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Applied Sciences
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Microstructural Characterization of Metals, from Nano to Macro Scale
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Microstructural Characterization of Metals, from Nano to Macro Scale

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 8067

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Matthias Kuntz

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Guest Editor
Robert-Bosch GmbH, Corporate Sector Research and Advance Engineering, Stuttgart, Germany
Interests: material characterization; materials; mechanical properties; mechanical behavior of materials; microstructure; fatigue; steel
Dr. Carlos Garcia-Mateo

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Guest Editor
Department of Physical Metallurgy, National Center for Metallurgical Research (CENIM-CSIC), Avenida Gregorio Del Amo, 8, Madrid, 28040, Spain
Interests: steels; microstructural characterization; phase transformation; mechanical properties; mechanical behavior of materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Analyzing and interpreting microstructure is the key to understanding the behavior and mechanism of metallic material. We work on the basis that any improvement, new development, properties of any kind, etc. requires determining, at all scale levels, the characteristics that define the microstructure object of our study.

The future of new manufacturing methods, such as additive manufacturing, or new materials, such as high-entropy alloys, depends on our ability to understand, and characterize at all levels, the new and as yet unknown microstructures that are produced.

The development of new and powerful scientific techniques and equipment (EBSD, APT, HRTEM, Neutron diffraction, Synchrotron radiation, etc.) allows us to obtain fundamental knowledge that helps to establish some of the basic principles that govern the formation of different microstructures.

Other more routine techniques, such as XRD, SEM, TEM, OM, Dilatometry, Calorimetry, EPMA, etc., .also offer valuable information, either used individually or in combination.

This Special Issue on “Microstructural Characterization of Metals, from Nano to Macro Scale” is dedicated to recent advances in research and development of analyzing metallic microstructure.

We invite you to submit research articles or reviews on the latest research work in these areas, with emphasis on applications in all areas of science and engineering.

Dr.-Ing. Matthias Kuntz
Dr. Carlos Garcia-Mateo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metals and alloys
  • microstructure
  • macrostructure
  • nano scale
  • characterization techniques
  • microscopy diffraction
  • microanalysis
  • analytical techniques
  • nanoindentation
  • thermal analysis

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 9517 KiB  
Article
Retained Austenite Destabilization during Tempering of Low-Temperature Bainite
by Victor Ruiz-Jimenez, Matthias Kuntz, Thomas Sourmail, Francisca G. Caballero, Jose A. Jimenez and Carlos Garcia-Mateo
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(24), 8901; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10248901 - 13 Dec 2020
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 2946
Abstract
The thermal stability of nanostructured microstructures consisting of a mixture of bainitic ferrite and carbon-enriched retained austenite has been studied in two steels containing 0.6 C (wt %) by tempering cycles of 1 h at temperatures ranging from 450 to 650 °C. Volume [...] Read more.
The thermal stability of nanostructured microstructures consisting of a mixture of bainitic ferrite and carbon-enriched retained austenite has been studied in two steels containing 0.6 C (wt %) by tempering cycles of 1 h at temperatures ranging from 450 to 650 °C. Volume changes due to microstructural transformations during thermal treatments were measured by high-resolution dilatometry. The correlation of these results with the detailed microstructural characterization performed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope examination showed a sequence of different decomposition events beginning with the precipitation of very fine cementite particles. This precipitation, which starts in the austenite thin films and then continues in retained austenite blocks, decreases the carbon content in this phase so that fresh martensite can form from the low-carbon austenite on cooling to room temperature. In a subsequent tempering stage, the remaining austenite decomposes into ferrite and cementite, and due to carbide precipitation, the bainitic ferrite loses its tetragonality, its dislocation density is reduced, and the bainitic laths coarsen. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructural Characterization of Metals, from Nano to Macro Scale)
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16 pages, 52593 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Size Effects Due to Different Cooling Rates of As-Quenched Martensite Microstructures in a Low-Alloy Steel
by Marius Graf, Matthias Kuntz, Hermann Autenrieth and Ralf Müller
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(15), 5395; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10155395 - 04 Aug 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3947
Abstract
Martensite transformation is a complex mechanism in materials that is classically initiated by a suitable heat treatment. This heat treatment process can be optimized based on a better understanding of the physical mechanisms on the length scale of several prior austenite grains. It [...] Read more.
Martensite transformation is a complex mechanism in materials that is classically initiated by a suitable heat treatment. This heat treatment process can be optimized based on a better understanding of the physical mechanisms on the length scale of several prior austenite grains. It is therefore appropriate to consider individual process steps of heat treatment in isolation. The aim of this study is to characterize the microstructural size changes caused by a variation of the cooling rate applied during the quenching process. For this purpose, individual martensitic microstructures from different heat treatments are analyzed using the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) method. With special orientation relationships between the parent austenite and martensite, the structure of the prior austenite grains and the close packet plane packets can then be reconstructed. The influence of the heat treatments on these characteristics as well as on the martensite blocks is thus quantified. No significant influence of the quenching rate on the sizes of martensite blocks and packets could be found. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructural Characterization of Metals, from Nano to Macro Scale)
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