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Applied Sciences
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Application and Development of Antennas and Sensors in Biomedical Applications
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Application and Development of Antennas and Sensors in Biomedical Applications

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2025 | Viewed by 1072

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Iman Farhat

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physics, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta
Interests: antenna design and applications; sensors; dielectric spectroscopy; microwave hyperthermia and imaging
Dr. Lourdes Farrugia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physics, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta
Interests: instrumentation and measurement of physical quantities; especially sensor design; applied electromagnetics (in particular, dielectric properties of biological tissue)

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to underscore the latest advancements in the development and application of antennas and sensors in the biomedical field. Subjects that will be addressed  span over a wide range of their medical applications, such as imaging, therapeutic interventions, and health monitoring, leveraging the interaction of electromagnetic waves  with biological tissues. Contributions that highlight experimental research, clinical trials, and computational modeling studies are highly encouraged.

Dr. Iman Farhat
Dr. Lourdes Farrugia
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomedical antennas
  • hyperthermia and ablation
  • biomedical sensors
  • microwave imaging and diagnostics
  • artificial intelligence in biomedical sensing
  • machine learning for health monitoring
  • computational modeling in biomedical applications
  • wearable sensors
  • implantable sensors

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3899 KiB  
Article
Uncooled Insulated Monopole Antenna for Microwave Ablation: Improved Performance with Coaxial Cable Annealing
by Federico Cilia, Lourdes Farrugia, Charles Sammut, Arif Rochman, Julian Bonello, Iman Farhat and Evan Joe Dimech
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(12), 6616; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15126616 - 12 Jun 2025
Viewed by 271
Abstract
There is growing interest in measuring the temperature-dependent dielectric properties of bio-tissues using dual-mode techniques (scattering measurements and thermal treatment). Uncooled coaxial antennas are preferred for their direct contact with the measured medium and reduced complexity; however, they exhibit structural changes during ablation [...] Read more.
There is growing interest in measuring the temperature-dependent dielectric properties of bio-tissues using dual-mode techniques (scattering measurements and thermal treatment). Uncooled coaxial antennas are preferred for their direct contact with the measured medium and reduced complexity; however, they exhibit structural changes during ablation due to the thermal expansion of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). This paper presents an experimental study on PTFE expansion in an uncooled coaxial insulated monopole antenna in response to changes in the tissue’s thermal environment. Furthermore, it presents a methodology to mitigate these effects through coaxial annealing. The investigation consists of two distinct experiments: characterising PTFE expansion and assessing the effects of annealing through microwave ablation. This was achieved by simulating the thermal effects experienced during ablation by immersing the test antenna in heated peanut oil. PTFE expansion was measured through camera monitoring and using a toolmaker’s microscope, revealing two expansion modalities: linear PTFE expansion and non-linear plastic deformation from manufacturing processes. The return loss during ablation and consequential changes in the ablated lesion were also assessed. Antenna pre-annealing increased resilience against structural changes in the antenna, improving lesion ellipticity. Therefore, this study establishes a fabrication method for achieving an uncooled thermally stable antenna, leading to an optimised dual-mode ablation procedure, enabling quasi-real-time permittivity measurement of the surrounding tissue. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application and Development of Antennas and Sensors in Biomedical Applications)
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Review

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38 pages, 2149 KiB  
Review
Implantable Medical Electronic Devices: Sensing Mechanisms, Communication Methods, and the Biodegradable Future
by Zhengdao Chu, Yukai Zhou, Saite Li, Qiaosheng Xu and Lijia Pan
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(13), 7599; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137599 - 7 Jul 2025
Viewed by 462
Abstract
In the context of the relentless pursuit of precision, intelligence, and personalization within the realm of medical technology, the real-time monitoring of human physiological signals has assumed heightened significance. Implantable wireless sensor devices have exhibited extraordinary capabilities in tracking internal physiological parameters, including [...] Read more.
In the context of the relentless pursuit of precision, intelligence, and personalization within the realm of medical technology, the real-time monitoring of human physiological signals has assumed heightened significance. Implantable wireless sensor devices have exhibited extraordinary capabilities in tracking internal physiological parameters, including intraocular pressure, blood glucose levels, electrocardiographic activity, and arterial blood pressure. These devices are characterized by elevated temporal continuity and exceptional measurement accuracy. This paper undertakes an in-depth investigation into the key technologies underlying biodegradable implantable sensing devices. Initially, it expounds on diverse sensing mechanisms employed in implantable devices. Additionally, it presents common data transmission and power supply strategies for wireless sensing systems. Finally, it introduces biodegradable materials suitable for human implantation and their respective application domains and enumerates several implantable devices that are either under development or have already been commercialized. Through an in-depth and comprehensive discourse on the current state of development and extant challenges in this domain, the development trajectory of biodegradable devices is put forward. Moreover, this paper also serves as a valuable reference for the design and selection of implantable medical devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application and Development of Antennas and Sensors in Biomedical Applications)
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