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Antioxidants
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Oxidative Stress Induced by Air Pollution, 2nd Edition
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Oxidative Stress Induced by Air Pollution, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2025 | Viewed by 7406

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Yasuhiro Yoshida

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Immunology and Parasitology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
Interests: IL-1 signaling; NF-κB; particulate matter; neutrophil
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the recent decades, rapid industrialization and urbanization have significantly increased the levels of air pollution, presenting a multifaceted challenge to global public health. One of the critical consequences of exposure to various air pollutants is the induction of oxidative stress, a complex imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body's ability to detoxify or repair the resulting damage. This phenomenon has emerged as a pivotal link between air pollution and a myriad of adverse health outcomes, ranging from respiratory diseases to cardiovascular disorders and beyond.

Building upon the fruitful first edition, this second edition will further unravel the complex interplay between air pollution and oxidative stress. By assembling a collection of cutting-edge studies, this Special Issue seeks to deepen our understanding of the intricate pathways through which air pollutants contribute to oxidative stress and, consequently, influence the development and progression of various diseases.

Dr. Yasuhiro Yoshida
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • particulate matter
  • air pollution
  • oxidative stress
  • reactive oxygen species
  • inflammation

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 4339 KiB  
Article
A Combined Extract from Dioscorea bulbifera and Zingiber officinale Mitigates PM2.5-Induced Respiratory Damage by NF-κB/TGF-β1 Pathway
by In Young Kim, Hyo Lim Lee, Hye Ji Choi, Yeong Hyeon Ju, Yu Mi Heo, Hwa Rang Na, Dong Yeol Lee, Won Min Jeong and Ho Jin Heo
Antioxidants 2024, 13(12), 1572; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13121572 - 20 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1296
Abstract
This research evaluated the protective role of a combined extract of Dioscorea bulbifera and Zingiber officinale (DBZO) against respiratory dysfunction caused by particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure in BALB/c mice. The bioactive compounds identified in the DBZO are catechin, astragalin, 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, [...] Read more.
This research evaluated the protective role of a combined extract of Dioscorea bulbifera and Zingiber officinale (DBZO) against respiratory dysfunction caused by particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure in BALB/c mice. The bioactive compounds identified in the DBZO are catechin, astragalin, 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, and 6-shogaol. DBZO ameliorated cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in PM2.5-stimulated A549 and RPMI 2650 cells. In addition, it significantly alleviated respiratory dysfunction in BALB/c mice exposed to PM2.5. DBZO improved the antioxidant systems in lung tissues by modulating malondialdehyde (MDA) content, as well as levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Likewise, DBZO restored mitochondrial dysfunction by improving ROS levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, and ATP production. Moreover, DBZO modulated the levels of neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes (specifically CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+IL-4+ T cells) in blood and IgE levels in serum. DBZO was shown to regulate the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad) pathway. Histopathological observation indicated that DBZO mitigates the increase in alveolar septal thickness. These findings indicate that DBZO is a promising natural agent for improving respiratory health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress Induced by Air Pollution, 2nd Edition)
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14 pages, 1240 KiB  
Article
Association Between Oxidative Potential of Particulate Matter Collected by Personal Samplers and Systemic Inflammation Among Asthmatic and Non-Asthmatic Adults
by Miguel Santibáñez, Juan José Ruiz-Cubillán, Andrea Expósito, Juan Agüero, Juan Luis García-Rivero, Beatriz Abascal, Carlos Antonio Amado, Laura Ruiz-Azcona, Marcos Lopez-Hoyos, Juan Irure, Yolanda Robles, Ana Berja, Esther Barreiro, Adriana Núñez-Robainas, José Manuel Cifrián and Ignacio Fernandez-Olmo
Antioxidants 2024, 13(12), 1464; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13121464 - 28 Nov 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1348
Abstract
With the rationale that the oxidative potential of particulate matter (PM-OP) may induce oxidative stress and inflammation, we conducted the ASTHMA-FENOP study in which 44 asthmatic patients and 37 matched controls wore a personal sampler for 24 h, allowing the collection of fine [...] Read more.
With the rationale that the oxidative potential of particulate matter (PM-OP) may induce oxidative stress and inflammation, we conducted the ASTHMA-FENOP study in which 44 asthmatic patients and 37 matched controls wore a personal sampler for 24 h, allowing the collection of fine and coarse PM fractions separately, to determine PM-OP by the dithiothreitol (DTT) and ascorbic acid (AA) methods. The levels of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and the IL-6/IL-10 ratio, as indicators of pro- and anti-inflammatory statuses, were determined by calculating the mean differences (MDs), odds ratios (ORs) and p-trends adjusted for sex, age, study level and body mass index. Positive associations for IL-6 levels in the form of adjusted MDs and ORs were obtained for all PM-OP metrics, reaching statistical significance for both OP-DTT and OP-AA in the fine fraction, with adjusted OR = 5.66; 95%CI (1.46 to 21.92) and 3.32; 95%CI (1.07 to 10.35), respectively, along with statistically significant dose–response patterns when restricting to asthma and adjusted also for clinical variables (adjusted p-trend = 0.029 and 0.01). Similar or stronger associations and dose–response patterns were found for the IL-6/IL-10 ratio. In conclusion, our findings on the effect of PM-OP on systemic inflammation support that asthma is a heterogeneous disease at the molecular level, with PM-OP potentially playing an important role. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress Induced by Air Pollution, 2nd Edition)
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17 pages, 7392 KiB  
Article
Photobiomodulation Mitigates PM2.5-Exacerbated Pathologies in a Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma
by Jisu Park, Bo-Young Kim, Eun Jung Park, Yong-Il Shin and Ji Hyeon Ryu
Antioxidants 2024, 13(8), 1003; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13081003 - 19 Aug 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2309
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter (PM), especially PM2.5, is known to exacerbate asthma, posing a significant public health risk. This study investigated the asthma-reducing effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) in a mice model mimicking allergic airway inflammation exacerbated by PM2.5 exposure. The [...] Read more.
Exposure to particulate matter (PM), especially PM2.5, is known to exacerbate asthma, posing a significant public health risk. This study investigated the asthma-reducing effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) in a mice model mimicking allergic airway inflammation exacerbated by PM2.5 exposure. The mice received sensitization with ovalbumin (OVA) and were subsequently treated with PM2.5 at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg every 3 days, for 9 times over 3 weeks during the challenge. PBM, using a 610 nm wavelength LED, was applied at 1.7 mW/cm2 to the respiratory tract via direct skin contact for 20 min daily for 19 days. Results showed that PBM significantly reduced airway hyperresponsiveness, plasma immunoglobulin E (IgE) and OVA-specific IgE, airway inflammation, T-helper type 2 cytokine, histamine and tryptase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and goblet cell hyperplasia in PM2.5-exposed asthmatic mice. Moreover, PBM alleviated subepithelial fibrosis by reducing collagen deposition, airway smooth muscle mass, and expression of fibrosis-related genes. It mitigated reactive oxygen species generation, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptotic cell death, ferroptosis, and modulated autophagic signals in the asthmatic mice exposed to PM2.5. These findings suggest that PBM could be a promising intervention for PM2.5-induced respiratory complications in patients with allergic asthma. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress Induced by Air Pollution, 2nd Edition)
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Review

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39 pages, 1431 KiB  
Review
The Dark Triad of Particulate Matter, Oxidative Stress and Coronary Artery Disease: What About the Antioxidant Therapeutic Potential
by Daniele Grifoni, Elisa Bustaffa, Laura Sabatino, Francesca Calastrini, Fabrizio Minichilli, Melania Gaggini, Sergio Berti and Cristina Vassalle
Antioxidants 2025, 14(5), 572; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14050572 - 9 May 2025
Viewed by 363
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is a complex mixture of particles with different adverse effects on health, especially on the cardiovascular (CV) risk and disease (e.g., increased risk of total and CV mortality, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, stroke, hypertension, dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes). [...] Read more.
Particulate matter (PM) is a complex mixture of particles with different adverse effects on health, especially on the cardiovascular (CV) risk and disease (e.g., increased risk of total and CV mortality, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, stroke, hypertension, dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes). Since oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation are the main key mechanisms by which PM exerted its biological effects on health, several oxidative and inflammatory-related biomarkers have been measured and associated with PM; abnormalities in these parameters in relation to PM highlight the key role of this relationship in terms of adverse health effects, including CV conditions. Antioxidant strategies might prevent/reverse, almost partly, CV effects related to PM exposure, by addressing OS and inflammation, although the clinical gain of these interventional tools is not yet clearly demonstrated. This review aims to summarize PM source and composition, discussing OS and inflammatory events associated with environmental PM exposure as key mechanistic determinants of CV risk and acute event precipitation. Moreover, the modifying potential of antioxidants, especially in subjects more susceptible to the adverse effects of air pollution and/or more highly exposed, will be discussed as a promising research area beyond conventional strategies actually available to prevent the harmful effects of PM (e.g., reduction of pollution sources and population exposure, assessment of air quality standards) in order to better face this dark triad composed of PM, OS and CV disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress Induced by Air Pollution, 2nd Edition)
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15 pages, 782 KiB  
Review
Deciphering the Liaison Between Fine Particulate Matter Pollution, Oxidative Stress, and Prostate Cancer: Where Are We Now?
by Chiang-Wen Lee, Yao-Chang Chiang, Thi Thuy Tien Vo, Zih-Chan Lin, Miao-Ching Chi, Mei-Ling Fang, Kuo-Ti Peng, Ming-Horng Tsai and I-Ta Lee
Antioxidants 2024, 13(12), 1505; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13121505 - 10 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1074
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa), a highly prevalent cancer in men worldwide, is projected to rise in the coming years. As emerging data indicate the carcinogenic effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in lung cancer and other site-specific cancers, there is an urgent need to [...] Read more.
Prostate cancer (PCa), a highly prevalent cancer in men worldwide, is projected to rise in the coming years. As emerging data indicate the carcinogenic effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in lung cancer and other site-specific cancers, there is an urgent need to evaluate the relationship between this environmental risk factor and PCa as a potential target for intervention. The present review provides up-to-date evidence about the impact of airborne PM2.5 pollution on the initiation and progression of PCa. Examining the composition and characteristics of PM2.5 reveals its ability to induce toxic effects, inflammatory injuries, and oxidative damages. Additionally, PM2.5 can attach to endocrine-disrupting chemicals implicated in prostatic carcinogenesis. Considering the potential significance of oxidative stress in the risk of the disease, our review underlines the protective strategies, such as antioxidant-based approaches, for individuals exposed to increased PM2.5 levels. Moreover, the findings call for further research to understand the associations and mechanisms linking PM2.5 exposure to PCa risk as well as to suggest appropriate measures by policymakers, scientific researchers, and healthcare professionals in order to address this global health issue. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress Induced by Air Pollution, 2nd Edition)
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