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Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Remove of Pollutants for Green and Healthy Environment

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical and Molecular Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2024) | Viewed by 5531

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Rennes Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Rennes, CEDEX 7, 35708 Rennes, France
Interests: environmental engineering; combined processes; biological treatment; advanced (electrochemical) oxidation processes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Laser Lab, Chemistry & Environment Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009-Zaragoza, Spain
Interests: laser spectroscopy; environmental analysis; antarctic chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Chemical Engineering Department, University of La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Spain
Interests: photocatalysis for sustainable environmental applications: air/water decontamination, biofuels production, hydrogen from water splitting
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, with the rapid development of industry and the growth of the population, the problem of pollution has attracted increasing attention. There are many kinds of pollution, including air pollution, water pollution, solid-waste pollution and so on. These pollutants are closely related to people's living environment. Take water pollution as an example, mainly from industrial wastewater (paper, metallurgy, chemical and mining industries, etc.) and urban sewage. At present, there are physical methods, chemical methods and biological methods, including adsorption, precipitation, biofilm and other methods. By using these technologies to reduce or remove pollution from the environment, scientists are also working to develop more efficient methods and technologies to remove pollutants, with the aim of creating a greener and healthier environment.

This Special Issue presents recent work on:

  • Air pollution;
  • Water pollution;
  • Solid waste pollution;
  • New methods and techniques;
  • Green and healthy environment.

Prof. Dr. Abdeltif Amrane
Prof. Dr. Jesús M. Anzano
Prof. Dr. María Emma Borges
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • air pollution
  • water pollution
  • solid waste pollution
  • new methods and techniques
  • green and healthy environment

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 6421 KiB  
Article
Removal of Reactive Yellow 86 from Synthetic Wastewater in Lab-Scale Constructed Wetlands Planted with Cattail and Papyrus
by Akihiro Yamamoto, Hiroki Eguchi and Satoshi Soda
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(15), 6584; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14156584 - 27 Jul 2024
Viewed by 669
Abstract
Synthetic wastewater was treated in lab-scale constructed wetlands (CWs) in sequencing batch mode to evaluate roles of aquatic plants for removing an azo dye: Reactive Yellow 86 (RY86). Under hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 5 days, removal by unplanted CWs was less than [...] Read more.
Synthetic wastewater was treated in lab-scale constructed wetlands (CWs) in sequencing batch mode to evaluate roles of aquatic plants for removing an azo dye: Reactive Yellow 86 (RY86). Under hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 5 days, removal by unplanted CWs was less than 20% for RY86 of 10–50 mg/L. The CWs planted with cattail and papyrus demonstrated RY86 removal of 50–68% and 73–84%, respectively. For wastewater containing 50 mg/L RY86, removal in the unplanted CW was <12%, even under a 15 day HRT, although it was 22–71% in CWs planted with cattail and 34–81% in CWs planted with cattail, with increasing values under HRTs of 1 day to 15 days. Both cattail and papyrus grew well, extending their roots in the CWs for 90 days. RY86-decolorizing microorganisms were detected in CW effluent. Overall, RY86 removal was positively correlated with evapotranspiration in the CWs, indicating the plant uptake as the main removal mechanism. Papyrus and cattail, especially the former, are suitable plants for CWs intended to treat RY86-containing wastewater. Full article
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16 pages, 2237 KiB  
Article
Microalgal Systems, a Green Solution for Wastewater Conventional Pollutants Removal, Disinfection, and Reduction of Antibiotic Resistance Genes Prevalence?
by Helena M. Amaro, Joana F. Sousa, Eva M. Salgado, José C. M. Pires and Olga C. Nunes
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(7), 4266; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13074266 - 28 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2316
Abstract
The low-efficiency rate of urban wastewater (UWW) treatment generates tons of discharged water with a high concentration of pollutants, pathogens and antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs). Microalgal systems may be a green alternative to be implemented as a UWW polishing treatment. This study assessed the [...] Read more.
The low-efficiency rate of urban wastewater (UWW) treatment generates tons of discharged water with a high concentration of pollutants, pathogens and antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs). Microalgal systems may be a green alternative to be implemented as a UWW polishing treatment. This study assessed the ability of Chlorella vulgaris and UWW autochthonous microalgal species (AMS) to simultaneously remove PO4–P, and reduce the proliferation of coliforms and ARGs. AMS seems to be more promising due to: (i) the higher specific growth rate, μmax (0.687 ± 0.065 d−1); (ii) efficient PO4–P removal (92.62 ± 0.10%); (iii) faster reduction of coliforms proliferation achieving concentrations below the limits of quantification (6 d); (iv) the reduction of intl1 and the ARGs sul1 and blaTEM abundance in ca. of 70.4%, 69.2%, and 75.7%, respectively (9 d); and (v) the additional reduction of these genes in ca. of 97.1%, 94.2%, and 99.9%, respectively, after 5 d storage in the dark and at room temperature. Results also revealed that the high pH values in both microalgal systems (due to microalgal growth) were highly correlated with a reduction in the proliferation of coliforms, including Escherichia coli. In conclusion, using AMS as a final polishing treatment of UWW seems to be very promising. Full article
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Review

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49 pages, 17347 KiB  
Review
Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction for Brackish Groundwater Treatment: From Engineering Aspects to Implementation
by Hamza Outaleb, Sanaa Kouzbour, Fabrice Audonnet, Christophe Vial and Bouchaib Gourich
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(19), 8986; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14198986 (registering DOI) - 5 Oct 2024
Abstract
In recent years, nitrate has emerged as a significant groundwater pollutant due to its potential ecotoxicity. In particular, nitrate contamination of brackish groundwater poses a serious threat to both ecosystems and human health and remains difficult to treat. A promising, sustainable, and environmentally [...] Read more.
In recent years, nitrate has emerged as a significant groundwater pollutant due to its potential ecotoxicity. In particular, nitrate contamination of brackish groundwater poses a serious threat to both ecosystems and human health and remains difficult to treat. A promising, sustainable, and environmentally friendly solution when biological treatments are not applicable is the conversion of nitrate to harmless nitrogen (N2) or ammonia (NH3) as a nutrient by electrocatalytic nitrate reduction (eNO3R) using solar photovoltaic energy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current advances in eNO3R for the production of nitrogen and ammonia. The discussion begins with fundamental concepts, including a detailed examination of the mechanisms and pathways involved, supported by Density Functional Theory (DFT) to elucidate specific aspects of ammonium and nitrogen formation during the process. Furthermore, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) offers promising advancements in enhancing the predictive power of DFT, accelerating the discovery and optimization of novel catalysts. In this review, we also explore various electrode preparation methods and emphasize the importance of in situ characterization techniques to investigate surface phenomena during the reaction process. The review highlights numerous examples of copper-based catalysts and analyses their feasibility and effectiveness in ammonia production. It also explores strategies for the conversion of nitrate to N2, focusing on nanoscale zerovalent iron as a selective material and the subsequent oxidation of the produced ammonia. Finally, this review addresses the implementation of the eNO3R process for the treatment of brackish groundwater, discussing various challenges and providing reasonable opinions on how to overcome these obstacles. By synthesizing current research and practical examples, this review highlights the potential of eNO3R as a viable solution to mitigate nitrate pollution and improve water quality. Full article
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21 pages, 991 KiB  
Review
Contamination with Pharmaceuticals in Aquatic Environment: Focus on Analytical Methodologies
by Agneša Szarka, Lucia Vnuková, Zuzana Keršňáková, Nicolette Viktoryová and Svetlana Hrouzková
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(19), 8645; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14198645 - 25 Sep 2024
Abstract
The growing prevalence of pharmaceutical compounds in the environment raises significant concerns due to their potential impacts on ecological and human health. This present manuscript focuses on the methods used to extract and determine these pharmaceuticals in water samples. It provides a comprehensive [...] Read more.
The growing prevalence of pharmaceutical compounds in the environment raises significant concerns due to their potential impacts on ecological and human health. This present manuscript focuses on the methods used to extract and determine these pharmaceuticals in water samples. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the extraction techniques and analytical approaches employed for the identification and quantification of pharmaceuticals in environmental water. Due to their chemical properties and widespread use, pharmaceuticals persist in the environment and contaminate water bodies, soil, and sediments. The presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment has been linked to several adverse effects on aquatic organisms, including the disruption of physiological processes and reproductive impairment. Furthermore, pharmaceuticals in the environment can affect human health through food and drinking water contamination and contribute to antibiotic resistance. The analysis of pharmaceutical contaminants in water samples presents several challenges due to the complex matrix and low concentrations of target substances. Various sample preparation techniques and protocols, including solid-phase extraction (more than 76% of the studied literature) and QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe), coupled with liquid chromatography–tandem-mass spectrometry, are commonly used for their determination. These methods offer high sensitivity, selectivity, and efficiency in identifying and quantifying pharmaceuticals in environmental samples. It is, therefore, essential that ongoing research is conducted in order to develop more efficient analytical methods and mitigation strategies to address pharmaceutical contamination in the environmental water effectively. It is also crucial that increased awareness and regulatory measures are put in place in order to minimize the environmental and human health risks associated with pharmaceutical pollutants. Full article
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14 pages, 4936 KiB  
Review
Thermal and Thermomechanical Analysis of Amorphous Metals: A Compact Review
by Floren Radovanović-Perić, Ivana Panžić, Arijeta Bafti and Vilko Mandić
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(17), 7452; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14177452 - 23 Aug 2024
Viewed by 313
Abstract
Metallic glasses are amorphous metals that are supercooled to a frozen, glassy state and lack long-range order, in contrast to conventional metal structures. The lack of a well-ordered structure largely contributes to the unique properties exhibited by these materials. However, their synthesis and [...] Read more.
Metallic glasses are amorphous metals that are supercooled to a frozen, glassy state and lack long-range order, in contrast to conventional metal structures. The lack of a well-ordered structure largely contributes to the unique properties exhibited by these materials. However, their synthesis and processability are defined and thereby constrained by a plethora of thermal and mechanical parameters. Therefore, their broader utilization in the scientific field and particularly in the related industry is somewhat hindered by the limitations related to preparing them in higher amounts. This may be overcome by changing the approach of metal glass formation to a bottom-up approach by utilizing solid-state plasma techniques, such as spark plasma ablation. Another important aspect of amorphous metals, inherently related to their non-equilibrium metastable nature, is the necessity to understand their thermal transformations, which requires unconventional thermal analysis methods. Therefore, this minute review aims to highlight the most important conceptual parameters behind configuring and performing conventional and advanced thermal analysis techniques. The importance of calorimetry methods (differential and fast scanning calorimetry) for the determination of key thermal properties (critical cooling rate, glass-forming ability, heat capacity, relaxation, and rejuvenation) is underscored. Moreover, the contributions of thermomechanical analysis and in situ temperature-dependent structural analysis are also mentioned. Namely, all of the mentioned temperature-dependent mechanical and structural analyses may give rise to the discovery of new glass systems with low critical cooling rates. Full article
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