Advances in Large Language Models for Biological and Medical Applications

Dear Colleagues,

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized numerous fields, with the biological and medical applications standing out as particularly transformative. LLMs, empowered by their ability to process and generate human-like text, offer unprecedented opportunities for enhancing patient care, accelerating biomedical research, and improving healthcare management. The integration of LLMs into these domains not only augments the capabilities of healthcare professionals but also democratizes access to advanced medical knowledge, enabling more informed and timely interventions. This Special Issue, "Advances in Large Language Models for Biological and Medical Applications", highlights cutting-edge research that bridges the gap between artificial intelligence and healthcare, underscoring the critical importance of developing reliable, interpretable, and ethically sound AI-driven solutions to address the complex challenges in modern medicine and biology.

The Special Issue seeks to showcase cutting-edge research that leverages LLMs to revolutionize the biological and medical fields. This Issue underscores the critical importance of transparency and factual accuracy in generative AI approaches, ensuring that LLM-driven solutions are reliable and trustworthy for clinical and biomedical applications. Research exploring the application of LLMs in under-represented languages and efforts to bridge health disparities is highly encouraged. By fostering comprehensive and inclusive dialogue, this Special Issue aims to advance the integration of LLMs in biological and medical research, ultimately contributing to improved healthcare outcomes globally. We encourage researchers from diverse backgrounds and disciplines to submit their innovative work, driving forward the frontiers of AI-assisted biomedical and clinical applications.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

• Infrastructure and Pre-trained Language Models for Biomedical NLP;
• Processing and Annotation Platforms;
• Synthetic Data Generation and Data Augmentation;
• Translating NLP Research into Clinical Practice;
• Applications and Methods for Low-Resource Languages;
• Medical or Clinical Knowledge Graphs;
• Achieving Reproducible Results;
• Clinical Decision Support Systems;
• Medical Information Retrieval and Mining;
• Electronic Health Records (EHR) Analysis;
• Privacy and Security in Biomedical LLM Applications;
• Multimodal Large Language Models in Healthcare;
• Explainability and Interpretability of Biomedical LLMs;
• Ethical Considerations in Medical LLM Deployment;
• Predictive Analytics in Healthcare Using LLMs;
• Personalized Medicine and Large Language Models;
• Integration of LLMs with Existing Healthcare Systems;
• Natural Language Understanding for Biomedical Literature;
• Real-time Data Processing and LLMs in Emergency Medicine;
• Text Simplification;
• Question Answering;
• System Testing and Evaluation Strategies.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Irene Li
Dr. Ruihai Dong
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Big Data and Cognitive Computing is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

• LLMs
• NLP
• bioinformatics
• EHRs
• medical text processing