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Advanced Digital Technology and Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2025 | Viewed by 1058

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul 05030, Republic of Korea
2. Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Republic of Korea
3. Institute of Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05030, Republic of Korea
Interests: ophthalmology; artificial intelligence; 3D printing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Glocal Campus, Konkuk University, Chungju-si 27478, Republic of Korea
Interests: biomedical engineering; medical sensors; printed electronics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ophthalmology stands at the forefront of medical fields embracing digital transformation and AI. The advent of AI has revolutionized various aspects of eye care, from diagnostic imaging and disease prediction to personalized treatment plans and telemedicine. This Special Issue aims to compile a diverse array of studies, reviews, and perspectives that highlight the multifaceted applications of AI and digital technology in enhancing ophthalmic practice and patient outcomes.

Topics of interest for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to:

  • AI-driven diagnostic tools for retinal diseases, glaucoma, and other ocular conditions.
  • Machine learning algorithms for image analysis and interpretation in ophthalmology.
  • The role of teleophthalmology in expanding access to eye care.
  • Innovations in digital health records and data management in ophthalmology.
  • Personalized medicine and predictive analytics in eye care.
  • Ethical considerations and regulatory challenges in the adoption of AI in ophthalmology.
  • Case studies showcasing successful implementation of digital technology in ophthalmic practice.

We seek submissions that provide new insights, propose novel methodologies, and demonstrate the practical applications of digital technology and AI in ophthalmology. Our goal is to create a comprehensive resource that not only highlights the current state of the field but also identifies future directions and opportunities for research and clinical practice. We encourage authors to present interdisciplinary approaches and collaborative efforts that bridge the gap between technology and clinical application. Through this Special Issue, we hope to foster a deeper understanding of how digital technology and AI can transform ophthalmology, ultimately leading to improved patient care and outcomes.

We look forward to your valuable contributions to this exciting and timely Special Issue.

Dr. Hyun Jin Shin
Dr. Hyunkyoo Kang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • artificial intelligence in ophthalmology
  • digital health technologies
  • teleophthalmology
  • ophthalmic imaging
  • machine learning in eye care

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 1727 KB  
Article
Artificial Intelligence for Diagnosing Cranial Nerve III, IV, and VI Palsies Using Nine-Directional Ocular Photographs
by Hyun Jin Shin, Seok Jin Kim, Sung Hyun Park, Min Seok Kim and Hyunkyoo Kang
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(20), 11174; https://doi.org/10.3390/app152011174 - 18 Oct 2025
Viewed by 643
Abstract
Eye movements are regulated by the ocular motor nerves (cranial nerves [CNs] III, IV, and VI), which control the six extraocular muscles of each eye. Palsies of CNs III, IV, and VI can restrict eye movements, resulting in strabismus and diplopia, and so [...] Read more.
Eye movements are regulated by the ocular motor nerves (cranial nerves [CNs] III, IV, and VI), which control the six extraocular muscles of each eye. Palsies of CNs III, IV, and VI can restrict eye movements, resulting in strabismus and diplopia, and so clinical evaluations of eye movements are crucial for diagnosing CN palsies. This study aimed to develop an accurate artificial intelligence (AI) system for classifying CN III, IV, and VI palsies using nine-gaze ocular photographs. We analyzed 478 nine-gaze photographs comprising 70, 29, and 58 cases of CN III, IV, and VI palsies, respectively. The images were processed using MATLAB. For model training, each photograph of eye movements in the nine directions was numerically coded. A multinetwork model was employed to ensure precise analyses of paralytic strabismus. The AI system operates by referring data on minor abnormalities in the nine-gaze image to a network designed to detect CN IV abnormalities, which re-examines downward and lateral gazes to detect distinctions. Data on major abnormalities are directed to a different network trained to differentiate between CN III and VI abnormalities. EfficientNet-B0 was applied to reduce overfitting and improve learning efficiency in training with limited medical imaging data as the neural network architecture. The diagnostic accuracies of the proposed network for CN III, IV, and VI palsies were 99.31%, 97.7%, and 98.22%, respectively. This study has demonstrated the design of an AI model using a relatively small dataset and a multinetwork training system for analyzing nine-gaze photographs in strabismus patients with CN III, IV, and VI palsies, achieving an overall accuracy of 98.77%. Full article
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