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Universe, Volume 10, Issue 8

August 2024 - 31 articles

Cover Story: Scientists demand dynamical models in which the parameters fitted to data are constants as otherwise, the models cannot make concrete predictions. In cosmology, recent tensions between datasets force us to revisit the assumption of constant cosmological parameters. Our work identifies simplified settings where the standard model is likely to exhibit time-dependent parameters and illustrates observations where the parameters are no longer constant. The key implication is that the standard model is broken. Our work documents the inevitable endgame for tensions in the current standard model of the universe provided that experimental errors are not the cause of the tensions. View this paper
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Articles (31)

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,759 Views
14 Pages

11 August 2024

In developing his cosmological model of 1917, de Sitter theoretically predicted the phenomenon of cosmological redshift (the de Sitter effect), which he did long before the discovery of this phenomenon in observations. The de Sitter effect is gravita...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,374 Views
26 Pages

UHECR Clustering: Lightest Nuclei from Local Sheet Galaxies

  • Daniele Fargion,
  • Pier Giorgio De Sanctis Lucentini and
  • Maxim Yu. Khlopov

9 August 2024

The ultra-high-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) puzzle is reviewed under the hints of a few basic results: clustering, anisotropy, asymmetry, bending, and composition changes with energies. We show how the lightest UHECR nuclei from the nearest AGN or Star-...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,972 Views
22 Pages

CME Forecasting System: Event Selection Algorithm, Dimming Data Application Limitations, and Analysis of the Results for Events of the Solar Cycle 24

  • Ksenia Kaportseva,
  • Yulia Shugay,
  • Anna Vakhrusheva,
  • Vladimir Kalegaev,
  • Anton Shiryaev and
  • Valeriy Eremeev

9 August 2024

The modeling of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) arrival to Earth was carried out using a one-dimensional drag-based model (DBM) over the period from 2010 to 2018. The CME propagation model includes a simulation of the interaction of the CME with backgr...

  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,425 Views
17 Pages

Strange Dwarfs: A Review on the (in)Stability

  • Francesco Di Clemente,
  • Alessandro Drago and
  • Giuseppe Pagliara

9 August 2024

White dwarfs are the remnants of stars not massive enough to become supernovae. This review explores the concept of strange dwarfs, a unique class of white dwarfs that contain cores of strange quark matter. Strange dwarfs have different sizes, masses...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
1,732 Views
23 Pages

8 August 2024

Quantum field theory (QFT) in Rindler spacetime is a gateway to understanding unitarity and information loss paradoxes in curved spacetime. Rindler coordinates map Minkowski spacetime onto regions with horizons, effectively dividing accelerated obser...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,723 Views
11 Pages

Characteristics of Powerful Radio Galaxies

  • Chandra B. Singh,
  • Michael Williams,
  • David Garofalo,
  • Luis Rojas Castillo,
  • Landon Taylor and
  • Eddie Harmon

8 August 2024

Mature radio galaxies such as M87 belong to a specific subclass of active galaxies (AGN) whose evolution in time endows them with five distinguishing characteristics, including (1) low excitation emission, (2) low star formation rates, (3) high bulge...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1,576 Views
40 Pages

Measuring a Mass: The Puzzling History of an Elusive Particle

  • Elisabetta Di Grezia,
  • Salvatore Esposito and
  • Adele Naddeo

3 August 2024

Since Pauli’s hypothesis of their existence in 1930, neutrinos never ceased to bring into play novel ideas and to add new pieces of physics in the whole picture of fundamental interactions. They are only weakly interacting and, at odds with Sta...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,468 Views
31 Pages

Prospects for Time-Domain and Multi-Messenger Science with AXIS

  • Riccardo Arcodia,
  • Franz E. Bauer,
  • S. Bradley Cenko,
  • Kristen C. Dage,
  • Daryl Haggard,
  • Wynn C. G. Ho,
  • Erin Kara,
  • Michael Koss,
  • Tingting Liu and
  • Labani Mallick
  • + 9 authors

2 August 2024

The Advanced X-ray Imaging Satellite (AXIS) promises revolutionary science in the X-ray and multi-messenger time domain. AXIS will leverage excellent spatial resolution (<1.5 arcsec), sensitivity (80× that of Swift), and a large collecting a...

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Universe - ISSN 2218-1997