- Feature Paper
- Article
Evaluating Transition Rules for Enhancing Fairness in Bonus–Malus Systems: An Application to the Saudi Arabian Auto Insurance Market
- Asrar Alyafie,
- Corina Constantinescu and
- Jorge Yslas
A Bonus–Malus System (BMS) is a ratemaking mechanism used in insurance to adjust premiums based on a policyholder’s claim history, with the goal of segmenting risk profiles more accurately. A BMS typically comprises three key components:...

