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Advances in GNSS Navigation Processing

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 8533

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Communications, Navigation and Control Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Rd., Keelung 20224, Taiwan
Interests: GPS navigation; multisensor integrated navigation; estimation theory and applications; artificial intelligence; guidance, navigation and control (GNC) systems
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning has attracted a great amount of research interest. Examples of GNSS include the USA’s NAVSTAR Global Positioning System (GPS), Europe’s Galileo, Russia’s GLONASS, and China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System. The performance of GNSS has four criteria: accuracy, integrity, continuity, and availability.

Traditionally used in positioning and navigation, GNSS research and applications to the field of attitude determination by processing carrier phase observables have also been conducted. Navigation system integrity/assurance is a principal requirement in all systems to provide timely warning to users to ensure the mission is completed successfully. In designing GNSS navigation processing or attitude determination, techniques have been developed for numerous challenges, such as high dynamic scenarios, GNSS-denied/challenged environments, severe multipath interference/urban areas, etc. for performance enhancement. Many aspects are involved in achieving accurate and reliable GNSS navigation, including adaptive and robust estimation/filtering approaches, artificial intelligence, multisensor integration, and sensor fusion. Recent developments and original research articles addressing advanced technologies and exploring new algorithms for GNSS navigation processing will be considered for publication in this Special Issue.

Based on these perspectives, the aim of this Special Issue is to present recent developments and provide a forum for the dissemination of works that exploit the latest works to any problem related to GNSS navigation processing algorithms and techniques. Potential topics include but are not strictly limited to:

  • Adaptive and nonlinear estimation/filtering for GNSS navigation;
  • Robust estimation/filtering for GNSS navigation;
  • Artificial intelligence/machine learning in GNSS navigation;
  • Navigation in GNSS challenged environments;
  • GNSS integrity and assurance;
  • Multipath mitigation;
  • GNSS interference, jamming, and spoofing;
  • Multisensor integration and sensor fusion;
  • Precise GNSS positioning;
  • Attitude determination;
  • Ubiquitous positioning and seamless navigation.

Prof. Dah-Jing Jwo
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • GNSS navigation
  • Adaptive estimation/filtering
  • Robust estimation/filtering
  • GNSS integrity and assurance
  • Interference, jamming, and spoofing
  • Multipath
  • Artificial intelligence
  • Machine learning
  • Denied/challenged environments

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 6312 KiB  
Article
Interacting Multiple Model Filter with a Maximum Correntropy Criterion for GPS Navigation Processing
by Dah-Jing Jwo, Jen-Hsien Lai and Yi Chang
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(3), 1782; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031782 - 30 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1570
Abstract
In order to deal with the uncertainty of measurement noise, particularly for outlier types of multipath interference and non-line of sight (NLOS) reception, this paper proposes a novel method for processing the navigation states of the Global Positioning System (GPS) that combines the [...] Read more.
In order to deal with the uncertainty of measurement noise, particularly for outlier types of multipath interference and non-line of sight (NLOS) reception, this paper proposes a novel method for processing the navigation states of the Global Positioning System (GPS) that combines the maximum correntropy criterion (MCC) and the interacting multiple model (IMM), with an extended Kalman Filter (EKF). Multipath mitigation is essential for increased positioning accuracy since multipath interference is one of the primary sources of errors. Nonlinear filtering with IMM configuration uses filter structural adaptation. In processing time-varying satellite signal standards for GPS navigation, it offers an alternative for creating the adaptive filter. A collection of switching models built on a method of multiple model estimation can be used to characterize the uncertainty of the noise. Even though most noise in real life is non-Gaussian, time-varying, and of fluctuating strength, the standard EKF operates effectively when the noise is Gaussian. The performance of EKF will drastically decline if the signals appear non-Gaussian. The underlying system disrupted by heavy-tailed, non-Gaussian impulsive sounds could be better since the EKF employs second-order statistical information. The MCC is a method for comparing two random variables based on higher-order signal statistics. The maximum correntropy-extended Kalman filter (MCEKF), which uses the MCC rather than the minimal mean square error (MMSE) as the optimization criterion, is used to enhance performance in non-Gaussian situations. Finally, a performance evaluation will be conducted to compare the effectiveness of the suggested strategy in improving positioning to alternative system designs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in GNSS Navigation Processing)
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23 pages, 5503 KiB  
Article
On Mitigating the Effects of Multipath on GNSS Using Environmental Context Detection
by Arif Hussain, Arslan Ahmed, Madad Ali Shah, Sunny Katyara, Lukasz Staszewski and Hina Magsi
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(23), 12389; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122312389 - 3 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2168
Abstract
Accurate, ubiquitous and reliable navigation can make transportation systems (road, rail, air and marine) more efficient, safer and more sustainable by enabling path planning, route optimization and fuel economy optimization. However, accurate navigation in urban contexts has always been a challenging task due [...] Read more.
Accurate, ubiquitous and reliable navigation can make transportation systems (road, rail, air and marine) more efficient, safer and more sustainable by enabling path planning, route optimization and fuel economy optimization. However, accurate navigation in urban contexts has always been a challenging task due to significant chances of signal blockage and multipath and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) signal reception. This paper presents a detailed study on environmental context detection using GNSS signals and its utilization in mitigating multipath effects by devising a context-aware navigation (CAN) algorithm that detects and characterizes the working environment of a GNSS receiver and applies the desired mitigation strategy accordingly. The CAN algorithm utilizes GNSS measurement variables to categorize the environment into standard, degraded and highly degraded classes and then updates the receiver’s tracking-loop parameters based on the inferred environment. This allows the receiver to adaptively mitigate the effects of multipath/NLOS, which inherently depend upon the type of environment. To validate the functionality and potential of the proposed CAN algorithm, a detailed study on the performance of a multi-GNSS receiver in the quad-constellation mode, i.e., GPS, BeiDou, Galileo and GLONASS, is conducted in this research by traversing an instrumented vehicle around an urban city and acquiring respective GNSS signals in different environments. The performance of a CAN-enabled GNSS receiver is compared with a standard receiver using fundamental quality indicators of GNSS. The experimental results show that the proposed CAN algorithm is a good contributor for improving GNSS performance by anticipating the potential degradation and initiating an adaptive mitigation strategy. The CAN-enabled GNSS receiver achieved a lane-level accuracy of less than 2 m for 53% of the total experimental time-slot in a highly degraded environment, which was previously only 32% when not using the proposed CAN. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in GNSS Navigation Processing)
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21 pages, 5177 KiB  
Article
Design and Performance Analysis of Navigation Signal Based on OFDM
by Xinqi Wang, Yikang Yang, Lingyu Deng, Lvyang Ye, Zhanqi Li, Yong Xiao and Wenliang Dong
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(19), 9486; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12199486 - 21 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1650
Abstract
This paper proposes a new navigation modulation based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). We derived the autocorrelation function and power spectral density of the OFDM modulation. The influence of the cyclic prefix and zero-padding is discussed. The influence of OFDM modulation parameters [...] Read more.
This paper proposes a new navigation modulation based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). We derived the autocorrelation function and power spectral density of the OFDM modulation. The influence of the cyclic prefix and zero-padding is discussed. The influence of OFDM modulation parameters on navigation signal performance was deeply analyzed, which can help signal designers choose the OFDM parameters. The main peak of the proposed autocorrelation function is narrow and has good tracking accuracy. The sidelobe is lower, and the delay locking loop is more robust. The power spectrum density is evenly distributed in the main lobe of the signal, and the anti-interference is good. By comparing OFDM navigation signals with other navigation signals, it can be found that OFDM navigation signals have good tracking accuracy and a strong anti-interference ability. Combined with the proposed navigation modulation and communication signal, the OFDM navigation signal has a low bit error rate for the communication signal and has a good communication integration potential, which can meet the business requirements of the future communication and navigation integration market. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in GNSS Navigation Processing)
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9 pages, 1908 KiB  
Article
Concatenated Coding for GNSS Signals in Urban Environments
by Jing Ke, Xiaochun Lu, Xue Wang, Xiaofei Chen and Sheng Tang
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(18), 6397; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10186397 - 14 Sep 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2459
Abstract
This work investigated concatenated coding schemes for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals in order to increase their error correction capability in urban environments. In particular, a serial concatenated code that combines an outer Reed–Solomon (RS) code with an inner low-density parity-check (LDPC) [...] Read more.
This work investigated concatenated coding schemes for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals in order to increase their error correction capability in urban environments. In particular, a serial concatenated code that combines an outer Reed–Solomon (RS) code with an inner low-density parity-check (LDPC) code was designed, and the performance was investigated over the land mobile satellite (LMS) channel for characterizing multipath and shadow fading in urban environments. The performance of the proposed concatenated coding scheme was compared to that of a B-CNAV1 message, in which two interleaved 64-ary LDPC codes were employed. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed concatenated code can obtain a similar error correction performance to the two interleaved 64-ary LDPC codes in both the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and LMS channels at a lower complexity level. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in GNSS Navigation Processing)
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