COVID-19 Diagnostic Strategies. Part I: Nucleic Acid-Based Technologies
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Biologically Inspired Sensors and Actuators Laboratory (BioSA), York University, Toronto, ON M3J1P3, Canada
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Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J1P3, Canada
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Lassonde School of Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J1P3, Canada
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Rossana Madrid
Bioengineering 2021, 8(4), 49; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering8040049
Received: 9 March 2021
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Revised: 14 April 2021
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Accepted: 15 April 2021
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Published: 17 April 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue COVID-19 Diagnostic Strategies: Lessons for Current and Future Pandemic Threats)
The novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused respiratory infection, resulting in more than two million deaths globally and hospitalizing thousands of people by March 2021. A considerable percentage of the SARS-CoV-2 positive patients are asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic carriers, facilitating the viral spread in the community by their social activities. Hence, it is critical to have access to commercialized diagnostic tests to detect the infection in the earliest stages, monitor the disease, and follow up the patients. Various technologies have been proposed to develop more promising assays and move toward the mass production of fast, reliable, cost-effective, and portable PoC diagnostic tests for COVID-19 detection. Not only COVID-19 but also many other pathogens will be able to spread and attach to human bodies in the future. These technologies enable the fast identification of high-risk individuals during future hazards to support the public in such outbreaks. This paper provides a comprehensive review of current technologies, the progress in the development of molecular diagnostic tests, and the potential strategies to facilitate innovative developments in unprecedented pandemics.
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Keywords:
COVID-19 diagnostics; NA-based tests; SARS-CoV-2; point-of-care (PoC) detection; polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequencing; microarray; CRISPR/Cas system; microfluidic-based biosensors
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MDPI and ACS Style
Shaffaf, T.; Ghafar-Zadeh, E. COVID-19 Diagnostic Strategies. Part I: Nucleic Acid-Based Technologies. Bioengineering 2021, 8, 49. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering8040049
AMA Style
Shaffaf T, Ghafar-Zadeh E. COVID-19 Diagnostic Strategies. Part I: Nucleic Acid-Based Technologies. Bioengineering. 2021; 8(4):49. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering8040049
Chicago/Turabian StyleShaffaf, Tina, and Ebrahim Ghafar-Zadeh. 2021. "COVID-19 Diagnostic Strategies. Part I: Nucleic Acid-Based Technologies" Bioengineering 8, no. 4: 49. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering8040049
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