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Holographic Technologies: Theory and Practice

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A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Optics and Lasers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2023) | Viewed by 41157

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Nikolay Petrov

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Guest Editor

Leading Researcher, Leading Professor, Head of the Digital and Display Holography Laboratory, ITMO University, 199004 Saint Petersburg, Russia
Interests: holography; phase retrieval; ultrafast optics; terahertz radiation

Prof. Dr. Sergey Odinokov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Professor, Laser and Optoelectronic Systems Department, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2nd Baumanskaya st. 5/1, 105005 Moscow, Russia
Interests: holography; augmented reality displays; diffractive nanophotonics; optical sensors
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of micro-nano-photonics and optoelectronics is one of the current priorities toward achieving scientific and technological progress, and optical holography is a part of this. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the active introduction of holographic technologies in various branches of optical science, applied optics, and optoelectronics. Digital holography, digital holographic microscopy, and other related quantitative phase imaging techniques as phase retrieval, ptychography, and shearography, are currently important tools in advanced manufacturing technologies, industry, and biomedical research. Сomputer-synthesized holography is also in a phase of active development. These techniques find applications in 2D/3D image display systems, wavefront sensors, holographic memory, correlators, and image processing devices. Security holography is extremely important from the point of view of commercial holography applications. The range of its capabilities was sufficiently expanded thanks to new multispectral photopolymer materials and modern diffractive optical elements, including plasmonic devices and metasurfaces. In this Special Issue, we are focusing on these and the other holographic technologies and their aspects: both theoretical foundations which will contribute to further development of this field and practical applications, well-established and just emerging, as well as very recent breakthroughs that have appeared due to the utilization of holographic principles.

The conference HOLOEXPO 2021 related our Special Issue will provide high-level forum platforms for scholars, scientific delegates, industrial delegates, scientists, and researchers from all over the world to share their research achievements, explore the hot issues, and exchange new experiences and ideas in the field of engineering and technology:

The XVIII International Conference on Holography and Applied Optical Technologies HOLOEXPO 2021 will be held in 20-23 September, 2021, Gelendzhik, Russia.

https://www.holoexpo.ru/

The purpose of the conference – discussion on the latest scientific and technical achievements, product demonstration, market assessment and identification of industry development trends in the field of holography and applied optical technologies.

Prof. Dr. Nikolay Petrov
Prof. Dr. Sergey Odinokov
Guest Editors

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Keywords

biomedical applications of holography
computer generated holography
digital holographic microscopy
digital holography
display holography
holographic displays, virtual and augmented reality
holographic imaging in scattering and inhomogeneous media
holographic materials
holographic signal processing
holographic wavefront sensing
hyperspectral holography
optical correlators and pattern recognition
phase retrieval
security holography
superresolution and subdiffraction limit holographic imaging
terahertz holography
three-dimensional holographic imaging

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Published Papers (14 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 147008 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Neural Network-Assisted Interferogram Analysis Using Cylindrical and Flat Reference Beams

by Pavel A. Khorin, Alexey P. Dzyuba, Aleksey V. Chernykh, Aleksandra O. Georgieva, Nikolay V. Petrov and Svetlana N. Khonina

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(8), 4831; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13084831 - 12 Apr 2023

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2065

Abstract

In this paper, we present the results of a comparative analysis of the sensitivity of interferograms to wavefront aberrations recorded with flat and cylindrical reference beams. Our results show that compared to classical linear interferograms based on flat wavefronts, cylindrical interferograms have at least 10% higher sensitivity for radially asymmetric types of aberrations and a 30% decrease in average absolute error for aberration recognition using a convolutional neural network. The use of cylindrical reference beams leads to an increase in the sensitivity of interferograms for detecting medium and strong aberrations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Holographic Technologies: Theory and Practice)

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12 pages, 2682 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Reconstructing Polarization Multiplexing Terahertz Holographic Images with Transmissive Metasurface

by Xiaosai Wang, Jinlei Wu, Ruoxing Wang, Li Li and Yongyuan Jiang

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(4), 2528; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042528 - 16 Feb 2023

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3884

Abstract

There is a growing trend towards the development of high resolution and multiplexing metasurface holograms. In this paper, we propose the reconstruction of polarization multiplexing terahertz (THz) holographic images based on transmissive metasurface. The metasurface composed of all-dielectric meta-atoms is designed as a multi-foci metalens and the focal points of the metalens are utilized as the pixels of a reconstructed image. We analyze the effects of focal length and phase pixel number of the metalens on focal point to achieve high-resolution holographic images. In addition, by switching the polarization of incident lights, holographic images with different patterns are reconstructed on its focal plane. Such high-resolution and polarization multiplexing metasurface holograms is promising for applications in THz communications, information engineering, and encryption. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Holographic Technologies: Theory and Practice)

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23 pages, 5929 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Method for Compensating Aberrations of a Virtual Image Formed by an Augmented Reality Display Based on a Cylindrical Diffractive Waveguide

by Gavril N. Vostrikov, Nikolay V. Muravyev, Aleksandr E. Angervaks, Roman A. Okun, Anastasia S. Perevoznikova, Jaeyeol Ryu and Andrei N. Putilin

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(4), 2400; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042400 - 13 Feb 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2949

Abstract

To date, planar waveguides are under development for augmented reality systems with waveguide combiners. The next step of their development is the transition to curved waveguides, which could make the combiners more ergonomic. In the present work, a method has been developed that makes it possible to minimize aberrations of a virtual image during its in-coupling to and out-coupling from a cylindrical waveguide. The method is based on the use of in-coupling and out-coupling diffractive optical elements (DOE) with a variable grating period, which provide virtual image pre-aberration when radiation is in-coupled into the waveguide and compensation of the waveguide curvature at the out-coupling. Analytical laws are derived for the period variation of the in-coupling and out-coupling DOEs for an arbitrary curvature of a cylindrical waveguide. These dependences were optimized to minimize virtual image aberrations when using a radiation source with finite dimensions. Samples of cylindrical concentric PMMA waveguides with a curvature radius of 150 mm and in-coupling/out-coupling holographic optical elements (HOEs) have been created. The transmission of test monochrome virtual images through these waveguides without doubling and breaks in the field of view has been experimentally demonstrated. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Holographic Technologies: Theory and Practice)

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16 pages, 9783 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparison of CW NUV and Pulse NIR Laser Influence on PbSe Films Photosensitivity

by Anastasiia A. Olkhova, Alina A. Patrikeeva, Maria A. Dubkova, Natalia K. Kuzmenko, Nikolai V. Nikonorov and Maksim M. Sergeev

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(4), 2396; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042396 - 13 Feb 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2107

Abstract

This paper shows the laser irradiation effect on optical characteristics on PbSe chalcogenide films as a result of irreversible structural modification. The features of film structure and property modification under the action of a continuous wave (CW) laser with a 405 nm wavelength and nanosecond laser pulses with a 1064 nm wavelength are studied. The valence and conduction bands boundaries displacement as a laser radiation result of photothermal action on the film until it darkens and bleaches, is demonstrated. Under CW near ultraviolet (NUV) laser action, the film was modified at a power density of 0.74 to 1.09 kW/cm². The near-infrared (NIR) laser pulses used ensured the film structure modification at a power density of 1.45 kW/cm² and a pulse duration of 4 to 20 ns. Scanning with a laser spot in these modes provides the desired change in the film’s optical characteristics, and this becomes a serious alternative to the technology of heat treatment in an oven. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Holographic Technologies: Theory and Practice)

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7 pages, 2029 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

Holostereosynthesis: An Improvement to Louis Lumière’s Photostereosynthesis Technique

by Philippe Gentet, Yves Gentet and Seunghyun Lee

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(24), 12524; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122412524 - 7 Dec 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2077

Abstract

In 1920, Louis Lumière, one of the fathers of Cinématograph, invented photostereosynthesis, a photography technique that could recreate three-dimensional images without a specific artifice. This method involved stacking six to eight photographs of the same subject, usually a portrait, recorded with a progressive shift in focus and observed together through transparency. This invention remained at the laboratory experiment stage, and only a dozen portraits of famous people from the time of Lumière are known. The final device is a complex assembly of glass plates mounted on a wooden frame, and it is fragile, bulky, heavy, and difficult to build and observe. Here, we demonstrate that we can replace the stack of photographic plates with a single reflection hologram. Experiments were successfully conducted using the digital CHIMERA holographic stereogram printing technique. This new method of holostereosynthesis will facilitate the restoration and dissemination of the historical portraits originally recorded by Louis Lumière and may also allow the creation of brand new images. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Holographic Technologies: Theory and Practice)

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16 pages, 6006 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

Development of a Holographic Waveguide with Thermal Compensation for Augmented Reality Devices

by Artem Solomashenko, Alexei Kuznetsov, Vladimir Nikolaev and Olga Afanaseva

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(21), 11281; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122111281 - 7 Nov 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2320

Abstract

In this research, studies were conducted on the possibility of providing thermal compensation of the information display device circuit based on a holographic waveguide when the wavelength of the radiation source ch as a result of changes in ambient temperature. A variant of implementing the waveguide structure in terms of the geometry of the diffraction gratings arrangement is proposed, its main parameters (grating period, thickness, refractive index) and the dependencies between them affecting the quality of the reproduced image are determined. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Holographic Technologies: Theory and Practice)

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22 pages, 9740 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Study of Marine Particles Using Submersible Digital Holographic Camera during the Arctic Expedition

by Victor Dyomin, Igor Semiletov, Denis Chernykh, Elena Chertoprud, Alexandra Davydova, Nikolay Kirillov, Olga Konovalova, Alexey Olshukov, Aleksandr Osadchiev and Igor Polovtsev

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(21), 11266; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122111266 - 7 Nov 2022

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2184

Abstract

The paper presents the results of in situ studies of marine particles of different nature using a submersible digital holographic camera (DHC) during the Arctic expedition. It also describes the features, performance specifications, and possibilities of the DHC and the DHC technology. The DHC technology can be used for noninvasive automatic evaluation of spatial and temporal characteristics of plankton, including the distribution of plankton concentrations. The comparison of quantitative analysis of zooplankton net samples and classification results using the DHC revealed that the error of the DHC classification of mesoplankton at the level of the main systematic orders was about 30%. The results of determining the data on the medium, such as water turbidity, according to the radiation shielding factor (degree) by the particles of the Suspension taxon using the DHC technology are presented; the prospects for studying the size of gas bubbles and their volume content according to the Bubble taxon data are shown. The use of holographic data for in situ point estimates is considered. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Holographic Technologies: Theory and Practice)

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11 pages, 2268 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Electrical and Optical Properties of Laser-Induced Structural Modifications in PbSe Films

by Anastasiia A. Olkhova, Alina A. Patrikeeva and Maksim M. Sergeev

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(19), 10162; https://doi.org/10.3390/app121910162 - 10 Oct 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2268

Abstract

PbSe chalcogenide films are widely used as photosensitive elements in gas analysis devices. High absorption in the IR spectrum region and low electrical resistance are important characteristics. Continuous laser radiation exposure of films in the near UV range makes it possible to achieve the desired characteristics, replacing oven heat treatment in the technological process. In the considered laser technology, PbSe films are subjected to photothermal action by a spot of focused radiation in the progressive scanning mode. In this work, changes in the optical and electrical film properties were studied, and the mechanism of structural laser modification was also considered. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Holographic Technologies: Theory and Practice)

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11 pages, 2405 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

Digital Holographic Positioning Sensor for a Small Deployable Space Telescope

by Eduard R. Muslimov, Airat Zh. Sakhabutdinov, Oleg G. Morozov, Nadezhda K. Pavlycheva, Damir M. Akhmetov and Danila Yu. Kharitonov

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(9), 4427; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12094427 - 27 Apr 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2101

Abstract

We propose a system and a technique to measure misalignments of individual optical elements in a deployable telescope for a small satellite, and we demonstrate its application for a 2230 mm F10.3 Ritchey–Chretien type telescope. The system uses laser point sources at the edge of each of the deploying segments to form an interference pattern at the telescope image sensor. By processing the interferograms in the Fourier domain and comparing them to the computed ones, it becomes possible to measure the position of the primary mirror segments with a precision of

0.8 μ

m and the axial displacement of the secondary mirror with the precision of

0.1

nm. Such a system would allow to build a deployable telescope fitting in a 1U CubeSat and align it in space with a sufficient accuracy, thus providing a gain in collecting power, reaching a factor of 2.49 with respect to a single mirror telescope fitting on a 1U CubeSat. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Holographic Technologies: Theory and Practice)

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16 pages, 6260 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Chalcogenide Thin Films—Holographic Media for Augmented Reality Devices

by Vladimir N. Borisov, Nikolay V. Muravyev, Mikhail V. Popov, Roman A. Okun, Aleksandr E. Angervaks, Gavril N. Vostrikov, Sergey A. Kozyukhin, Dmitry Yu. Terekhov, Petr I. Lazarenko, Ekaterina S. Musikhina and Sergei A. Ivanov

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(4), 1934; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12041934 - 12 Feb 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 5741

Abstract

Holographic characteristics of chalcogenide film materials with a typical thickness of 0.5–1.5 µm of a number of Ge-S and As-S compositions have been studied theoretically and experimentally with the aim of using them in augmented reality waveguide devices. The possibility of controlling the spectral and holographic properties of materials by varying their composition is shown. The recording of both volume and surface holographic elements operating in the total internal reflection mode was carried out. The operation of holograms in the “periscope mode” with a diffraction efficiency of about 10% is demonstrated. It is concluded that the recording of high-performance holographic elements on chalcogenide films requires significant values of exposure energy when recording in the near UV range (325–355 nm), which makes holographic recording currently ineffective for creating such elements. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Holographic Technologies: Theory and Practice)

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11 pages, 4107 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Recording of Long Low-Amplitude Bulk Elastic Waves in Transparent Solid Waveguides by Digital and Classical Holography

by Andrey V. Belashov, Anna A. Zhikhoreva and Irina V. Semenova

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(3), 1687; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12031687 - 7 Feb 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1589

Abstract

In this paper we compare two implementations of the holographic technique for recording long, nonlinear, elastic waves of low amplitude in solid polymer waveguides: classical holographic interferometry and digital holography. Both implementations are realized in transmission configuration, with recording in the off-axis schematic. The advantages and disadvantages of these implementations are discussed as applied to the investigation of the evolution of shock waves and strain solitons in transparent solid waveguides. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Holographic Technologies: Theory and Practice)

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11 pages, 4982 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Recording a Hologram Transmitted over a Communication Channel on One Sideband

by Sergey A. Shoydin, Sergey B. Odinokov, Artem L. Pazoev, Ivan K. Tsyganov and Ekaterina A. Drozdova

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(23), 11468; https://doi.org/10.3390/app112311468 - 3 Dec 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2488

Abstract

The paper presents experimental results on the recording and restoration of 3D holographic frames suitable for transmitting 3D holographic images with the frame rate required for TV images and a resolution of the Full HD standard and higher. The Patent RF No. 2707582 proposed a method for compressing holographic information and transmitting it using a procedure similar to SSB over conventional communication channels. In this work, the holographic information of a 3D portrait of a person, transmitted and received via the Wi-Fi communication channel, was restored in the form of a rainbow hologram, as one of a variety of holograms, by the computer addition of the carrier spatial frequency, and then hologram was actually produced on a photoresist. This technology can be used to create a holographic phototelegraph or, if there is a dynamic holographic display, to create a holographic television and 3D augmented reality. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Holographic Technologies: Theory and Practice)

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Review

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13 pages, 9197 KiB

Open AccessReview

Computer-Generated Holograms Application in Security Printing

by Evgenii Y. Zlokazov, Vasilii V. Kolyuchkin, Dmitrii S. Lushnikov and Andrei V. Smirnov

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(7), 3289; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12073289 - 24 Mar 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2913

Abstract

In the present article the application of computer-generated holograms in security printing was considered. The main subject was creation of informative memory marks based on CGH for automatic read out of the information embedded in this marks that can be used for identification, copyrighting, or other types of authentication control of security elements. The fundamental theoretical basics of computer-generated holograms and its applications were given. The proposed technical solutions, such as “Printed hologram”, “Smart verification”, and “Holomemory”, were considered in detail. The announced solutions were presented in the schemes of interaction between manufacturers of security printing and its potential consumers—citizens and regulatory government agencies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Holographic Technologies: Theory and Practice)

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35 pages, 11919 KiB

Open AccessObituary

A Tribute to Sergey Odinokov

by Olga I. Odinokova, Vasiliy Ya. Kolyuchkin, Artem B. Solomashenko, Maria V. Shishova, Evgenii Yu. Zlokazov, Rostislav S. Starikov, Nikolay N. Evtikhiev, Nikolay V. Nikonorov, Sergey A. Shoydin, Leonid V. Tanin, Gennadiy A. Gavrilov, Nina M. Ganzherli, Anatoliy V. Lukin, Andrei N. Melnikov, Rosalia Kh. Makaeva, Nadezhda K. Pavlycheva, Elena N. Bogachevskaya, Alkis Lembessis, Rajan Thomas, Michel Grosmann, Michael K. Shevtsov, Yves Gentet, Sergey G. Kalenkov, Olga F. Tikhomirova, Natalia L. Istomina, Olga V. Andreeva, Vladimir Yu. Venediktov and Nikolay V. Petrov Show full author list Hide full author list

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(6), 2892; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12062892 - 11 Mar 2022

Viewed by 3804

Abstract

“My main goal was to point out new phenomena and spread the ideas, which will become the starting points for new research” [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Holographic Technologies: Theory and Practice)

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