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Applied Sciences
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Computer-Aided Design in Biomedical Engineering
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Computer-Aided Design in Biomedical Engineering

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2022) | Viewed by 18308

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Toh Yen Pang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
Interests: systems design and modelling; computer modelling and simulation; biomechanical modelling and analysis; injury prevention; road safety; digital twins; IoT
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the last two decades, thanks to the advances in computer-aided design (CAD) technology in the biomedical industry, many novel and important applications have been created to save lives and to enhance patients’ treatments around the world. The use of CAD is now common in developing applications such as: (1) the design and manufacture of personalized medical devices, adapted to the morphology of a specific patient; (2) tissue engineering in which simulation, biomimetic design, analysis, and fabrication of tissue scaffolds are used; and (3) healthcare diagnosis and management, which support physicians in the visualization and extraction of hidden abnormalities, and help them in making more accurate treatment decisions.

This Special Issue will cover, but is not limited to, the role CAD technology plays in the biomedical industry and its applications—some examples include:

  1. Prothesis, medical device, and implant design
  2. Pre-operative surgical planning and design
  3. Detection and diagnostic approaches
  4. Additive manufacturing and 3D and 4D printing

We hope that this Special Issue will be a worthwhile contribution by the international research group and scientific community to highlight the current and future potential applications of CAD in order to solve problems related to CAD use in biomedical engineering.

Dr. Toh Yen Pang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • computer-aided design
  • prothesis and implant design
  • biomedical devices
  • additive manufacturing and 3D and 4D printing

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 3516 KiB  
Article
Biomechanical Analysis of Clavicle Hook Plates with a Range of Posterior Hook Offsets Implanted at Different Acromion Positions in the Acromioclavicular Joint: A Finite Element Analysis Study
by Li-Kun Hung, Cheng-Hung Lee and Kuo-Chih Su
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(23), 11105; https://doi.org/10.3390/app112311105 - 23 Nov 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4669
Abstract
The clavicle hook plate is commonly used in acromioclavicular injuries; however, the biomechanical effect of the posterior hook offset and hook position is unclear. This study applied a finite element analysis (FEA) to evaluate these parameters to improve the clinical strategy. Nine FEA [...] Read more.
The clavicle hook plate is commonly used in acromioclavicular injuries; however, the biomechanical effect of the posterior hook offset and hook position is unclear. This study applied a finite element analysis (FEA) to evaluate these parameters to improve the clinical strategy. Nine FEA models with 0-mm, 5-mm, and 10-mm posterior hook offsets implanted in the anterior, middle, and posterior acromion were established to evaluate the stress distribution and the reaction force on the acromion. The 5-mm and 10-mm posterior hook offsets at all acromion positions reduced the reaction force on the acromion but slightly increased the stress on the clavicle. The 0-mm offset increased the reaction force at all acromion positions and was relatively lower at the middle acromion. The clavicle hook plate with a posterior hook offset reduces the reaction force on the acromion, providing a flexibility of the hook position. These results provide surgeons with the biomechanical basis for the hook offset and position and engineers with the mechanical basis for the implant design. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computer-Aided Design in Biomedical Engineering)
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11 pages, 5653 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Accuracy of Alginate Impression and Intraoral Scanner in Model with and without Orthodontic Brackets
by Pitchapa Phudphong, Pokpong Amornvit and Nattapong Sirintawat
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(13), 6037; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11136037 - 29 Jun 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3373
Abstract
Surgical splints are widely used in orthognathic surgery. The fitting of a surgical splint affects the success of the surgery. Stereolithography (STL), the method used to achieve accurate and reliable input files, is important for the manufacturing process of the surgical splint. Nowadays, [...] Read more.
Surgical splints are widely used in orthognathic surgery. The fitting of a surgical splint affects the success of the surgery. Stereolithography (STL), the method used to achieve accurate and reliable input files, is important for the manufacturing process of the surgical splint. Nowadays, data acquisition can be performed with the aid of an intraoral scanner (IOS) or impression materials. This in vitro study aimed to compare the trueness and precision of IOS (TRIOS3®, 3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) and alginate impression (Kromopan®, Lascod, Florence, Italy) in a full-arch dental model with/without orthodontic brackets. Custom complete arch models were fabricated with a refractive index similar to that of tooth structure. A TRIOS3® intraoral scanner (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) and an alginate impression were used to duplicate the custom model without orthodontic brackets for complete arch scenarios (both upper and lower arches), n = 5. Subsequently, orthodontic brackets (Ormco®, Glendora, CA, USA) were attached to the custom model and the TRIOS® intraoral scanner and alginate impression were used again. Analysis was performed using 3-dimensional (3D) metrology software (GOM inspect®, GOM GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany) to measure surface deviations between the STL files from the custom model to evaluate and compare their trueness and precision. All data were entered into Microsoft Excel and then transferred to SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). The average surface deviations were compared between the TRIOS3® intraoral scanner and the alginate impression using a repeated measures ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) with adjustment for multiple comparisons using Bonferroni’s correction. There were no significant differences in trueness and precision between TRIOS3® and alginate impression in full arch models with and without orthodontic brackets. Moreover, the accuracy of all groups was less than 100 microns, which was acceptable. Further in vivo studies are required to confirm these results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computer-Aided Design in Biomedical Engineering)
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Review

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17 pages, 32794 KiB  
Review
Bringing CT Scanners to the Skies: Design of a CT Scanner for an Air Mobile Stroke Unit
by Jun Sheng Kwok, Kate Fox, Cees Bil, Francesca Langenberg, Anna H. Balabanski, Angela Dos Santos, Andrew Bivard, Fergus Gardiner, Christopher Bladin, Mark Parsons, Henry Zhao, Skye Coote, Christopher Levi, Henry De Aizpurua, Bruce Campbell, Stephen M. Davis, Geoffrey A. Donnan, Damien Easton and Toh Yen Pang
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(3), 1560; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12031560 - 31 Jan 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 7279
Abstract
Stroke is the second most common cause of death and remains a persistent health challenge globally. Due to its highly time-sensitive nature, earlier stroke treatments should be enforced for improved patient outcome. The mobile stroke unit (MSU) was conceptualized and implemented to deliver [...] Read more.
Stroke is the second most common cause of death and remains a persistent health challenge globally. Due to its highly time-sensitive nature, earlier stroke treatments should be enforced for improved patient outcome. The mobile stroke unit (MSU) was conceptualized and implemented to deliver the diagnosis and treatment to a stroke patient in the ultra-early time window (<1 h) in the pre-hospital setting and has shown to be clinically effective. However, due to geographical challenges, most rural communities are still unable to receive timely stroke intervention, as access to specialized stroke facilities for optimal stroke treatment poses a challenge. Therefore, the aircraft counterpart (Air-MSU) of the conventional road MSU offers a plausible solution to this shortcoming by expanding the catchment area for regional locations in Australia. The implementation of Air-MSU is currently hindered by several technical limitations, where current commercially available CT scanners are still oversized and too heavy to be integrated into a conventional helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS). In collaboration with the Australian Stroke Alliance and Melbourne Brain Centre, this article aims to explore the possibilities and methodologies in reducing the weight and, effectively, the size of an existing CT scanner, such that it can be retrofitted into the proposed search and rescue helicopter—Agusta Westland AW189. The result will be Australia’s first-ever customized CT scanner structure designed to fit in a search-and-rescue helicopter used for Air-MSU. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computer-Aided Design in Biomedical Engineering)
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