cells.

Dr. Hao Liu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Batteries is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sodium ion batteries
  • lithium sulfur batteries
  • metal air batteries
  • solid state batteries
  • supercapacitors

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2628 KiB  
Article
Study of the Suitability of Corncob Biochar as Electrocatalyst for Zn–Air Batteries
by Nikolaos Soursos, Theodoros Kottis, Vasiliki Premeti, John Zafeiropoulos, Katerina Govatsi, Lamprini Sygellou, John Vakros, Ioannis D. Manariotis, Dionissios Mantzavinos and Panagiotis Lianos
Batteries 2024, 10(6), 209; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10060209 - 16 Jun 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1090
Abstract
There has been a recent increasing interest in Zn–air batteries as an alternative to Li-ion batteries. Zn–air batteries possess some significant advantages; however, there are still problems to solve, especially related to the tuning of the properties of the air–cathode which should carry [...] Read more.
There has been a recent increasing interest in Zn–air batteries as an alternative to Li-ion batteries. Zn–air batteries possess some significant advantages; however, there are still problems to solve, especially related to the tuning of the properties of the air–cathode which should carry an inexpensive but efficient bifunctional oxygen reduction (ORR) and oxygen evolution (OER) reaction electrocatalyst. Biochar can be an alternative, since it is a material of low cost, it exhibits electric conductivity, and it can be used as support for transition metal ions. Although there is a significant number of publications on biochars, there is a lack of data about biochar from raw biomass rich in hemicellulose, and biochar with a small number of heteroatoms, in order to report the pristine activity of the carbon phase. In this work, activated biochar has been made by using corncobs. The biomass was first dried and minced into small pieces and pyrolyzed. Then, it was mixed with KOH and pyrolyzed for a second time. The final product was characterized by various techniques and its electroactivity as a cathode was determined. Physicochemical characterization revealed that the biochar had a hierarchical pore structure, moderate surface area of 92 m2 g−1, carbon phase with a relatively low sp2/sp3 ratio close to one, and a limited amount of N and S, but a high number of oxygen groups. The graphitization was not complete while the biochar had an ordered structure and contained significant O species. This biochar was used as an electrocatalyst for ORR and OER in Zn–air batteries where it demonstrated a satisfactory performance. More specifically, it reached an open-circuit voltage of about 1.4 V, which was stable over a period of several hours, with a short-circuit current density of 142 mA cm−2 and a maximum power density of 55 mW cm−2. Charge–discharge cycling of the battery was achieved between 1.2 and 2.1 V for a constant current of 10 mA. These data show that corncob biochar demonstrated good performance as an electrocatalyst in Zn–air batteries, despite its low specific surface and low sp2/sp3 ratio, owing to its rich oxygen sites, thus showing that electrocatalysis is a complex phenomenon and can be served by biochars of various origins. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Materials and Technologies for Post-Lithium-Ion Batteries—2nd Edition)
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15 pages, 4083 KiB  
Article
DFT Simulations Investigating the Trapping of Sulfides by 1T-LixMoS2 and 1T-LixMoS2/Graphene Hybrid Cathodes in Li-S Batteries
by Shumaila Babar, Elaheh Hojaji, Qiong Cai and Constantina Lekakou
Batteries 2024, 10(4), 124; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10040124 - 5 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1578
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate new materials that can be employed as cathode hosts in Li-S batteries, which would be able to overcome the effect of the shuttling of soluble polysulfides and maximize the battery capacity and energy density. Density [...] Read more.
The aim of this study is to investigate new materials that can be employed as cathode hosts in Li-S batteries, which would be able to overcome the effect of the shuttling of soluble polysulfides and maximize the battery capacity and energy density. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations are used to determine the adsorption energy of lithium sulfides in two types of cathode hosts: lithiated 1T-MoS2 (1T-LixMoS2) and hybrid 1T-LixMoS2/graphene. Initial simulations of lithiated 1T-MoS2 structures led to the selection of an optimized 1T-Li0.75MoS2 structure, which was utilized for the formation of an optimized 1T-Li0.75MoS2 bilayer and a hybrid 1T-Li0.75MoS2/graphene bilayer structure. It was found that all sulfides exhibited super-high adsorption energies in the interlayer inside the 1T-Li0.75MoS2 bilayer and very good adsorption energy values in the interlayer inside the hybrid 1T-Li0.75MoS2/graphene bilayer. The placement of sulfides outside each type of bilayer, over the 1T-Li0.75MoS2 surface, yielded good adsorption energies in the range of −2 to −3.8 eV, which are higher than those over a 1T-MoS2 substrate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Materials and Technologies for Post-Lithium-Ion Batteries—2nd Edition)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Enhancing Polysulfide Redox Kinetics Through Synergistic Polarization of Ferroelectric (Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3) Nanoparticles for High-Capacity Li-S Batteries.
Authors: Ivan Castillo; Balram Tripathi; Danilo Barrionuevo; Karuna K. Mishra; Gerardo Morell; Ram S. Katiyar
Affiliation: Department of Physics and Institute for Functional Nanomaterials, San Juan, PR-00936, USA; Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Puerto Rico, Cayey, PR 00736, USA; Department of Science and Technology, Ana G. Mendez University, Cupey, PR 00926, USA
Abstract: We report on the role of synergistic polarization of Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3 (BST) nanoparticles in sulfur cathodes to enhance the redox kinetics of polysulfides for high-capacity Li-S batteries. Ferroelectric nanoparticles are known to significantly improve the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries due to their inherent self-polarization and high adsorption capacity towards polysulfides. X-ray diffraction spectra confirmed the tetragonal symmetry (c/a=1.0073), while Raman spectroscopic analysis validated the presence of tetragonal orientation Raman modes in BST-modified composites. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed a homogeneous distribution of BST in the sulfur cathode system, with grain sizes ranging from 1 to 1.5 μm. Notably, the BST-coupled S50BST30CB10PVDF10 composite cathode achieved a capacity of approximately 820 mAh/g at 100 mA/g, maintaining stability over 100 cycles, demonstrating improved electrochemical performance. Two distinct plateaus between 2.3 V to 2.0 V and 2.0 V to 1.5 V further underscore the superior performance of BST ferroelectric nanoparticles in enhancing the redox kinetics of Li-S batteries. By leveraging the favourable affinity of polar substances towards polysulfides, we aimed to create a more stable reactive environment within the cathodic site, effectively trapping polysulfide intermediates through the synergistic polarization of BST nanoparticles. The synergistic polarization induced by the asymmetric crystal structure of ferroelectrics is anticipated to generate internal electric fields, enhancing chemisorption with heteropolar reactive. The observed high cyclic stability further validates the efficacy of these composite cathodes in mitigating the polysulfide shuttle effect, offering promising prospects for advancing Li-S battery technology.

Title: Ceramic-rich composite electrolytes in high-voltage solid-state batteries
Authors: Kevin Vattapparaa,c,d, Martin Finsterbuschb, Dina Fattakhova-Rohlfingb,c,d, Andriy Kvashaa,c*
Affiliation: a CIDETEC, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), P. Miramón 196, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain b Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK-1),52425 Julich, Germany c ALISTORE-European Research Institute, FR CNRS 3104, Hub de I’Energie, 15 Rue Baudelocque, Amiens 80039, France d Universität Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Engineering and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen CENIDE, Lotharstraße 1, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
Abstract: Composite solid electrolytes (CSE) are gaining interest towards usage in Li-metal solid state batteries. Within CSE’s, ceramic-rich composite electrolytes (INURSE) occupy a niche region, with interesting potential applications in solid-state cells with high energy cathode materials. Even though, the high ceramic content is to improve the electrochemical stability of the electrolytes, the small polymeric content in the matrix also plays an important role. In PEO based matrix, even with addition of 90-95 wt% of Li6.45Al0.05La3Zr1.6Ta0.4O12 (LLZO) filler, does not improve cyclability of Li metal solid-state cells with NMC622 based solid-state composite cathode. Therefore, it is essential to optimize polymer based binding matrix to withstand high-voltage applications. Herein, we report results on optimizing INURSE matrix with different ceramics and polymers which can craft the system towards better stability with NMC622 based cathodes. Both LLZO and Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 (LATP) were utilized as ceramic components in INURSE electrolytes. Poly(diallyldimethylammonium) bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (PDDA-TFSI) and Poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP) was used as polymers in a “Polymer/LiTFSI/plasticizer” based matrix. LPxx_PVdF_HFP and LZxx_PDDA-TFSI exhibited higher ionic conductivity values compared to the PEO based electrolyte matrix. In Li/NMC622 cells, LPxx_PVdF-HFP and LZxx_PDDA-TFSI demonstrate better capacity retention during long-term cycling compared to cells with PEO based INURSE electrolytes.

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