Open AccessArticle
Gafchromic™ EBT3 Film Measurements of Dose Enhancement Effects by Metallic Nanoparticles for 192Ir Brachytherapy, Proton, Photon and Electron Radiotherapy
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Noor Nabilah Talik Sisin, Raizulnasuha Ab Rashid, Reduan Abdullah, Khairunisak Abdul Razak, Moshi Geso, Hiroaki Akasaka, Ryohei Sasaki, Takahiro Tominaga, Hayato Miura, Masashi Nishi and Wan Nordiana Rahman
Radiation 2022, 2(1), 130-148; https://doi.org/10.3390/radiation2010010 (registering DOI) - 2 Mar 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3427
Abstract
Interest in combining metallic nanoparticles, such as iron (SPIONs), gold (AuNPs) and bismuth oxide (BiONPs), with radiotherapy has increased due to the promising therapeutic advantages. While the underlying physical mechanisms of NP-enhanced radiotherapy have been extensively explored, only a few research works were
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Interest in combining metallic nanoparticles, such as iron (SPIONs), gold (AuNPs) and bismuth oxide (BiONPs), with radiotherapy has increased due to the promising therapeutic advantages. While the underlying physical mechanisms of NP-enhanced radiotherapy have been extensively explored, only a few research works were motivated to quantify its contribution in an experimental dosimetry setting. This work aims to explore the feasibility of radiochromic films to measure the physical dose enhancement (DE) caused by the release of secondary electrons and photons during NP–radiotherapy interactions. A 10 mM each of SPIONs, AuNPs or BiONPs was loaded into zipper bags packed with GAFCHROMIC™ EBT3 films. The samples were exposed to a single radiation dose of 4.0 Gy with clinically relevant beams. Scanning was conducted using a flatbed scanner in red-component analysis for optimum sensitivity. Experimental dose enhancement factors (DEF
Experimental) were then calculated using the ratio of absorbed doses (with/without NPs) converted from the films’ calibration curves. DEF
Experimental for all NPs showed no significant physical DE beyond the uncertainty limits (
p > 0.05). These results suggest that SPIONs, AuNPs and BiONPs might potentially enhance the dose in these clinical beams. However, changes in NPs concentration, as well as dosimeter sensitivity, are important to produce observable impact.
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