Cellular ROS and Antioxidants: Physiological and Pathological Role—2nd Edition

Dear Colleagues,

In the past, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were considered mainly as side products of cellular metabolism that could induce oxidative damage to biomolecules, leading to cellular dysfunction and death. However, studies during the last 30 years have provided strong evidence that ROS play an important role in intracellular signaling and regulate a number of important cellular functions, such as bactericidal activity, metabolic reactions, inflammatory processes, and gene expression. Currently, it is commonly accepted that mitochondrial ROS play a predominant role in orchestrating ROS generated from other sources and regulating the ROS-dependent intracellular metabolism. It should be noted that numerous gas molecules, in addition to oxygen, can participate in these reactions. Moreover, not only are these gasses able to enter the cellular reaction space from the external environment, i.e., from the atmosphere via inhaled air, they can also be produced within the cells or mitochondria during the processes of the "internal combustion" metabolism. These gas-phase intermediates naturally interact with one another through complex and largely unexplored reactions. Consequently, it is appropriate to adopt an approach that considers biologically significant radical reactions as encompassing all biologically relevant gasses. For this Special Issue, we invite submissions that include a balanced consideration of the beneficial and deleterious impacts of ROS, the identification of conditions (ROS types, sources, or threshold concentrations) that differ between the beneficial and deleterious actions of ROS, and considerations of the advantages and disadvantages of antioxidant therapy, with the aim of reducing the severity of disease and facilitating patients’ recovery. A comparison of targeted versus untargeted antioxidants and other mechanistic backgrounds, such as interactions with gas-phase intermediates, will help us to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying ROS-mediated signaling pathways and different cell death mechanisms. For this Special Issue, we invite the submission of original research and review articles.

Prof. Dr. Andrey V. Kozlov
Prof. Dr. Mihály Boros
Dr. Salvatore Nesci
Guest Editors

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• reactive oxygen and nitrogen species
• intracellular signaling
• oxidative stress
• iron metabolism
• mitochondrial dysfunction
• hypoxia
• inflammation
• targeted and untargeted antioxidants
• gas messengers natural and artificial sources of reactive oxygen species
• antioxidant defense systems
• small signaling molecules
• oxidative stress-driven processes