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Universe, Volume 4, Issue 8

August 2018 - 9 articles

Cover Story: The detection of gravitational waves (GWs) by LIGO/Virgo collaboration provides a new probe into the nature of gravity. In General Relativity, GWs have two polarizations. In a generic metric theory of gravity, there are up to six polarizations. Therefore, the measurement of the polarizations is the best way to probe the nature of gravity. We analyzed the polarizations of the Horndeski theory and f(R) gravity. We found out that, besides the plus and cross polarizations, the massless Horndeski theory predicts the breathing polarization, and the longitudinal polarization always accompanies the breathing one as a mixed single state in the massive Horndeski theory and f(R) gravity. The extra polarizations may be detected by pulsar timing arrays. It is also shown that the classification of polarizations using Newman-Penrose variables cannot be applied to massive modes or the local Lorentz violating theories. View this paper
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Articles (9)

  • Conference Report
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,056 Views
8 Pages

10 August 2018

In this article, I mainly discuss the dynamics of the pre-inflationary Universe for the potential V ( ϕ ) ∝ ϕ n with n = 5 / 3 in the context of loop quantum cosmology, in which the big bang singularity is resolved by a non-s...

  • Conference Report
  • Open Access
26 Citations
3,493 Views
18 Pages

10 August 2018

The huge amounts of undetected and exotic dark matter and dark energy needed to make general relativity work on large scales argue that we should investigate modifications of gravity. The only stable, metric-based and invariant alternative to general...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
12 Citations
11,204 Views
12 Pages

Astronomical observations are about to deliver the very first telescopic image of the massive black hole lurking at the Galactic Center. The mass of data collected in one night by the Event Horizon Telescope network, exceeding everything that has eve...

  • Conference Report
  • Open Access
44 Citations
4,604 Views
14 Pages

The gravitational wave provides a new method to examine General Relativity and its alternatives in the high speed, strong field regime. Alternative theories of gravity generally predict more polarizations than General Relativity, so it is important t...

  • Conference Report
  • Open Access
24 Citations
3,983 Views
6 Pages

In this paper , the polarization contents of Einstein-æther theory and the generalized TeVeS theory are studied. The Einstein-æther theory has five polarizations, while the generalized TeVeS theory has six. In particular, transverse and l...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,245 Views
19 Pages

A Generalized Solution of Bianchi Type-V Models with Time-Dependent G and Λ

  • Alnadhief H. A. Alfedeel,
  • Amare Abebe and
  • Hussam M. Gubara

We study the homogeneous but anisotropic Bianchi type-V cosmological model with time-dependent gravitational and cosmological “constants”. Exact solutions of the Einstein field equations (EFEs) are presented in terms of adjustable paramet...

  • Conference Report
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,083 Views
8 Pages

A local phenomenological model that reduces to a non-local gravitational theory giving dark energy is proposed. The non-local gravity action is known to fit the data as well as Λ-CDM thereby demanding a more fundamental local treatment. It is...

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Universe - ISSN 2218-1997