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Conventional semen analysis frequently fails to identify the underlying pathophysiology of male infertility, which is a complicated clinical disease, especially in cases of idiopathic infertility. A growing body of research indicates that inflammatio...

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the intrasession repeatability of the HBM-1 (Huvitz) optical biometer and to assess its agreement with the IOLMaster 700 (Zeiss) for the main biometric parameters used in intraocular lens (IOL) power calculatio...

Objective: This study aimed to investigate maternal serum fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) levels in pregnancies complicated by intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and to evaluate its diagnostic and prognostic utility for maternal and neo...

Background: High false-positive rates remain a significant challenge in the automated detection of pulmonary embolism (PE) using Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA). This study evaluated the additional value of a False-Positive Reduction...

Background: Liquid biopsy, particularly through the analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), represents a significant advancement in oncology. Unlike traditional tissue biopsies, ctDNA offers a minimally invasive, real-time approach to cancer manag...

Interventional endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has become a cornerstone in the management of malignant pancreatobiliary diseases, offering minimally invasive alternatives to traditional surgical approaches. More recently, accumulating evidence supports i...

Background: Radiolabeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPIs) have emerged as novel radiopharmaceutical agents for tumor diagnosis. Compared with [¹⁸F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([¹⁸F]FDG), which reflects glucose uptake in metabolically act...

Background: Although the incidence of H. pylori infection is decreasing globally, it is not completely negligible. Because H. pylori infection is associated with various pathologies, ranging from peptic ulcer disease to neoplastic lesions, research i...

The authors wish to correct the authorship of the original publication [...]

Clinical diagnostic laboratories continue to face growing pressure from rising test volumes, increasingly complex testing menus, significant workforce shortages, and expectations for faster turnaround times at sustainable cost. Total laboratory autom...

Background/Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of Breast-SlimView^®, a deep convolutional neural network for the automatic classification of BI-RADS and breast density in MLO (mediolateral oblique) and CC (crani...

Background/Objective: Preoperative prediction of third molar eruption with artificial intelligence (AI) has been a challenge in dentistry and oral surgery. Methods: In this investigation, we used machine learning (ML) algorithms to characterize M3 pa...

Background: The prognostic value of preoperative hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery remains uncertain. This study investigated the association between preoperative HbA1c levels and the risk of postoperative low cardiac outp...

Background: Pistachio allergy is an increasingly recognized form of tree nut allergy and is strongly associated with cashew allergy due to pronounced molecular cross-reactivity. Despite its relatively low prevalence in the general population, pistach...

Background/Objectives: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity commonly managed with conservative strategies, including bracing and physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises (PSSEs). The Canali Postural Meth...

Objectives: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is considered the most aggressive primary brain tumor, which often exhibits tumor heterogeneity. Hypoxia is a key aspect of intratumoral heterogeneity that contributes to poor prognosis in GBM. In this study,...

Background: Autologous fat grafting is increasingly used in irradiated postmastectomy tissues, but objective imaging-based data describing structural remodeling remain limited. Objective: This pilot study aimed to evaluate ultrasound detectable struc...

Atypical femoral fractures (AFFs) are rare but increasingly recognised complications associated with prolonged bisphosphonate therapy. We present the imaging findings of a 64-year-old postmenopausal woman who developed bilateral femoral shaft stress...

Background: Mycetoma is a chronic infectious disease caused by bacteria or fungi which typically affects the skin, deep tissues, and bones. This case involves bone mycetoma in an immunocompetent patient, marking the first known instance of actinomyce...

Background: Accurate femoral localization is a critical factor influencing graft length-change behavior in medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR). However, the commonly used Schöttle point is derived from static radiographs and do...

Background/Objectives: In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁) explains only part of the variability in symptoms and prognosis, while anxiety and depression are common but rarely quantified in co...

Automated segmentation of brain tumors from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images is helpful for clinical diagnosis, surgical planning, and post-treatment monitoring. In recent years, the U-Net architecture has been observed as one of the most popu...

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support is associated with potentially life-threatening complications, among which nosocomial infections play a significant role. The increasing incidence of fungi as causative agents of ECMO-ass...

A 78-year-old woman with a history of rheumatoid arthritis (treated with methotrexate) developed disturbed consciousness, emesis, and intestinal perforation. Initial labs revealed hyperammonemia (189 μg/dL) and hypertonic dehydration. Despite ammo...

Background/Objectives: Dental diseases represent a great problem for oral health care, and early diagnosis is essential to reduce the risk of complications. Panoramic radiographs provide a detailed perspective of dental structures that is suitable fo...

Background/Objectives: One of the topics of electrocardiographic risk factor studies is investigations of beat-to-beat QT interval variability. The seminal study that reported QT variability as a prognostic risk factor introduced the so-called QT var...

Background/Objectives: Intraoral scanners (IOSs) are essential tools in digital dentistry; however, their accuracy remains influenced by clinical conditions such as restricted access, patient movement, or intraoral moisture. Intraoral scanning is per...

Background/Objectives: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) accounting for the majority of cases, primarily Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) and Adenocarcinoma (ADC). The aim o...

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Speech analysis has emerged as a non-invasive tool for automatic PD detection; however, the scarcity and homogeneity of available da...

Background: Preterm birth remains a major cause of perinatal morbidity and long-term developmental complications. Existing prediction methods often lack individualized assessment and have limited capability to integrate multi-source maternal–fe...

Background/Objectives: To investigate the rate of exudative progression over time in patients with non-exudative macular neovascularization (NE-MNV) associated with various acquired macular degenerations presenting with a double-layer sign (DLS) or t...

Background/Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate temporomandibular joint (TMJ) morphology in individuals with impacted maxillary and mandibular canine teeth using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to compare the findings with those of a con...

Background/Objectives: Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on breast magnetic resonance imaging reflects hormonal and vascular activity of fibroglandular tissue and is studied as a prognostic marker for breast cancer. This paper serves as a revi...

Background/Objectives: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype associated with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Inflammatory and hematological biomarkers have emerged as potential tools for disease characterizatio...

Infants may place various objects in their mouths during the developmental process, which can sometimes involve life-threatening risks, such as choking. We describe the case of a 1-year 3-month-old female with a foreign body in the oral cavity. She w...

Background/Objectives: Hydrocephalus is a complex neurological disorder marked by abnormal cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and ventricular enlargement. Despite breakthroughs in neuroimaging, diagnosis and longitudinal the application of imaging markers...

Background: Manual review of EEG recordings in clinical settings is inherently time-consuming and labor-intensive. These challenges highlight a pressing need for automated EEG analysis tools capable of supporting clinicians by improving efficiency an...

Background/Objectives: Adequate bowel preparation (BP) is crucial for effective colorectal cancer (CRC) surveillance in ulcerative colitis (UC). While active inflammation is known to negatively impact cleansing, data regarding predictors of BP qualit...

Background/Objectives: Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is associated with a high mortality. This study aimed to explore the association of arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂) in relation to survival outcomes in mechanically ventilated...

Background: Cardiotoxicity is a major limitation of chemotherapy and radiotherapy for thoracic and systemic cancers, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality among survivors. Early prediction and prevention are critical to balance oncolo...

Background/Objectives: Mental health screening in athletes is an essential process to support well-being and sustainable performance. The Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire (APSQ) represents the ten-item triage step of the Sport Mental Health...

Background/Objectives: Bone age assessment is critical in pediatric endocrinology and forensic medicine. Although recently developed multimodal large language models (LLMs) show potential in medical imaging, their diagnostic performance in bone age d...

Background/Objectives: Thymomas are the most common tumors of the anterior mediastinum. While early-stage disease often has a favorable prognosis, therapeutic options in advanced stages remain limited. Moreover, the molecular profile of thymomas is s...

Background/Objectives: Fetal health is essential in prenatal care, influencing both maternal and fetal outcomes. Cardiotocography (CTG) monitors uterine contractions and fetal heart rate, yet manual interpretation exhibits significant inter-examiner...

Background/Objectives: Abdominal obesity, especially visceral adipose tissue (VAT), is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease. This study aimed to investigate the association between single-slice CT-measured VAT and significant corona...

Background/Objectives: The variable accuracy of middle ear disease diagnosis based on oto-endoscopy underscores the need for improved decision support. Although convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are currently a mainstay of computer-aided diagnosis...

Background/Objectives: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a global healthcare issue associated with high mortality rates. Rapid diagnosis is of importance for the early selection of targeted therapy to improve patient outcomes. The use of rapid molecu...

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the validity, reliability, and diagnostic accuracy of the Low Sit–High Step (LS–HS) Test as an original, cost-effective, and clinically practical tool for assessing lower-extremity muscle strength...

In contemporary practice, dental implants are widely recognized as a reliable and effective solution for rehabilitating edentulous patients. Nevertheless, implant placement in the atrophied maxilla presents considerable challenges, with treatment pla...

Placental abruption (PA) without vaginal bleeding is known to be associated with severe outcomes when compared to symptomatic cases; the presence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) is an additional negative prognostic factor. According to g...