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Novel Extraction Methods and Applications
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Novel Extraction Methods and Applications

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical and Molecular Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2025 | Viewed by 3721

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Alexandra Cristina Blaga

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Organic, Biochemical and Food Department, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, 700050 Iasi, Romania
Interests: microbiotechnology; separations; biosorption; microencapsulation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bioactive compounds and antibiotics are important for maintaining human health and treating various illnesses, and thus are utterly essential in sectors such as food and pharmaceuticals. Even if bioactive compounds can be obtained from various natural sources such as plants, animals, and microorganisms, their production and separation techniques require constant attention. Extraction (via solid–liquid, liquid–liquid, and supercritical fluid extraction) is a critical step in the isolation and purification of bioactive compounds. These methods allow, in specific conditions, the selective separation of the target compounds from the natural source or from fermentation broth, and their subsequent purification. Extraction offers several advantages: it is clean and economical, energy-efficient, and can be used at an industrial scale with existing equipment.

Extraction is a key separation process in the chemical industry, and it is crucial that its mechanism and influencing factors are understood if extraction processes are to be designed and optimized. The mechanism of extraction depends on various factors, such as the type of solvent used, the solubility of the target compound in the solvent, and the temperature and pressure conditions. The process can be governed by diffusion, mass transfer, and chemical reaction kinetics. The influencing factors that require analysis in order to obtain a desired separation efficiency, yield, and purity of the target compound include the properties of the solvent, such as its polarity and selectivity; the properties of the feed material, such as its particle size and composition; and the operating conditions, such as the temperature, pressure, and flow rate.

This Special Issue has been set up with the aim of presenting advances in this field, including, but not limited to, the following topics:

  • New extractions techniques;
  • The applications of extraction techniques;
  • Extraction mechanisms;
  • Influencing factors and related applications.

Dr. Alexandra Cristina Blaga
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • new extractions techniques
  • the applications of extraction techniques
  • extraction mechanisms
  • influencing factors and related applications

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 2809 KiB  
Article
Physicochemical, Functional, and Antibacterial Properties of Inulin-Type Fructans Isolated from Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) Roots by “Green” Extraction Techniques
by Nadezhda Petkova, Ivanka Hambarliyska, Ivan Ivanov, Manol Ognyanov, Krastena Nikolova, Sevginar Ibryamova and Tsveteslava Ignatova-Ivanova
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(8), 4091; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15084091 - 8 Apr 2025
Viewed by 865
Abstract
The current study aims for the isolation and physicochemical characterization of inulin from defatted dandelion roots using green extraction techniques, including microwave extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). The structure and degree of polymerization of inulin were elucidated by chromatographic techniques, as well [...] Read more.
The current study aims for the isolation and physicochemical characterization of inulin from defatted dandelion roots using green extraction techniques, including microwave extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). The structure and degree of polymerization of inulin were elucidated by chromatographic techniques, as well as by FTIR and NMR spectroscopies. The color characteristics, water- and oil-holding capacity, solubility, swelling properties, wettability, angle of repose, flowability, and cohesiveness of dandelion inulin were evaluated. Moreover, the antioxidant and antibacterial potential of dandelion inulin were revealed. The results were compared with the conventional extraction and inulin from chicory. Dandelion inulin was evaluated as a powder substance with a degree of polymerization (DP) of 17–24. The highest yield (20%) was obtained by classical extraction; however, UAE and MAE demonstrated the highest purity. FT-IR and NMR spectra revealed that dandelion inulin is glucofructan with a molecular weight of 2.7–3.2 kDa that consists mainly of fructosyl units β-(2→1) linked to one α-D-glucose unit UAE was evaluated as the most perspective technique for the simultaneous extraction of inulin from dandelion roots, with the highest average DP 24 and high purity (82%), molecular mass, total fructose content, swelling index, and oil-holding capacity. Dandelion inulin exhibited intermediate cohesiveness, fair flowability, and moderate antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes 863 and Bacillus subtilis 6633. The physicochemical and functional properties of dandelion inulin reveal its future potential as an additive in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutics formulations as a texture modifier, a fat replacer, and a drug carrier. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Extraction Methods and Applications)
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15 pages, 4313 KiB  
Article
New Menthol-Based Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents as a Tool for Lactic Acid Extraction
by Denitsa Ivanova, Apostol Apostolov, Pencho Tuleshkov, Christo Novakov and Dragomir Yankov
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(7), 3564; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15073564 - 25 Mar 2025
Viewed by 463
Abstract
In recent years, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have attracted a lot of attention as a substitute for the current toxic organic solvents and can be applied in many chemical processes such as extraction and synthesis. The development of new deep eutectic solvents for [...] Read more.
In recent years, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have attracted a lot of attention as a substitute for the current toxic organic solvents and can be applied in many chemical processes such as extraction and synthesis. The development of new deep eutectic solvents for use in the isolation of valuable biologically active substances with significant benefits for health, the environment, and others is being investigated with increasing scientific interest. Deep eutectic solvents were prepared using menthol as a hydrogen bond donor and different tertiary amines as hydrogen bond acceptors by varying the ratio of the two constituents. The DESs obtained were analyzed using densitometry, viscosimetry, IR, TGA, and DSC. The potential of the DESs for extraction and re-extraction was evaluated with a water solution of lactic acid. All the DESs obtained are suitable for the extraction of lactic acid. Deep eutectic solvents based on menthol and dioctyl amine (M/DOA 2:1), trioctyl amine (M/TOA 2:1), tridodecyl amine (M/TDDA 1:2), and trihexyl amine (M/THA 2:1) show highest results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Extraction Methods and Applications)
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13 pages, 732 KiB  
Article
Nutritional Profiling of Underutilised Citrullus lanatus mucosospermus Seed Flour
by Olakunbi Olubi, Joseline Felix-Minnaar and Victoria A. Jideani
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(9), 3709; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14093709 - 26 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1804
Abstract
The seed of Citrullus lanatus mucosospermus, known as egusi, is versatile and explored for its oil and flour functionality. Raw flour can be used as a raw material in a nutritional program due to its oil-rich, remarkably high protein content, and richness in [...] Read more.
The seed of Citrullus lanatus mucosospermus, known as egusi, is versatile and explored for its oil and flour functionality. Raw flour can be used as a raw material in a nutritional program due to its oil-rich, remarkably high protein content, and richness in omega-6 fatty acids. There is a need to explore eco-friendly defatting methods using the supercritical CO2 extraction method (SFECO2) to preserve this seed’s generic richness and to control the flour–oil ratio in processing formulations. The supercritical fluid extraction method uses temperature, pressure, and CO2 flow rate to determine the best yield and extraction parameters. Defatted egusi flour (DEF) was extracted using three runs. Firstly, at 60 °C, 30 g/h, and 450 bar (DEF1); secondly, at 55 °C, 30 g/h, and 600 bar (DEF2); and thirdly, extraction was performed at 75 °C, 30 g/h and 600 bar (DEF3). Trace and major elements were analysed using Agilent 7700 quadruple ICP-MS (Agilent Technologies Network, Palo Alto, CA, USA) and Thermo Cap 6200 ICP-AES (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), respectively. The sugar was separated on a gas chromatograph coupled to a Mass Selective Detector (MSD). The fundamental pasting property measurements were performed using a Rapid Visco Analyser RVA 4500 Perten instrument Sin 214 31208-45 Australia. Data analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS version 29 software (v. 2022). The protein content of defatted egusi flour ranged from 48.4 for DEF2 to 60.4% w/w for DEF1 and differed significantly, with a rich amino acid high in glutamine ranging from 9.8 to 12.9 g/100 g). DEF2 (512.0 cP) showed the highest peak viscosity and was the most viscous among the samples. Defatted flour with lower temperature and lower pressure (60 °C and 450 bar) offered the best nutritional properties, proffering defatted egusi flour from SFECO2, a novel flour for dietary programs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Extraction Methods and Applications)
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