Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways of Crop Tolerance Under Stressful Conditions

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant-Crop Biology and Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 January 2026) | Viewed by 2914

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
Interests: ion transporter; molecular genetics; plant salt tolerance; osmotic tolerance; ion homeostasis; membrane traffic
Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
Interests: leaf senescence; molecular evolution; plant genomics; crop big data mining and utilization
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

External and internal stressful conditions pose a significant challenge to agricultural productivity. External stressors are usually categorized into abiotic and biotic factors, including salinity, drought, waterlogging, extreme temperatures, nutrient deficiencies, pathogens, pests, and weeds. However, some threats originate from plants themselves, such as seed dormancy, photoperiodic response, and aging. Stress tolerance in crops involves a complex interplay of physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses that enable plants to sense signals and responses. Understanding the mechanisms and signaling pathways that confer this tolerance is crucial for developing resilient crop varieties that can maintain yield under adverse conditions.

This Special Issue will focus on the mechanisms and signaling pathways of stress tolerance in crops. We welcome original research and review articles on environmental abiotic stress, nutrient deficiencies, pathogens, pests, weeds, seed dormancy, photoperiodic response, and aging, among other topics.

Dr. Qi Jia
Dr. Kai Fan
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • stressful conditions
  • stress responses
  • tolerance
  • molecular mechanism
  • signaling pathway

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 6801 KB  
Article
LSES1, Encoding a Member of the Casein Kinase 1 Family, Is Involved in the Regulation of Leaf Senescence in Rice
by Fangyu Chen, Qishen Zhang, Xinyu Wei, Zhiming Chen, Ming Xu, Mancheng Zhuang, Tinggu Huang, Rongyu Huang, Yuchun Guo, Kangjing Liang and Qi Jia
Agronomy 2025, 15(11), 2601; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15112601 - 12 Nov 2025
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Abstract
The normal metabolism of transient starch in leaves plays a vital role in determining photosynthesis and final crop yield. However, the molecular mechanisms linking abnormal transient starch metabolism to premature leaf senescence remain unclear. Here, we isolate a rice mutant, lses1, with [...] Read more.
The normal metabolism of transient starch in leaves plays a vital role in determining photosynthesis and final crop yield. However, the molecular mechanisms linking abnormal transient starch metabolism to premature leaf senescence remain unclear. Here, we isolate a rice mutant, lses1, with leaf yellowing and premature senescence, as well as excessive accumulation of starch granules in chloroplasts. Genetic analysis revealed that this trait is controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene. Through BSA-seq preliminary gene mapping, map-based cloning, and sequencing alignment, the candidate gene was pinpointed to LOC_Os02g40860 on chromosome 2, which encodes OsCKI1, a casein kinase I family member. The identity of LSES1 was confirmed functionally: genetic complementation with the native genomic sequence rescued the wild-type phenotype, while CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of the gene in wild-type plants recapitulated the premature senescence. This confirmed that LSES1/OsCKI1 is involved in the regulation of leaf senescence. Notably, one improved knockout line, KO-2, displayed significant agronomic improvements in grain length, grain width, number of productive ears, and number of filled grains per panicle, along with a significant increase in grain yield per plant, highlighting its potential breeding value. Subcellular localization and tissue-specific expression analysis showed that LSES1 is primarily nuclear-localized and constitutively expressed. Full article
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Review

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25 pages, 2184 KB  
Review
Homogalacturonan Methylesterification and Cell Wall Regulation: Integrating Biochemistry, Mechanics, and Developmental Signaling for Crop Improvement
by Duoduo Wang, Isabel B. Ortega-Salazar and Barbara Blanco-Ulate
Agronomy 2025, 15(11), 2641; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15112641 - 18 Nov 2025
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Abstract
Homogalacturonan (HG) methylesterification is a key determinant of plant cell wall (CW) structure and function, shaping growth, morphogenesis, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. This review highlights recent advances in the regulation of homogalacturonan (HG) methylesterification, focusing on the coordinated roles of [...] Read more.
Homogalacturonan (HG) methylesterification is a key determinant of plant cell wall (CW) structure and function, shaping growth, morphogenesis, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. This review highlights recent advances in the regulation of homogalacturonan (HG) methylesterification, focusing on the coordinated roles of pectin methylesterases (PMEs), pectin methylesterase inhibitors (PMEIs), transcription factors (TFs), and hormonal signals. We examine how these regulators interact within the CW microenvironment to modulate elasticity, porosity, and remodeling dynamics. Insights from immunolocalization and biomechanical studies reveal the spatiotemporal patterning of HG de-esterification and its integration with developmental and stress-adaptive signaling. Beyond basic biology, HG methylesterification dynamics directly influence traits such as fruit firmness, pathogen resistance, and stress tolerance, positioning HG methylesterification-related genes as promising targets for molecular breeding and biotechnological interventions. By integrating mechanistic understanding with genomic and phenotypic selection approaches, breeders can precisely tailor CW properties to enhance crop resilience and quality. A comprehensive view of HG methylesterification—from enzymatic control to mechanical feedback—offers a conceptual and practical framework for guiding crop improvement and sustainable agricultural practices. Full article
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