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Molecular Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Therapeutics of Neurodegenerative Diseases

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 May 2025 | Viewed by 1073

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
Interests: neurodegenerative disease; aggregation biology; proteostasis; neuromorphology; natural compounds; protein quality control system
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's disease are the most conventional neuronal issues that are causing a dreadful burden in the global healthcare system. Neurodegenerative diseases are complex ailments of the neurons characterized by neuronal decay, reduced cognitive function, and dementia. The primary etiology of neurodegeneration includes ageing, stress, and genetics. However, the molecular basis of these diseases is more complex, including protein misfolding and the formation of toxic aggregates. Understanding the feature mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases and finding their cure is one of the most paramount research fields in today’s science world because the number of patients suffering from these conditions is escalating. Early detection of these conditions can be a key game-changer in neurodegeneration research as disease conditions can be improved by early treatment. Appropriate management and therapeutic application are necessary to maintain the patients’ well-being and slow disease progression. Exploring natural compounds, especially neurotropic elements, de novo neurotropic small molecules, gene-based therapies, and combination therapies of different existing medicines can allow for the development of new effective therapeutics. Altogether, the critical investigation of neurodegeneration-related proteins, their pathology, and other responsible factors as well as the study of new therapeutic possibilities can open new opportunities for future studies.

This Special Issue welcomes original research work (in vitro or in vivo), reviews, and clinical and case studies emphasizing mechanistic disease formation and progression, early diagnostic hallmarks, and new therapeutic approaches. This Special Issue aims to focus on the recent innovations in the field of different neurodegenerative disease biomarkers, therapeutic advancements, and combining the present approaches in the best possible way to improve the patients’ quality of life.

Dr. Sarmistha Mitra
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • neurodegenerative diseases
  • ageing
  • neurodegeneration hallmarks
  • protein misfolding and aggregates
  • molecular diagnosis
  • therapeutic management
  • small molecule and drug design
  • complementary and alternative medicine

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

16 pages, 721 KiB  
Review
Positron Emission Tomography in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: A Scoping Review
by Marialuisa Zedde, Fabrizio Piazza and Rosario Pascarella
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(7), 3973; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15073973 - 3 Apr 2025
Viewed by 722
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is one of the most prevalent small vessel diseases (SVDs). Its diagnostic criteria rely mainly on neuroimaging markers, in particular using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), as pathology-based diagnoses are only occasionally available. Amyloid PET is frequently used to [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is one of the most prevalent small vessel diseases (SVDs). Its diagnostic criteria rely mainly on neuroimaging markers, in particular using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), as pathology-based diagnoses are only occasionally available. Amyloid PET is frequently used to assess parenchymal amyloid deposition in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but amyloid tracers are not specific to vascular and parenchymal amyloids. The aim of this scoping review is to assess the usefulness of amyloid PET imaging in CAA. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed, aiming to assess amyloid PET performance in the following situations: (I) CAA-related intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and convexal subarachnoid hemorrhage; (II) pathology-proven CAA; (III) CAA-related inflammation; (IV) hereditary CAA. Results: A total of 52 studies were retrieved, including three systematic reviews, and from these, a specific selection was taken according to each objective, confirming the diagnostic value of amyloid PET added to MRI and clinical information in all the selected situations, although with some limitations. Conclusions: Amyloid PET reliably detects increased global and region-specific amyloid deposition in CAA patients, with a characteristic occipital-predominant pattern. Continued advancements in tracer development and imaging methodologies are needed to increase specificity. Full article
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