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Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy: New Technologies and Applications

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 December 2024) | Viewed by 3758

Special Issue Editors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mineral and extractive metallurgical processes play a crucial role in obtaining raw materials essential for advancing new technologies, which have significant socioeconomic and environmental impacts globally. In some countries, the mining sector is vital to their economic development. For instance, copper mining in Chile is the primary economic activity, directly contributing 10% to the country's gross domestic product and having widespread indirect effects on the broader economy. However, in recent years, the mining industry has faced a wide array of challenges:

  • Ores having progressively lower grades for metal mines;
  • Excessive long-term environmental liabilities in the form of tailings and waste rock piles;
  • Lack of available processing water.

These challenges are prompting technological innovations aimed at enhancing and optimizing metal recovery from both conventional and emerging processes. This includes the reuse and recycling of industrial streams, which can often be both economically and environmentally beneficial, an overall reduction in water consumption, and the integration of renewable energy generation throughout mining operations.

In this Special Issue, we welcome both review articles and original research focused on chemical and metallurgical processes, as well as related environmental studies. Possible topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Extractive metallurgical processes;
  • Environmental remediation and reclamation efforts, including treatment and utilization of mineral waste streams;
  • Impacts of technological innovation on the mineral value chain.

Dr. Jonathan Castillo
Dr. Norman Toro
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hydrometallurgy
  • leaching
  • mineral processing
  • flotation
  • rheology
  • simulation
  • statistics
  • ionic liquids

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 2907 KiB  
Communication
Molybdenum Recovery from the Copper Hydrometallurgical Extraction Route with High Content of Chloride Ions Using the Ion Exchange Technique
by Jaime Tapia, Angélica Quintriqueo and José Hernández
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(17), 7477; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14177477 - 23 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1318
Abstract
This manuscript describes molybdenum recovery from copper Pregnant Leaching Solutions (PLSs) in the copper oxide mining industry with high contents of chloride ions. This product was recovered from the copper leaching pond solutions of the Chilean National Copper Mining Corporation (CODELCO) using the [...] Read more.
This manuscript describes molybdenum recovery from copper Pregnant Leaching Solutions (PLSs) in the copper oxide mining industry with high contents of chloride ions. This product was recovered from the copper leaching pond solutions of the Chilean National Copper Mining Corporation (CODELCO) using the ion exchange process. This process recovered molybdenum from initial Mo concentrations of 50 mg/L using two different anion−exchange resins. The first experiments, with 1 g/L Cl, achieved recovery yields of 90% and molybdenum concentrates as CaMoO4. However, the process was permanently halted because of the early saturation of the ion exchange resins given by high chloride concentrations (10 g/L Cl) of the original copper PLS and the significant reagent consumption given by the low adsorption capacity. Static studies were developed to determine the adsorption isotherms, followed by continuous molybdenum recovery tests. The Langmuir adsorption parameters were determined as a function of the chloride concentration, giving absorption capacities from 180 to 250 mg Mo/gram of resin and recoveries from 63% to 90%. The breakthrough values for the DOWEX and Lewatit resins for chloride contents of 10 g/L were 180 and 245 BV, respectively, while for 1 g/L, these values were 620 and 890 BV. This allowed obtaining elution solutions of 890 mg Mo/L for the DOWEX resin and 1000 mg Mo/L for the Lewatit resin. Full article
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Review

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24 pages, 7536 KiB  
Review
Direct Solar Thermal Water-Splitting Using Iron and Iron Oxides at High Temperatures: A Review
by Manuel Fuentes, Diego Pulido, Edward Fuentealba, Alvaro Soliz, Norman Toro, Atul Sagade and Felipe M. Galleguillos Madrid
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(16), 7056; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14167056 - 12 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1998
Abstract
Green hydrogen is poised to play a crucial role in the energy-transition process in developed countries over the coming years, particularly in those countries aiming to achieve net-zero emissions. Consequently, the for green hydrogen is expected to rise significantly. This article explores the [...] Read more.
Green hydrogen is poised to play a crucial role in the energy-transition process in developed countries over the coming years, particularly in those countries aiming to achieve net-zero emissions. Consequently, the for green hydrogen is expected to rise significantly. This article explores the fundamental methods of producing hydrogen, focusing on the oxidation reaction within a thermochemical solar cycle for the dissociation of steam. Solar thermochemical cycles have been extensively researched, yet they remain in the development stage as research groups strive to identify optimal materials and conditions to enhance process efficiency, especially at high temperatures. The article analyses theoretical foundations drawn from exhaustive scientific studies related to the oxidation of iron in steam, the relationship with the activation energy of the corrosive process, thermodynamic aspects, and the kinetic model of a heterogeneous reaction. Additionally, it presents various mechanisms of high-temperature oxidation, pH effects, reactors, and materials (including fluidized beds). This scientific review suggests that hydrogen production via a thermochemical cycle is more efficient than production via electrochemical processes (such as electrolysis), provided the limitations of the cycle’s reduction stage can be overcome. Full article
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