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A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Acoustics and Vibrations".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2026 | Viewed by 16666

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Zhiwei Guo

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Guest Editor

Associate Professor, School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
Interests: noise prediction; noise and vibration control

Prof. Dr. Jing Liu

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Guest Editor

School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
Interests: dynamics; vibrations; acoustics; fault diagnosis; power loss
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Dr. Ting Wang

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Guest Editor

School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: acoustic metamaterials; structural sound; vibration control
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Vibration and sound are widely present physical phenomena in nature, which can be utilized by humans. However, they can also have negative effects. Vibration is one of the causes of structural damage and reduced lifespan in engineering. Meanwhile, excessive vibration will also lead to a decrease in the efficiency, quality, and accuracy of machines and instruments. In addition, mechanical structure vibration is usually the main cause of radiated noise. People who work in poor-vibration and -noise environments for a long time can develop various illnesses. Therefore, studying vibration and noise control methods is of great significance for ensuring industrial production and building a harmonious living environment for residents.

At present, many methods for vibration and noise reduction have been developed, such as vibration isolation, vibration absorption, vibration damping, sound insulation, sound absorption, and active control. With the development of new technologies, the use of acoustic metamaterials, phononic crystals, acoustic metasurfaces, and acoustic black holes for vibration and noise control has also received widespread attention from scholars. In addition, various other vibration and noise reduction methods have also gradually emerged in recent years.

This Special Issue aims to bring together first-class articles in the field of noise and vibration control. Theoretical, numerical, and experimental studies on vibration and noise control in airborne or underwater environments are all welcomed. We hope this topic can attract widespread attention and have a beneficial impact on the field of noise and vibration control. The potential topics include (but are not limited to) the following:

Reviews of specific noise and vibration control methods;
Algorithms for active/passive noise/vibration control;
New insights into vibration isolation, vibration absorption, and vibration damping;
New insights into sound insulation and sound absorption;
Acoustic metamaterials, phononic crystals, acoustic metasurfaces, and acoustic black holes;
Airborne noise control and underwater noise control.

Dr. Zhiwei Guo
Prof. Dr. Jing Liu
Dr. Ting Wang
Guest Editors

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Keywords

vibration control
noise control
airborne noise
underwater noise
active/passive control

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Published Papers (10 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 18914 KB

Open AccessArticle

Optimization Design and Experimental Testing of Sound Insulation Performance for Silent Cabins

by Li Tang, Yicheng Lu, Meiping Sheng, Zhiwei Guo and Bin Lu

Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(6), 2996; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16062996 - 20 Mar 2026

Viewed by 475

Abstract

This study investigates the sound insulation performance of an anechoic chamber, exploring the influence patterns of different multilayer material combinations on wall sound insulation characteristics. Based on sound transmission theory, a predictive model for multilayer material wall sound insulation was established. The finite element method was employed to simulate the sound propagation characteristics of walls and glass doors with various material combinations. After validating the simulation results through a double-room method experiment, the material combination scheme for the anechoic chamber walls and glass doors was optimized. Based on this, a 1000 mm × 1000 mm × 2300 mm soundproof room prototype was designed and constructed. Its sound insulation performance under reverberant conditions was tested using the insertion loss method and compared with simulation data. Simultaneously, a hybrid calculation method combining low-frequency finite element analysis with high-frequency statistical energy analysis enabled precise and efficient prediction of the overall sound insulation performance of the soundproof room. Research revealed that single-pane glass with thicknesses between 5 and 20 mm conformed to the mass law, with sound insulation increasing by an average of 0.8 dB per additional millimeter. The 10 mm single-pane glass emerged as the optimal choice for the soundproof room’s glass door due to its ideal thickness and excellent low-to-mid-frequency sound insulation. The optimized wall structure featured compact thickness, outstanding low-frequency sound insulation, and balanced mid-to-high-frequency performance. Simulation and experimental results for the core frequency range of 63–1000 Hz showed high consistency, which validates the reliability of the theoretical model and simulation methodology within this frequency band. The deviation of simulation results from experimental data in the frequency range above 1000 Hz is mainly caused by acoustic leakage due to experimental sealing defects, and the high-frequency simulation results are only used for trend analysis rather than conclusion support. This study identifies the optimal multi-layer material combination for soundproof rooms, providing practical material strategies for acoustic design. It also reveals the sound insulation mechanisms of multi-layer composite structures. The findings offer significant reference for optimizing soundproofing materials and structures in architectural acoustics and transportation noise control. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances in Noise and Vibration Control)

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23 pages, 3909 KB

Open AccessArticle

Development and Application of a “Decomposition–Denoising”-Based Vibration-Signal Denoising System for Radial Steel Gates Under Discharge Excitation

by Chen Wang, Yakun Liu, Wenqi Wang, Yuan Wang, Di Zhang and Kaixuan Zhang

Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(2), 929; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16020929 - 16 Jan 2026

Viewed by 343

Abstract

To mitigate the pervasive noise interference present in the measured vibration signals of radial steel gates and to address the limitations of conventional wavelet-threshold denoising, this study proposes a coupled “decomposition–denoising” theoretical framework for vibration-signal purification. The key novelty lies in a smooth and tunable thresholding strategy that enables controlled filtering while preserving key structural characteristics within an integrated denoising workflow. In the proposed approach, the measured signal is decomposed into intrinsic mode components using a data-driven decomposition method, noise-dominated components are identified using multiscale permutation entropy, and only these components are selectively denoised before signal reconstruction. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses conducted on synthetic signals demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework and confirm the enhanced smoothness and robustness of the improved thresholding scheme. Performance is evaluated using objective measures such as signal-to-noise ratio and root-mean-square error, together with spectral-consistency checks for field measurements. Furthermore, two field-measured engineering cases involving radial steel gates substantiate the engineering applicability and generalization capability of the proposed method, showing clearer signals and more stable diagnostic-relevant indicators. Finally, the study integrates the decomposition, denoising, and parameter-selection modules into a user-oriented vibration-signal denoising system, establishing an efficient workflow for engineering signal processing and subsequent structural-health monitoring applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances in Noise and Vibration Control)

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17 pages, 3414 KB

Open AccessArticle

Research on Low-Frequency Sound Absorption Based on the Combined Array of Hybrid Digital–Analog Shunt Loudspeakers

by Jiachen Liu, Yubing Xu, Chaonan Cong and Jiawei Wu

Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(23), 12774; https://doi.org/10.3390/app152312774 - 2 Dec 2025

Viewed by 684

Abstract

Low-frequency noise, the most critical noise frequency band affecting human physical and mental health, poses a significant challenge for effective control in spatially constrained building environments. The shunt loudspeaker offers a novel solution to control low-frequency noise. Unlike traditional methods, it does not rely on large cavity depth but only requires the adjustment of parameters or structure of the shunt circuit. However, most shunt loudspeakers utilize analog shunt technology, which leads to instability and inaccuracy owing to the negative impedance converter circuit and parasitic impedance in analog electronic components. The paper proposes a tunable low-frequency sound absorber utilizing a combined array of hybrid digital–analog shunt loudspeakers. The theoretical model was established based on the electro-mechanical–acoustic analogy method and parallel impedance method. Numerical simulations and experimental studies were performed to verify the proposed model. The results demonstrate that the proposed absorber can achieve excellent low-frequency sound absorption capability by designing only a few digital filter parameters, while simultaneously enhancing the stability and accuracy of the system. This study presents a promising innovative method for low-frequency noise control at sub-wavelength scales, providing a space-efficient solution. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances in Noise and Vibration Control)

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28 pages, 8199 KB

Open AccessArticle

Vibration Characteristics of a Beam with Elastic Time-Varying Stiffness Boundaries

by Zhiwei Guo, Yu Zhang, Meiping Sheng, Leilei Liu and Yinling Li

Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(21), 11365; https://doi.org/10.3390/app152111365 - 23 Oct 2025

Viewed by 1165

Abstract

In a conventional elastic beam with steady boundary stiffness, vibrational energy tends to concentrate at specific modal frequencies, often resulting in significant resonance phenomena. To address this issue, a novel control strategy is proposed in this study, in which the stiffness of boundary springs is dynamically modulated to alter the resonance characteristics of the beam. The Newmark–Beta method is employed to compute the transient response of the beam with time-varying stiffness in the time domain. A series of numerical simulations is conducted to analyze the vibration behavior of the structure under single-model frequency, multimodal frequency, narrowband, and broadband random excitations. The results indicate that time-varying stiffness effectively redistributes energy from resonance frequencies to other frequency bands, thereby suppressing resonance peaks and reducing displacement amplitudes. Furthermore, parametric analysis reveals that increasing the range of stiffness variation enhances spectral dispersion and improves vibration attenuation performance, and increasing the average stiffness level helps improve energy dispersion; however, it may lead to a slight increase in vibration response at low frequencies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances in Noise and Vibration Control)

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21 pages, 7587 KB

Open AccessArticle

Acoustic Noise of Induction Motor Drive with Voltage-Source Inverter by Random Space Vector PWM: Simulation and Experimentation Analysis

by Bouyahi Henda and Adel Khedher

Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(9), 4646; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15094646 - 23 Apr 2025

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2420

Abstract

The discrete tonal bands generated by an electric machine stator current spectrum for the fixed Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) control have side effects on the acoustic noise and vibration. Thus, reducing the magnitude of dominant harmonics and spreading the harmonic spectrum provide a remedy for this problem. A well-established concept has involved the application of the randomized Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) strategy in power converters to spread the power spectrum of the stator current to minimize its amplitude. Therefore, Random SVPWM (RSVPWM) is a new switching method applied for power converters. For the control of the three-phase inverter, three different RSVPWM approaches are suggested: Random Switching Frequency (RSF), Random Zero Vector (RZV) and Random Pulse Position (RPP). This paper investigates the effect of the fixed and random SVPWM strategies on acoustic noise emitted by an Induction Machine (IM) fed by a three-phase inverter. Simulation results exhibit the validity and efficiency of the RSF_SVPWM strategy to reduce sideband harmonics at different modulation indexes. The proposed PWM strategies evaluate the results of the equivalent experiments on an IM fed by a two-level voltage source inverter. The experimental results of the harmonic current and acoustic noise spectra demonstrate also that the acoustic noise is attenuated and dispersed totally for the proposed RSF_SVPWM compared to the RZV_SVPWM and, RPP_SVPWM strategies and the random PWM modulation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances in Noise and Vibration Control)

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12 pages, 3059 KB

Open AccessArticle

Structure Design and Optimization of MRE Vibration Isolator

by Shuaijun Wang, Yi Zhao, Han Lei, Shaomin Li, Hao Fang and Dahua Ye

Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(24), 11755; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142411755 - 17 Dec 2024

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2041

Abstract

As an intelligent component, the high-performance MRE vibration isolator has great advantages, such as a wide vibration isolation frequency range and good performance in semi-active vibration reduction applications. In order to develop high-performance MRE devices, Firstly, this paper makes use of the advantages of real-time tracking/away from external excitation frequency of MRE devices, analyzes the working mode of MRE, and designs a shear MRE vibration isolator based on airborne equipment. Secondly, the material selection and magnetic circuit analysis of the MRE are also completed, and the magnetic field in the MRE region is maximized under the same input energy, thus improving the working efficiency of the MRE isolator. Finally, the relationship between magnetic induction intensity and structural size variables is established by the finite element method and the structural dimensionless method. Based on COMSOL multi-physics simulation software (version 6.0), the global optimization is carried out, the results show that the optimal solution satisfying the comprehensive index of optimal vibration isolation performance of the MRE isolator is obtained, then the structural parameters of the isolator are optimized, and its magnetic control performance is improved. The MRE vibration isolator designed in this paper meets the vibration isolation requirements of airborne optical equipment and has certain engineering application value. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances in Noise and Vibration Control)

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15 pages, 2994 KB

Open AccessArticle

New Mixed Skyhook and Displacement–Velocity Control for Improving the Effectiveness of Vibration Isolation in the Lateral Suspension System of a Railway Vehicle

by Yaojung Shiao and Tan-Linh Huynh

Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(24), 11680; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142411680 - 14 Dec 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1591

Abstract

Demands for increasing the velocity and load carrying capacity of railway vehicles are a challenge to the passive suspension systems used for isolating the lateral vibrations of the carbody of a railway vehicle, especially under a wide range of vibration frequencies. Semiactive suspension systems, especially systems with a magnetorheological damper (MRD), have been investigated as promising alternatives. Many control algorithms have been developed for fine-tuning the damping force generated by MRDs, but they have been ineffective in isolating carbody vibrations at or around the resonance frequencies of the carbody and bogie. This study aims to develop a mixed control algorithm for a new skyhook (SH) control and a new displacement–velocity (DV) control to improve the effectiveness of vibration isolation in resonance frequency regions while producing high performance across the remaining frequencies. The damping coefficient of the new SH controller depends on the vibration velocity of the components of the suspension system and the skyhook damping variable, whereas that of the new DV controller depends on the velocity and displacement of the components of the suspension system and the stiffness variable. The values of the skyhook damping variable and stiffness variable were identified from the vibration velocity of the carbody using the trial and error method. The results of a numerical simulation problem indicated that the proposed control method worked effectively at low frequencies, similar to the conventional SH–DV controller, whereas it significantly improved ride comfort at high frequencies; at the resonance frequency of the bogie (14.6 Hz), in particular, it reduced the vibration velocity and acceleration of the carbody by 50.85% and 45.39%, respectively, compared with the conventional mixed SH–DV controller. The simplicity and high performance of the new mixed SH–DV control algorithm makes it a promising tool to be applied to the semiactive suspension of railway vehicles in real-world applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances in Noise and Vibration Control)

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22 pages, 14663 KB

Open AccessArticle

Experimental Investigation of Tensile, Shear, and Compression Behavior of Additional Plate Damping Structures with Entangled Metallic Wire Material

by Longqi Cai, Yiwan Wu, Yu Tang, Tong Lu, Jiasong Liang and Zhaowen Li

Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(22), 10114; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142210114 - 5 Nov 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1991

Abstract

To fulfill the vibration damping requirements of plate structures under complex conditions, additional damping structures with entangled metallic wire material (EMWM) are proposed based on the excellent physical properties of EMWM. A batch of specimens with different filament diameters, densities, and thicknesses are prepared. The stiffness and loss factors are taken as the evaluation indexes, and orthogonal tests are conducted to obtain the tensile, shear, and compression properties. The results show that the optimal parameter combinations can be obtained through orthogonal tests. For the specimens with optimal parameter combinations, the mechanical tests under different loading rates and loading displacements are carried out. With the increase in loading rate, the tensile and shear forces appear to display fracture failure in advance, and the compression performance is stable without significant changes. The change rule under each mechanical test is explored using the stiffness and loss factor evaluation index. It provides a reference for the analysis of the preparation parameters of subsequent additional damping structures with EMWM. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances in Noise and Vibration Control)

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13 pages, 3471 KB

Open AccessArticle

An Ultra-Thin Composite Metasurface with Hybrid-Damping Modes for Broadband Sound Absorption

by Chongrui Liu, Zexiang Xie and Xiaoli Liu

Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(20), 9290; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14209290 - 12 Oct 2024

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1929

Abstract

In this paper, we proposed an ultra-thin composite metasurface for broadband sound absorption, in which a compound Helmholtz structure and porous materials are coupled in a parallel-series arrangement. The Helmholtz structure comprises multiple compound cells with hybrid-damping modes, in which the over-damping and matched-damping impedance are integrated for a lower and broader absorption spectrum. By coupling the porous materials, the metasurface obtains above 85% average absorption over 750–10,000 Hz with a thickness of 31 mm, and the performance below 1600 Hz is significantly enhanced compared to the pure porous materials. This metasurface could possess broad applications in modern equipment considering its extraordinary absorption and compact structure. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances in Noise and Vibration Control)

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Other

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27 pages, 2113 KB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Systematic Review of Acoustic Monitoring in Livestock Farming: Vocalization Patterns and Sound Source Analysis

by Jhoan Nicolas Ramos Niño, Fernanda Campos de Sousa, Carlos Eduardo Alves Oliveira, André Luiz de Freitas Coelho, Robinson Osorio Hernandez and Matteo Barbari

Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(18), 9910; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15189910 - 10 Sep 2025

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2810

Abstract

Environmental sound and animal vocalizations provide non-invasive information for welfare assessment in livestock systems. This systematic review surveys their application in beef and dairy cattle, poultry, and swine, with a focus on environmental noise, vocalizations and the characterization of acoustic sources. Searches in Scopus and Web of Science followed PRISMA guidance and the PICO framework. After applying strict criteria that required peer-reviewed experimental studies in English, quantifiable acoustic data, and clear descriptions of measurement procedures, the review included 36 studies. Four approaches recur: vocalizations as welfare indicators; characterization of acoustic sources; combined analyses of vocalizations and sources; and evaluation of animal responses to acoustic stimuli. Recent work reports advances in recording equipment, signal processing, and precision livestock tools. Important challenges remain, including heterogeneous acoustic metrics, limited physiological validation, and difficulties applying models under commercial conditions. Overall, the evidence supports sound as a candidate for real-time monitoring and highlights the need for accessible, standardized methods. The findings provide a basis for future research and practical applications in welfare assessment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances in Noise and Vibration Control)

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