Modeling of Ocean Waves: New Advances in Model Evaluation and Optimization

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Climatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 May 2023) | Viewed by 7360

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
Interests: wave modeling; wave energy characterization; ocean circulation; wave-current interaction; ocean mixing and stratification; tropical storm–ocean interaction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Department of Marine & Earth Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL 33965, USA
Interests: coastal morphodynamics; sediment transport modeling; wave and storm surge modeling; coastal resileance; climate adaptation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
School of Mathematics, Computing, and Engineering, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia
Interests: wave dynamics and transport; hydro-sedimentological simulation; extreme events coastal impacts; tidal inlets; coastal adaptation strategies

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Spectral wave models like SWAN, WAVEWATCHIII, WAM, and Mike21SW are powerful tools that are widely used for both wave hindcast and forecast. Although during the last several decades most theoretical and numerical bases for these models have been developed and successfully implemented through real-world simulations, still more evaluations and innovative techniques are needed to deliver more accurate simulation results from these models, especially for complex coastal settings. This may include developing and testing modern source terms, especially for wind input, whitecapping, and non-linear wave-wave interactions. Evaluating and using higher-accuracy wind fields, and using mathematical concepts like data assimilation (DA) or machine learning (ML), are also proven to be successful in increasing the accuracy of simulations or decreasing the computational costs. All the above signs of progress can eventually be used for more accurate and less costly wave simulations that can be used in diverse coastal engineering applications, storm impact modeling, met-ocean, and wave energy quantification studies for wave harnessing.

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide the wave modeling/oceanography community with the most recent progresses in this field based on novel research works from different parts of the world. Some specific topics of interest for this Special Issue include but are not limited to:

  • Evaluation of the source terms in spectral wave models. Papers focusing on assessing the most recent physics package ST6 are of special interest.
  • Assessing wind-field accuracy (CFSR, ERA5, NAR, etc.) in wave modeling in specific geographical regions.
  • Application of data assimilation (DA) techniques to improve the accuracy of wave simulation.
  • Application of machine learning/deep learning/artificial intelligence (ML/DL/AI) in wave hindcasting and forecasting based on spectral model outputs.
  • One-way or two-way wave-current interaction, especially for tropical storms and hurricane modeling.
  • Wave energy characterization.

Dr. Mohammad Nabi Allahdadi
Dr. Felix Jose
Dr. Saeed Shaeri
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • spectral wave model
  • whitecapping
  • wave-current interaction
  • data assimilation
  • machine learning
  • SWAN
  • WAVEWATCHIII
  • Mike21SW

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 10775 KiB  
Article
Wave Climate Variability along the Coastlines of Senegal over the Last Four Decades
by Marcellin Seujip Samou, Xavier Bertin, Issa Sakho, Alban Lazar, Mamadou Sadio and Mouhamadou Bachir Diouf
Atmosphere 2023, 14(7), 1142; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14071142 - 13 Jul 2023
Viewed by 2087
Abstract
Knowledge of wave climate is essential for efficient management of the world’s coastal areas. Senegal is a relevant case, given its high coastal vulnerability to energetic wave conditions. This study investigates wave climates along the coastal zone of Senegal based on a new [...] Read more.
Knowledge of wave climate is essential for efficient management of the world’s coastal areas. Senegal is a relevant case, given its high coastal vulnerability to energetic wave conditions. This study investigates wave climates along the coastal zone of Senegal based on a new high-resolution hindcast covering the period 1980–2021. This study evaluates the average, seasonal, and extreme values for the significant wave heights (Hs), periods (Tm02/Tp), and mean directions (DIR). In boreal winter, the wave climate is dominated by swells coming from the North-Atlantic lows. In contrast, in boreal summer, the Southern Coast (from Dakar to Casamance) is exposed to swells generated in the South Atlantic Ocean. Throughout their refraction around the Dakar Peninsula, NW swells rotate by ~100° from NW to SW, while their Hs is roughly halved when reaching the Southern Coast of Senegal. Over the studied period, trends in Hs are weak (~0.6 cm.decade−1) on the Northern Coast and double on the Southern Coast (~1.2 cm.decade−1), mostly due to an increase during boreal summer (2 cm.decade−1). The wave periods show weak trends (~0.05 s.decade−1), and DIRs show weak counterclockwise rotation (−1°.decade−1). These trends are explained by the main climate modes of the Atlantic Ocean (NAO/EA during winter, SAM during summer) and are important for future research and long-term monitoring of the Senegalese Coast. Full article
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17 pages, 4087 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Waves Generated by Tropical Cyclone Kyarr in the Arabian Sea: An Application of ERA5 Reanalysis Wind Data
by Aliasghar Golshani, Masoud Banan-Dallalian, Mehrdad Shokatian-Beiragh, Majid Samiee-Zenoozian and Shahab Sadeghi-Esfahlani
Atmosphere 2022, 13(11), 1914; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13111914 - 17 Nov 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3680
Abstract
In this study, the wave conditions in the Arabian Sea induced by tropical cyclone Kyarr (2019) have been simulated by employing the 3rd generation wave model MIKE 21 SW. The model was run from 24 October to 1 November 2019, a total of [...] Read more.
In this study, the wave conditions in the Arabian Sea induced by tropical cyclone Kyarr (2019) have been simulated by employing the 3rd generation wave model MIKE 21 SW. The model was run from 24 October to 1 November 2019, a total of 8 days. The MIKE 21 SW model was forced by reanalyzed ERA5 wind data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The results are compared with buoy data from the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), which is located at 67.44° E, 18.50° N. In addition, the satellite altimeter data (CryoSat-2, SARAL and Jason-3 satellite altimeter data) was utilized for validation. Three wave parameters are considered for the validation: the significant wave height; the peak wave period; and the mean wave direction. The validation results showed that the significant wave height, the peak wave period, and the mean wave direction could be reasonably predicted by the model with reanalysis wind data as input. The maximum significant wave height reached to 10.7 m (with an associated peak wave period of 12.5 s) on 28 October 2019 at 23:00:00 in the middle of the Arabian Sea. For coastal areas, the significant wave height along the Iran and Pakistan (north Arabian Sea) coasts increased to a range of 1.4–2.8 m when tropical cyclone Kyarr moved northward. This wave height along with elevated sea level may cause severe coastal erosion and nearshore inland flooding. Impacts of cyclones on coastal zones critical facilities and infrastructure can be reduced by timely and suitable action before the event, so coastal managers should understand the effect of cyclones and their destructive consequences. The validated model developed in this study may be utilized as input data of evaluating the risk to life and infrastructure in this area. Full article
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